{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,5]],"date-time":"2026-11-05T04:53:26Z","timestamp":1793854406905,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,5]],"date-time":"2024-07-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1720137600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,5]],"date-time":"2024-07-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1720137600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002920","name":"Research Grants Council, University Grants Committee","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["No. 17108621"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No. 17108621"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002920","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nat Commun"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Given the existing uncertainty regarding the effectiveness and safety of switching from low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) to direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) in patients with cancer-associated venous thrombosis (CAT), we conducted a comprehensive population-based cohort study utilizing electronic health database in Hong Kong. A total of 4356 patients with CAT between 2010 and 2022 were included, with 1700 (39.0%) patients switching to DOAC treatment. Compared to continuous LMWH treatment, switching to DOACs was associated with a significantly lower risk of hospitalization due to venous thromboembolism (HR: 0.49 [95% CI\u2009=\u20090.35\u20130.68]) and all-cause mortality (HR: 0.67 [95% CI\u2009=\u20090.61\u20130.74]), with no significant difference in major bleeding (HR: 1.04 [95% CI\u2009=\u20090.83\u20131.31]) within six months. These findings provide reassurance regarding the effectiveness and safety of switching from LMWH to DOACs among patients with CAT, including vulnerable patient groups.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-50037-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,5]],"date-time":"2024-07-05T10:53:10Z","timestamp":1720176790000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Effectiveness and safety of continuous low-molecular-weight heparin versus switching to direct oral anticoagulants in cancer-associated venous thrombosis"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7617-6323","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wei","family":"Kang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Caige","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5225-3032","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vincent K. C.","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yue","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jessica J. P.","family":"Shami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Silvia T. H.","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xuxiao","family":"Ye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Junhan","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4696-9434","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shing Fung","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6283-978X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Victor H. F.","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8998-5480","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stephen L.","family":"Chan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aya","family":"El Helali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7523-5088","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ka On","family":"Lam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roger K. C.","family":"Ngan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8242-0014","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ian C. K.","family":"Wong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7602-9470","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Esther W.","family":"Chan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"50037_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1712","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2013-04-460121","volume":"122","author":"JF Timp","year":"2013","unstructured":"Timp, J. F., Braekkan, S. K., Versteeg, H. H. & Cannegieter, S. C. Epidemiology of cancer-associated venous thrombosis. Blood 122, 1712\u20131723 (2013).","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"50037_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"715","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.293.6.715","volume":"293","author":"JW Blom","year":"2005","unstructured":"Blom, J. W., Doggen, C. J., Osanto, S. & Rosendaal, F. R. Malignancies, prothrombotic mutations, and the risk of venous thrombosis. JAMA 293, 715\u2013722, (2005).","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"50037_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"632","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1538-7836.2007.02374.x","volume":"5","author":"AA Khorana","year":"2007","unstructured":"Khorana, A. A., Francis, C. W., Culakova, E., Kuderer, N. M. & Lyman, G. H. Thromboembolism is a leading cause of death in cancer patients receiving outpatient chemotherapy. J. Thromb. Haemost. 5, 632\u2013634 (2007).","journal-title":"J. Thromb. Haemost."},{"key":"50037_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1016\/j.thromres.2012.10.007","volume":"131","author":"G Gussoni","year":"2013","unstructured":"Gussoni, G. et al. Three-month mortality rate and clinical predictors in patients with venous thromboembolism and cancer. Findings from the RIETE registry. Thromb. Res. 131, 24\u201330 (2013).","journal-title":"Thromb. Res."},{"key":"50037_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Abdol Razak, N. B., Jones, G., Bhandari, M., Berndt, M. C. & Metharom, P. Cancer-Associated Thrombosis: An Overview of Mechanisms, Risk Factors, and Treatment. Cancers (Basel) 10, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/cancers10100380 (2018).","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers10100380"},{"key":"50037_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"366","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2018-99-113581","volume":"132","author":"S Shah","year":"2018","unstructured":"Shah, S., Rubin, N. & Khorana, A. A. Economic Burden of Venous Thromboembolism in Cancer Patients - a Comparative Analysis between Matched Patients with Cancer with and without a Diagnosis of Venous Thromboembolism. Blood 132, 366\u2013366 (2018).","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"50037_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"496","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.19.01461","volume":"38","author":"NS Key","year":"2020","unstructured":"Key, N. S. et al. Venous Thromboembolism Prophylaxis and Treatment in Patients With Cancer: ASCO Clinical Practice Guideline Update. J. Clin. Oncol.: Off. J. Am. Soc. Clin. Oncol. 38, 496\u2013520 (2020).","journal-title":"J. Clin. Oncol.: Off. J. Am. Soc. Clin. Oncol."},{"key":"50037_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e334","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(22)00160-7","volume":"23","author":"D Farge","year":"2022","unstructured":"Farge, D. et al. 2022 international clinical practice guidelines for the treatment and prophylaxis of venous thromboembolism in patients with cancer, including patients with COVID-19. Lancet Oncol. 23, e334\u2013e347 (2022).","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol."},{"key":"50037_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"927","DOI":"10.1182\/bloodadvances.2020003442","volume":"5","author":"GH Lyman","year":"2021","unstructured":"Lyman, G. H. et al. American Society of Hematology 2021 guidelines for management of venous thromboembolism: prevention and treatment in patients with cancer. Blood Adv. 5, 927\u2013974 (2021).","journal-title":"Blood Adv."},{"key":"50037_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.1111\/jth.15153","volume":"19","author":"JK Schaefer","year":"2021","unstructured":"Schaefer, J. K. et al. Anticoagulant medication adherence for cancer-associated thrombosis: A comparison of LMWH to DOACs. J. Thromb. Haemost. 19, 212\u2013220 (2021).","journal-title":"J. Thromb. Haemost."},{"key":"50037_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e24102","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2020.38.15_suppl.e24102","volume":"38","author":"M McShane","year":"2020","unstructured":"McShane, M. et al. A retrospective single-center evaluation of the safety and efficacy of direct oral anticoagulants versus low molecular weight heparin in patients with cancer-associated thrombosis. J. Clin. Oncol. 38, e24102\u2013e24102 (2020).","journal-title":"J. Clin. Oncol."},{"key":"50037_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1111\/jth.13563","volume":"15","author":"SJ van der Wall","year":"2017","unstructured":"van der Wall, S. J. et al. Continuation of low-molecular-weight heparin treatment for cancer-related venous thromboembolism: a prospective cohort study in daily clinical practice. J. Thromb. Haemost. 15, 74\u201379 (2017).","journal-title":"J. Thromb. Haemost."},{"key":"50037_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1711948","volume":"378","author":"GE Raskob","year":"2018","unstructured":"Raskob, G. E. et al. Edoxaban for the Treatment of Cancer-Associated Venous Thromboembolism. N. Engl. J. Med. 378, 615\u2013624 (2018).","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"50037_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2017","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2018.78.8034","volume":"36","author":"AM Young","year":"2018","unstructured":"Young, A. M. et al. Comparison of an Oral Factor Xa Inhibitor With Low Molecular Weight Heparin in Patients With Cancer With Venous Thromboembolism: Results of a Randomized Trial (SELECT-D). J. Clin. Oncol.: Off. J. Am. Soc. Clin. Oncol. 36, 2017\u20132023 (2018).","journal-title":"J. Clin. Oncol.: Off. J. Am. Soc. Clin. Oncol."},{"key":"50037_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1111\/jth.14662","volume":"18","author":"RD McBane 2nd","year":"2020","unstructured":"McBane, R. D. 2nd et al. Apixaban and dalteparin in active malignancy-associated venous thromboembolism: The ADAM VTE trial. J. Thromb. Haemost. 18, 411\u2013421 (2020).","journal-title":"J. Thromb. Haemost."},{"key":"50037_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1599","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1915103","volume":"382","author":"G Agnelli","year":"2020","unstructured":"Agnelli, G. et al. Apixaban for the Treatment of Venous Thromboembolism Associated with Cancer. N. Engl. J. Med. 382, 1599\u20131607 (2020).","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"50037_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2036304","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2020.36304","volume":"4","author":"DY Chen","year":"2021","unstructured":"Chen, D. Y. et al. Comparison Between Non-vitamin K Antagonist Oral Anticoagulants and Low-Molecular-Weight Heparin in Asian Individuals With Cancer-Associated Venous Thromboembolism. JAMA Netw. Open 4, e2036304 (2021).","journal-title":"JAMA Netw. Open"},{"key":"50037_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e12","DOI":"10.1016\/S2352-3026(15)00257-4","volume":"3","author":"W Ageno","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ageno, W. et al. Safety and effectiveness of oral rivaroxaban versus standard anticoagulation for the treatment of symptomatic deep-vein thrombosis (XALIA): an international, prospective, non-interventional study. Lancet Haematol. 3, e12\u201321, (2016).","journal-title":"Lancet Haematol."},{"key":"50037_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1186\/s12959-020-00221-2","volume":"18","author":"A Faqah","year":"2020","unstructured":"Faqah, A., Sheikh, H., Bakar, M. A., Tayyaab, F. & Khawaja, S. Comparative analysis of enoxaparin versus rivaroxaban in the treatment of cancer associated venous thromboembolism: experience from a tertiary care cancer centre. Thromb. J. 18, 8 (2020).","journal-title":"Thromb. J."},{"key":"50037_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4045","DOI":"10.1182\/bloodadvances.2020002242","volume":"4","author":"OS Costa","year":"2020","unstructured":"Costa, O. S. et al. Effectiveness and safety of rivaroxaban compared with low-molecular-weight heparin in cancer-associated thromboembolism. Blood Adv. 4, 4045\u20134051 (2020).","journal-title":"Blood Adv."},{"key":"50037_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106567","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vph.2019.106567","volume":"120","author":"K Stepien","year":"2019","unstructured":"Stepien, K., Nowak, K., Zalewski, J., Pac, A. & Undas, A. Extended treatment with non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants versus low-molecular-weight heparins in cancer patients following venous thromboembolism. A pilot study. Vasc. Pharm. 120, 106567 (2019).","journal-title":"Vasc. Pharm."},{"key":"50037_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e26883","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000026883","volume":"100","author":"SM Kim","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kim, S. M., Jeon, E. T., Jung, J. M. & Lee, J. S. Real-world oral anticoagulants for Asian patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation: A PRISMA-compliant article. Med. (Baltim.) 100, e26883 (2021).","journal-title":"Med. (Baltim.)"},{"key":"50037_CR23","first-page":"789","volume":"111","author":"CE Chiang","year":"2014","unstructured":"Chiang, C. E., Wang, K. L. & Lip, G. Y. Stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation: an Asian perspective. Thromb. Haemost. 111, 789\u2013797 (2014).","journal-title":"Thromb. Haemost."},{"key":"50037_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1016\/j.thromres.2019.05.012","volume":"180","author":"A Li","year":"2019","unstructured":"Li, A., Manohar, P. M., Garcia, D. A., Lyman, G. H. & Steuten, L. M. Cost effectiveness analysis of direct oral anticoagulant (DOAC) versus dalteparin for the treatment of cancer associated thrombosis (CAT) in the United States. Thromb. Res. 180, 37\u201342 (2019).","journal-title":"Thromb. Res."},{"key":"50037_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1016\/j.thromres.2020.08.014","volume":"196","author":"DG Lopes","year":"2020","unstructured":"Lopes, D. G., Tamayo, A., Schipp, B. & Siepmann, T. Cost-effectiveness of edoxaban vs low-molecular-weight heparin and warfarin for cancer-associated thrombosis in Brazil. Thromb. Res. 196, 4\u201310 (2020).","journal-title":"Thromb. Res."},{"key":"50037_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.thromres.2021.06.021","volume":"206","author":"AT Cohen","year":"2021","unstructured":"Cohen, A. T. et al. Patient-reported outcomes associated with changing to rivaroxaban for the treatment of cancer-associated venous thromboembolism - The COSIMO study. Thromb. Res. 206, 1\u20134 (2021).","journal-title":"Thromb. Res."},{"key":"50037_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0040-1714739","volume":"121","author":"N Picker","year":"2021","unstructured":"Picker, N. et al. Anticoagulation Treatment in Cancer-Associated Venous Thromboembolism: Assessment of Patient Preferences Using a Discrete Choice Experiment (COSIMO Study). Thromb. Haemost. 121, 206\u2013215 (2021).","journal-title":"Thromb. Haemost."},{"key":"50037_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2206","DOI":"10.1111\/jth.15416","volume":"19","author":"DT Vlazny","year":"2021","unstructured":"Vlazny, D. T. et al. Outcome of anticoagulation in isolated distal deep vein thrombosis compared to proximal deep venous thrombosis. J. Thromb. Haemost. 19, 2206\u20132215 (2021).","journal-title":"J. Thromb. Haemost."},{"key":"50037_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e20","DOI":"10.1016\/S2352-3026(18)30191-1","volume":"6","author":"GK Dawwas","year":"2019","unstructured":"Dawwas, G. K., Brown, J., Dietrich, E. & Park, H. Effectiveness and safety of apixaban versus rivaroxaban for prevention of recurrent venous thromboembolism and adverse bleeding events in patients with venous thromboembolism: a retrospective population-based cohort analysis. Lancet Haematol. 6, e20\u2013e28 (2019).","journal-title":"Lancet Haematol."},{"key":"50037_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3972","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2014-01-549733","volume":"123","author":"CE Chee","year":"2014","unstructured":"Chee, C. E. et al. Predictors of venous thromboembolism recurrence and bleeding among active cancer patients: a population-based cohort study. Blood 123, 3972\u20133978 (2014).","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"50037_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1495","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijsu.2014.07.013","volume":"12","author":"E von Elm","year":"2014","unstructured":"von Elm, E. et al. The Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) Statement: guidelines for reporting observational studies. Int. J. Surg. 12, 1495\u20131499 (2014).","journal-title":"Int. J. Surg."},{"key":"50037_CR32","unstructured":"Hong Kong Hospital Authority. Hospital Authority introduction, https:\/\/www.ha.org.hk\/visitor\/ha_index.asp (2023)."},{"key":"50037_CR33","unstructured":"Hong Kong Hospital Authority. Hospital Authority Statistical Report 2021-2022, https:\/\/www3.ha.org.hk\/data\/HAStatistics\/StatisticalReport\/ (2023)."},{"key":"50037_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(21)00451-5","volume":"22","author":"EYF Wan","year":"2022","unstructured":"Wan, E. Y. F. et al. Bell\u2019s palsy following vaccination with mRNA (BNT162b2) and inactivated (CoronaVac) SARS-CoV-2 vaccines: a case series and nested case-control study. Lancet Infect. Dis. 22, 64\u201372 (2022).","journal-title":"Lancet Infect. Dis."},{"key":"50037_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1186\/s13045-022-01265-9","volume":"15","author":"W Kang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Kang, W. et al. Safety of two-dose COVID-19 vaccination (BNT162b2 and CoronaVac) in adults with cancer: a territory-wide cohort study. J. Hematol. Oncol. 15, 66 (2022).","journal-title":"J. Hematol. Oncol."},{"key":"50037_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2224163","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2022.24163","volume":"5","author":"Y Wei","year":"2022","unstructured":"Wei, Y. et al. Association of Long-Acting Injectable Antipsychotics and Oral Antipsychotics With Disease Relapse, Health Care Use, and Adverse Events Among People With Schizophrenia. JAMA Netw. Open 5, e2224163 (2022).","journal-title":"JAMA Netw. Open"},{"key":"50037_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1513","DOI":"10.14309\/ajg.0000000000000678","volume":"115","author":"J Zhao","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zhao, J. et al. Association Between Nonvitamin K Antagonist Oral Anticoagulants or Warfarin and Liver Injury: A Cohort Study. Am. J. Gastroenterol. 115, 1513\u20131524 (2020).","journal-title":"Am. J. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"50037_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1891","DOI":"10.1111\/jth.14219","volume":"16","author":"AA Khorana","year":"2018","unstructured":"Khorana, A. A. et al. Role of direct oral anticoagulants in the treatment of cancer-associated venous thromboembolism: guidance from the SSC of the ISTH. J. Thromb. Haemost. 16, 1891\u20131894 (2018).","journal-title":"J. Thromb. Haemost."},{"key":"50037_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e150","DOI":"10.1016\/S2352-3026(15)00027-7","volume":"2","author":"K Bouillon","year":"2015","unstructured":"Bouillon, K. et al. Risk of bleeding and arterial thromboembolism in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation either maintained on a vitamin K antagonist or switched to a non-vitamin K-antagonist oral anticoagulant: a retrospective, matched-cohort study. Lancet Haematol. 2, e150\u2013159, (2015).","journal-title":"Lancet Haematol."},{"key":"50037_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"586","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2015.05.002","volume":"149","author":"EW Chan","year":"2015","unstructured":"Chan, E. W. et al. Prevention of Dabigatran-Related Gastrointestinal Bleeding With Gastroprotective Agents: A Population-Based Study. Gastroenterology 149, 586\u2013595 e583 (2015).","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"50037_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9681(87)90171-8","volume":"40","author":"ME Charlson","year":"1987","unstructured":"Charlson, M. E., Pompei, P., Ales, K. L. & MacKenzie, C. R. A new method of classifying prognostic comorbidity in longitudinal studies: development and validation. J. Chronic Dis. 40, 373\u2013383 (1987).","journal-title":"J. Chronic Dis."},{"key":"50037_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4902","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2007-10-116327","volume":"111","author":"AA Khorana","year":"2008","unstructured":"Khorana, A. A., Kuderer, N. M., Culakova, E., Lyman, G. H. & Francis, C. W. Development and validation of a predictive model for chemotherapy-associated thrombosis. Blood 111, 4902\u20134907 (2008).","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"50037_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1594","DOI":"10.1055\/a-1777-4006","volume":"122","author":"R Lecumberri","year":"2022","unstructured":"Lecumberri, R. et al. Outcome of Cancer-Associated Venous Thromboembolism Is More Favorable among Patients with Hematologic Malignancies than in Those with Solid Tumors. Thromb. Haemost. 122, 1594\u20131602 (2022).","journal-title":"Thromb. Haemost."},{"key":"50037_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1326","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(95)92535-X","volume":"345","author":"PS Wells","year":"1995","unstructured":"Wells, P. S. et al. Accuracy of clinical assessment of deep-vein thrombosis. Lancet 345, 1326\u20131330 (1995).","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"50037_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4681","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.6274","volume":"33","author":"D Jackson","year":"2014","unstructured":"Jackson, D. et al. Relaxing the independent censoring assumption in the Cox proportional hazards model using multiple imputation. Stat. Med. 33, 4681\u20134694 (2014).","journal-title":"Stat. Med."},{"key":"50037_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"RUBIN, D. B. Multiple Imputation for Nonresponse in Surveys. (Wiley, 1987).","DOI":"10.1002\/9780470316696"}],"container-title":["Nature Communications"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41467-024-50037-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41467-024-50037-1","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41467-024-50037-1.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,5]],"date-time":"2024-07-05T10:53:16Z","timestamp":1720176796000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41467-024-50037-1"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,5]]},"references-count":46,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]}},"alternative-id":["50037"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41467-024-50037-1","relation":{},"ISSN":["2041-1723"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2041-1723","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"24 July 2023","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"25 June 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"5 July 2024","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"Both I.C.K.W. and E.W.C. received research funding outside the submitted work from Pfizer and Bayer. The other authors declare no competing interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"5657"}}