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Using single-cell analysis, we identify pro-inflammatory MERTK\n                    <jats:sup>low<\/jats:sup>\n                    CD48\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    macrophages and MERTK\u2009+\u2009LYVE1\u2009+\u2009MRC1+ macrophages enriched for negative regulators of inflammation which co-exist in frozen shoulder capsule tissues. Micro-cultures of patient-derived cells identify integrin-mediated cell-matrix interactions between MERTK+ macrophages and pro-resolving DKK3+ and POSTN+ fibroblasts, suggesting that matrix remodelling plays a role in frozen shoulder resolution. Cross-tissue analysis reveals a shared gene expression cassette between shoulder capsule MERTK+ macrophages and a respective population enriched in synovial tissues of rheumatoid arthritis patients in disease remission, supporting the concept that MERTK+ macrophages mediate resolution of inflammation and fibrosis. Single-cell transcriptomic profiling and spatial analysis of human foetal shoulder tissues identify MERTK\u2009+\u2009LYVE1\u2009+\u2009MRC1+ macrophages and DKK3+ and POSTN+ fibroblast populations analogous to those in frozen shoulder, suggesting that the template to resolve fibrosis is established during shoulder development. Crosstalk between MerTK+ macrophages and pro-resolving DKK3+ and POSTN+ fibroblasts could facilitate resolution of frozen shoulder, providing a basis for potential therapeutic resolution of persistent fibrotic diseases.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-45341-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,19]],"date-time":"2024-02-19T06:04:17Z","timestamp":1708322657000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":43,"title":["A single cell atlas of frozen shoulder capsule identifies features associated with inflammatory fibrosis resolution"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3463-5568","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael T. 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