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This results in cytokine expression, including interferons (IFNs), which partly limit infection. VZV also spreads from skin keratinocytes to lymphocytes prior to secondary viremia. It is not clear how VZV achieves this while evading the cytokine response. Here, we show that VZV glycoprotein C (gC) binds IFN-\u03b3 and modifies its activity, increasing the expression of a subset of IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs), including intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (\n                    <jats:italic>ICAM1<\/jats:italic>\n                    ), chemokines and immunomodulatory genes. The higher ICAM1 protein level at the plasma membrane of keratinocytes facilitates lymphocyte function-associated antigen 1-dependent T cell adhesion and expression of gC during infection increases VZV spread to peripheral blood mononuclear cells. This constitutes the discovery of a strategy to modulate IFN-\u03b3 activity, upregulating a subset of ISGs, promoting enhanced lymphocyte adhesion and virus spread.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-49657-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,22]],"date-time":"2024-06-22T04:02:03Z","timestamp":1719028923000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Viral modulation of type II interferon increases T cell adhesion and virus spread"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1418-1514","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carina","family":"Jacobsen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9788-7335","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nina","family":"Pl\u00fcckebaum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5350-3371","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"George","family":"Ssebyatika","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah","family":"Beyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1111-2027","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lucas","family":"Mendes-Monteiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-0373-1196","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jiayi","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kai A.","family":"Kropp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"V\u00edctor","family":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Motos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9142-7146","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lars","family":"Steinbr\u00fcck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Birgit","family":"Ritter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claudio","family":"Rodr\u00edguez-Gonz\u00e1lez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heike","family":"B\u00f6ning","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eirini","family":"Nikolouli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1901-9970","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paul R.","family":"Kinchington","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4245-1497","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nico","family":"Lachmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4292-0599","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel P.","family":"Depledge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Krey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6395-4010","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abel","family":"Viejo-Borbolla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"49657_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11425","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.76.22.11425-11433.2002","volume":"76","author":"CC Ku","year":"2002","unstructured":"Ku, C. 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