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We used nationwide claims-based cohorts in South Korea (K-CoV-N;\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u2009836,164; main cohort) and Japan (JMDC;\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20092,541,021; replication cohort A) and the UK Biobank cohort (UKB;\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u2009325,843; replication cohort B) after 1:5 propensity score matching. Among the 836,164 individuals in the main cohort (mean age, 50.25 years [SD, 13.86]; 372,914 [44.6%] women), 147,824 were infected with SARS-CoV-2 during the follow-up period (2020\u22122021). The risk of developing allergic diseases, beyond the first 30 days of diagnosis of COVID-19, significantly increased (HR, 1.20; 95% CI, 1.13\u22121.27), notably in asthma (HR, 2.25; 95% CI, 1.80\u22122.83) and allergic rhinitis (HR, 1.23; 95% CI, 1.15\u22121.32). This risk gradually decreased over time, but it persisted throughout the follow-up period (\u22656 months). In addition, the risk increased with increasing severity of COVID-19. Notably, COVID-19 vaccination of at least two doses had a protective effect against subsequent allergic diseases (HR, 0.81; 95% CI, 0.68\u22120.96). Similar findings were reported in the replication cohorts A and B. Although the potential for misclassification of pre-existing allergic conditions as incident diseases remains a limitation, ethnic diversity for evidence of incident allergic diseases in post-COVID-19 condition has been validated by utilizing multinational and independent population-based cohorts.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-47176-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,2]],"date-time":"2024-04-02T01:01:44Z","timestamp":1712019704000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":90,"title":["Incident allergic diseases in post-COVID-19 condition: multinational cohort studies from South Korea, Japan and the UK"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Jiyeon","family":"Oh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Myeongcheol","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0293-0570","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Minji","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hyeon Jin","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5632-5208","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Seung Won","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0119-5818","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sang Youl","family":"Rhee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ai","family":"Koyanagi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lee","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2115-7835","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Min Seo","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-2403-6241","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hayeon","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8580-490X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jinseok","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1628-9948","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dong Keon","family":"Yon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"47176_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(20)30120-1","volume":"20","author":"E Dong","year":"2020","unstructured":"Dong, E., Du, H. & Gardner, L. 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