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Cell division also depends on FtsZ in many archaea, but other components of the divisome are unknown. Here, we demonstrate that a SepF homolog plays important roles in cell division in\n                    <jats:italic>Haloferax volcanii<\/jats:italic>\n                    , a halophilic archaeon that is known to have two FtsZ homologs with slightly different functions (FtsZ1 and FtsZ2). SepF co-localizes with both FtsZ1 and FtsZ2 at midcell. Attempts to generate a\n                    <jats:italic>sepF<\/jats:italic>\n                    deletion mutant were unsuccessful, suggesting an essential role. Indeed, SepF depletion leads to severe cell division defects and formation of large cells. Overexpression of FtsZ1-GFP or FtsZ2-GFP in SepF-depleted cells results in formation of filamentous cells with a high number of FtsZ1 rings, while the number of FtsZ2 rings is not affected. Pull-down assays support that SepF interacts with FtsZ2 but not with FtsZ1, although SepF appears delocalized in the absence of FtsZ1. Archaeal SepF homologs lack a glycine residue known to be important for polymerization and function in bacteria, and purified\n                    <jats:italic>H. volcanii<\/jats:italic>\n                    SepF forms dimers, suggesting that polymerization might not be important for the function of archaeal SepF.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-23686-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,8]],"date-time":"2021-06-08T06:07:47Z","timestamp":1623132467000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":45,"title":["The archaeal protein SepF is essential for cell division in Haloferax volcanii"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Phillip","family":"Nu\u00dfbaum","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maren","family":"Gerstner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marie","family":"Dingethal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Celine","family":"Erb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2459-2226","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sonja-Verena","family":"Albers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"23686_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"462","DOI":"10.1093\/emboj\/17.2.462","volume":"17","author":"A Mukherjee","year":"1998","unstructured":"Mukherjee, A. & Lutkenhaus, J. 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