{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,11]],"date-time":"2026-11-11T04:41:08Z","timestamp":1794372068828,"version":"4.9.0"},"reference-count":97,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,27]],"date-time":"2024-01-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1706313600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,27]],"date-time":"2024-01-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1706313600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000065","name":"U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01NS123163"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01NS123163"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000065","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100019059","name":"PACS1 Syndrome Research Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100019059","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nat Commun"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    PACS1 syndrome is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by intellectual disability and distinct craniofacial abnormalities resulting from a de novo p.R203W variant in phosphofurin acidic cluster sorting protein 1 (PACS1). PACS1 is known to have functions in the endosomal pathway and nucleus, but how the p.R203W variant affects developing neurons is not fully understood. Here we differentiated stem cells towards neuronal models including cortical organoids to investigate the impact of the PACS1 syndrome-causing variant on neurodevelopment. While few deleterious effects were detected in PACS1\n                    <jats:sup>(+\/R203W)<\/jats:sup>\n                    neural precursors, mature PACS1\n                    <jats:sup>(+\/R203W)<\/jats:sup>\n                    glutamatergic neurons exhibited impaired expression of genes involved in synaptic signaling processes. Subsequent characterization of neural activity using calcium imaging and multielectrode arrays revealed the p.R203W PACS1 variant leads to a prolonged neuronal network burst duration mediated by an increased interspike interval. These findings demonstrate the impact of the PACS1 p.R203W variant on developing human neural tissue and uncover putative electrophysiological underpinnings of disease.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-44989-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,27]],"date-time":"2024-01-27T12:02:09Z","timestamp":1706356929000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["iPSC-derived models of PACS1 syndrome reveal transcriptional and functional deficits in neuron activity"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1614-408X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lauren","family":"Rylaarsdam","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jennifer","family":"Rakotomamonjy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eleanor","family":"Pope","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6890-4661","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alicia","family":"Guemez-Gamboa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"44989_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1122","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajhg.2012.10.013","volume":"91","author":"JHM Schuurs-Hoeijmakers","year":"2012","unstructured":"Schuurs-Hoeijmakers, J. H. M. et al. Recurrent De Novo Mutations in PACS1 cause defective cranial-neural-crest migration and define a recognizable intellectual-disability syndrome. Am. J. Hum. Genet. 91, 1122\u20131127 (2012).","journal-title":"Am. J. Hum. Genet."},{"key":"44989_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"300","DOI":"10.1111\/cge.12544","volume":"88","author":"D Gadzicki","year":"2015","unstructured":"Gadzicki, D. et al. Expanding the phenotype of a recurrent de novo variant in PACS1 causing intellectual disability. Clin. Genet. 88, 300\u2013302 (2015).","journal-title":"Clin. Genet."},{"key":"44989_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"670","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.a.37476","volume":"170","author":"JHM Schuurs-Hoeijmakers","year":"2016","unstructured":"Schuurs-Hoeijmakers, J. H. M. et al. Clinical delineation of the PACS1-related syndrome\u2013Report on 19 patients. Am. J. Med. Genet. A 170, 670\u2013675 (2016).","journal-title":"Am. J. Med. Genet. A"},{"key":"44989_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Martinez-Monseny, A. et al. Mutation of PACS1: the milder end of the spectrum. Clin. Dysmorphol. 27, 148\u2013150 (2018).","DOI":"10.1097\/MCD.0000000000000237"},{"key":"44989_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1111\/cge.12956","volume":"92","author":"D Stern","year":"2017","unstructured":"Stern, D. et al. Association of the missense variant p.Arg203Trp in PACS1 as a cause of intellectual disability and seizures. Clin. Genet. 92, 221\u2013223 (2017).","journal-title":"Clin. Genet."},{"key":"44989_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"929","DOI":"10.1111\/cge.13105","volume":"93","author":"N Miyake","year":"2018","unstructured":"Miyake, N. et al. A novel missense mutation affecting the same amino acid as the recurrent PACS1 mutation in Schuurs-Hoeijmakers syndrome. Clin. Genet. 93, 929\u2013930 (2018).","journal-title":"Clin. 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The phosphorylation state of an autoregulatory domain controls PACS-1-directed protein traffic. EMBO J. 22, 6234\u20136244 (2003).","journal-title":"EMBO J."},{"key":"44989_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(00)81420-8","volume":"94","author":"L Wan","year":"1998","unstructured":"Wan, L. et al. PACS-1 defines a novel gene family of cytosolic sorting proteins required for trans-golgi network localization. Cell 94, 205\u2013216 (1998).","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"44989_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1182","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.embor.7400018","volume":"4","author":"I Hinners","year":"2003","unstructured":"Hinners, I. et al. AP-1 recruitment to VAMP4 is modulated by phosphorylation-dependent binding of PACS-1. 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