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However, there is limited understanding of the origins and dynamics of reproductive siRNAs acting in different cellular and developmental contexts. Here, we used the RNaseIII-like protein RTL1 to suppress siRNA biogenesis in Arabidopsis pollen, and found distinct siRNA subsets produced during pollen development. We demonstrate that\n                    <jats:italic>RTL1<\/jats:italic>\n                    expression in the late microspore and vegetative cell strongly impairs epigenetic silencing, and resembles RdDM mutants in their ability to bypass interploidy hybridization barriers in the seed. However, germline-specific\n                    <jats:italic>RTL1<\/jats:italic>\n                    expression did not impact transgenerational inheritance of triploid seed lethality. These results reveal the existence of multiple siRNA subsets accumulated in mature pollen, and suggest that mobile siRNAs involved in the triploid block are produced in germline precursor cells after meiosis, or in the vegetative cell during pollen mitosis.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-48950-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,30]],"date-time":"2024-05-30T11:02:00Z","timestamp":1717066920000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Targeted suppression of siRNA biogenesis in Arabidopsis pollen promotes triploid seed viability"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9823-044X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kannan","family":"Pachamuthu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthieu","family":"Simon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7388-2118","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Filipe","family":"Borges","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"48950_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Vaucheret, H. & Voinnet, O. 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