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LC participants show elevated nucleocapsid IgG levels at 3 months, and higher neutralizing capacity up to 8 months post-infection. Increased spike-specific and nucleocapsid-specific CD4\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    T cells, PD-1, and TIM-3 expression on CD4\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    and CD8\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    T cells were observed at 3 and 8 months, but these differences do not persist at 24 months. Some LC participants had detectable IFN-\u03b3 and IFN-\u03b2, that was attributed to reinfection and antigen re-exposure. Single-cell RNA sequencing at the 24 month timepoint shows similar immune cell proportions and reconstitution of na\u00efve T and B cell subsets in LC and MC. No significant differences in exhaustion scores or antigen-specific T cell clones are observed. These findings suggest resolution of immune activation in LC and return to comparable immune responses between LC and MC over time. Improvement in self-reported health-related quality of life at 24 months was also evident in the majority of LC (62%). PTX3, CRP levels and platelet count are associated with improvements in health-related quality of life.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-47720-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,17]],"date-time":"2024-04-17T15:01:54Z","timestamp":1713366114000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":52,"title":["Improvement of immune dysregulation in individuals with long COVID at 24-months following SARS-CoV-2 infection"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6617-5995","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chansavath","family":"Phetsouphanh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brendan","family":"Jacka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sara","family":"Ballouz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9952-7069","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katherine J. 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