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Contrary to this prevailing notion, we present a new class of light-emitters utilizing a simple benzene core. Among different isomeric forms of diacetylphenylenediamine (DAPA),\n                    <jats:italic>o<\/jats:italic>\n                    - and\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    -DAPA are fluorescent, whereas\n                    <jats:italic>m<\/jats:italic>\n                    -DAPA is not. Remarkably,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    -DAPA is the lightest (FW\u2009=\u2009192) molecule displaying red emission. A systematic modification of the DAPA system allows the construction of a library of emitters covering the entire visible color spectrum. Theoretical analysis shows that their large Stokes shifts originate from the relief of excited-state antiaromaticity, rather than the typically assumed intramolecular charge transfer or proton transfer. A delicate interplay of the excited-state antiaromaticity and hydrogen bonding defines the photophysics of this new class of single benzene fluorophores. The formulated molecular design rules suggest that an extended \u03c0-conjugation is no longer a prerequisite for a long-wavelength light emission.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-25677-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,13]],"date-time":"2021-09-13T06:04:04Z","timestamp":1631513044000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":123,"title":["Relief of excited-state antiaromaticity enables the smallest red emitter"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6227-5745","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Heechan","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5066-6674","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Woojin","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6852-7667","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Younghun","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1541-739X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael","family":"Filatov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8757-1396","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cheol Ho","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6683-9296","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dongwhan","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"25677_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18020","DOI":"10.1038\/natrevmats.2018.20","volume":"3","author":"YC Liu","year":"2018","unstructured":"Liu, Y. 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