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However, there is still no consensus on the role volcanism played as a trigger, or its source \u2013 previously ascribed to the Caribbean LIP or High Arctic LIP. Here, we use Mentelle Basin sedimentary mercury (Hg) concentrations to determine the timing of volcanism, and neodymium (Nd) and strontium (Sr) isotopes for sedimentary provenance. High Hg concentrations compared to Northern Hemisphere records, and a shift to radiogenic Nd isotopes, indicates Kerguelen LIP\u00a0volcanic activity and plateau uplift occurred in the lead up to and within OAE2. Whilst we find limited evidence that a volcanic event caused the MCE, pulsed Hg spikes before and during OAE2 imply volcanic emissions were key in driving climate and carbon cycle changes and triggering OAE2.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-49032-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,15]],"date-time":"2024-06-15T07:01:37Z","timestamp":1718434897000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Oceanic Anoxic Event 2 triggered by Kerguelen volcanism"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1630-2076","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"C. 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