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CVID is a primary immunodeficiency disorder characterized by impaired antibody responses resulting in increased susceptibility to infections. \u03b3\u03b4 T cells are a subset of unconventional T cells that play crucial roles in host defence against infections. In this study, we aim to determine the roles and functions of \u03b3\u03b4 T cells in CVID. We observe a higher frequency of V\u03b41\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    \u03b3\u03b4\u00a0T cells compared to healthy controls, particularly in older patients. We also find a higher proportion of effector-memory V\u03b41\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    \u03b3\u03b4 T cells and a more clonal T cell receptor (TCR) repertoire in CVID. The most significant driver of the V\u03b41\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    \u03b3\u03b4 T cell expansion and phenotype in CVID patients is persistent cytomegalovirus (CMV) viremia. These findings provide valuable insights into \u03b3\u03b4 T cell biology and their contribution to immune defence in CVID.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-48527-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,20]],"date-time":"2024-05-20T11:02:11Z","timestamp":1716202931000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Cytomegalovirus drives V\u03b41+ \u03b3\u03b4 T cell expansion and clonality in common variable immunodeficiency"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3785-7759","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Samantha","family":"Chan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benjamin","family":"Morgan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8692-4145","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michelle K.","family":"Yong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0615-1515","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mai","family":"Margetts","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5234-0259","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anthony J.","family":"Farchione","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3577-7605","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Erin C.","family":"Lucas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jack","family":"Godsell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7909-8714","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nhi Ai","family":"Giang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charlotte A.","family":"Slade","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3605-7936","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anouk","family":"von Borstel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vanessa L.","family":"Bryant","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3522-4533","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lauren J.","family":"Howson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"48527_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1508","DOI":"10.1007\/s10875-022-01352-z","volume":"42","author":"A Bousfiha","year":"2022","unstructured":"Bousfiha, A. et al. 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