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It is essential to rationally design the chemical structure and catalytic active sites towards the development of efficient catalysts. Here we show a Ce-CuZn catalyst with enriched Cu\/Zn-O\n                    <jats:sub>V<\/jats:sub>\n                    -Ce active sites fabricated through the atomic-level substitution of Cu and Zn into Ce-MOF precursor. The Ce-CuZn catalyst exhibits a high methanol selectivity of 71.1% and a space-time yield of methanol up to 400.3\u2009g\u00b7kg\n                    <jats:sub>cat<\/jats:sub>\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    \u00b7h\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    with excellent stability for 170\u2009h at 260\u2009\u00b0C, comparable to that of the state-of-the-art CuZnAl catalysts. Controlled experiments and DFT calculations confirm that the incorporation of Cu and Zn into CeO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    with abundant oxygen vacancies can facilitate H\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    dissociation energetically and thus improve CO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    hydrogenation over the Ce-CuZn catalyst via formate intermediates. This work offers an atomic-level design strategy for constructing efficient multi-metal catalysts for methanol synthesis through precise\u00a0control of active sites.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-46513-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,9]],"date-time":"2024-03-09T06:01:24Z","timestamp":1709964084000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":238,"title":["A Ce-CuZn catalyst with abundant Cu\/Zn-OV-Ce active sites for CO2 hydrogenation to methanol"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7508-2694","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Runping","family":"Ye","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lixuan","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianing","family":"Mao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xinyao","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoling","family":"Hong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4687-8188","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alessandro","family":"Gallo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanfu","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenhao","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Baojun","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8956-8425","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Riguang","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9891-5932","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Melis Seher","family":"Duyar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4297-464X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zheng","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5114-0404","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jian","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"46513_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-019-13638-9","volume":"10","author":"RP Ye","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ye, R. 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