{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,13]],"date-time":"2026-02-13T16:02:40Z","timestamp":1770998560802,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,13]],"date-time":"2026-01-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768262400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,13]],"date-time":"2026-02-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770940800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":31,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000060","name":"U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RO1AI162670"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RO1AI162670"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000060","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nat Commun"],"DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-026-68334-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,13]],"date-time":"2026-01-13T11:46:14Z","timestamp":1768304774000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Intranasal unadjuvanted LcrV boosts parental Yersinia OMV primed lung immunity against pneumonic plague in mice"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Saugata","family":"Majumder","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shreya","family":"Das","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohd","family":"Saqib","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"McKenzie","family":"Van der Veer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Moe","family":"Acee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0071-6987","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wei","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"68334_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.ento.50.071803.130337","volume":"50","author":"KL Gage","year":"2005","unstructured":"Gage, K. L. & Kosoy, M. Y. Natural history of plague: perspectives from more than a century of research. Annu. Rev. Entomol. 50, 505\u2013528 (2005).","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Entomol."},{"key":"68334_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.10.1.35","volume":"10","author":"RD Perry","year":"1997","unstructured":"Perry, R. D. & Fetherston, J. D. Yersinia pestis-etiologic agent of plague. Clin. Microbiol. Rev. 10, 35\u201366 (1997).","journal-title":"Clin. Microbiol. Rev."},{"key":"68334_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e309","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0000309","volume":"2","author":"TJ Welch","year":"2007","unstructured":"Welch, T. J. et al. Multiple antimicrobial resistance in plague: an emerging public health risk. PLoS ONE 2, e309 (2007).","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"68334_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3233","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00306-06","volume":"50","author":"M Galimand","year":"2006","unstructured":"Galimand, M., Carniel, E. & Courvalin, P. Resistance of Yersinia pestis to antimicrobial agents. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 50, 3233\u20133236 (2006).","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"68334_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1089\/vbz.2011.0748","volume":"12","author":"D Kiefer","year":"2012","unstructured":"Kiefer, D. et al. Phenotypical characterization of mongolian Yersinia pestis strains. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis. 12, 183\u2013188 (2012).","journal-title":"Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis."},{"key":"68334_CR6","unstructured":"WHO. Global Preparedness Monitoring Board-Annual Report on Global Preparedness for Health Emergencies (2019)."},{"key":"68334_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.4172\/2329-8731.1000114","volume":"2","author":"NA Boire","year":"2014","unstructured":"Boire, N. A., Riedel, V. A. A., Parrish, N. M. & Riedel, S. Lessons learned from historic plague epidemics: the relevance of an ancient disease in modern times. J. Anc. Dis. Prev. Rem. 2, 114 (2014).","journal-title":"J. Anc. Dis. Prev. Rem."},{"key":"68334_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jobb.2020.02.001","volume":"2","author":"I Ansari","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ansari, I., Grier, G. & Byers, M. Deliberate release: plague - A review. J. Biosaf. Biosecur 2, 10\u201322 (2020).","journal-title":"J. Biosaf. Biosecur"},{"key":"68334_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2281","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.283.17.2281","volume":"283","author":"TV Inglesby","year":"2000","unstructured":"Inglesby, T. V. et al. Plague as a biological weapon: medical and public health management. Working Group on Civilian Biodefense. JAMA 283, 2281\u20132290 (2000).","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"68334_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6572","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2011.06.119","volume":"29","author":"LE Quenee","year":"2011","unstructured":"Quenee, L. E., Ciletti, N. A., Elli, D., Hermanas, T. M. & Schneewind, O. Prevention of pneumonic plague in mice, rats, guinea pigs and non-human primates with clinical grade rV10, rV10-2 or F1-V vaccines. Vaccine 29, 6572\u20136583 (2011).","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"68334_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41541-024-00958-1","volume":"9","author":"ED Williamson","year":"2024","unstructured":"Williamson, E. D. et al. Progress on the research and development of plague vaccines with a call to action. NPJ Vaccines 9, 162 (2024).","journal-title":"NPJ Vaccines"},{"key":"68334_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41541-019-0105-9","volume":"4","author":"W Sun","year":"2019","unstructured":"Sun, W. & Singh, A. K. Plague vaccine: recent progress and prospects. NPJ Vaccines 4, 11 (2019).","journal-title":"NPJ Vaccines"},{"key":"68334_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2109667119","volume":"119","author":"X Wang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Wang, X. et al. Remodeling Yersinia pseudotuberculosis to generate a highly immunogenic outer membrane vesicle vaccine against pneumonic plague. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 119, e2109667119 (2022).","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"68334_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.202307066","volume":"20","author":"S Majumder","year":"2024","unstructured":"Majumder, S. et al. Pneumonic plague protection induced by a monophosphoryl lipid A decorated Yersinia outer-membrane-vesicle vaccine. Small 20, e2307066 (2024).","journal-title":"Small"},{"key":"68334_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1128\/CVI.00561-13","volume":"21","author":"JC Nagaputra","year":"2014","unstructured":"Nagaputra, J. C. et al. Neisseria meningitidis native outer membrane vesicles containing different lipopolysaccharide glycoforms as adjuvants for meningococcal and nonmeningococcal antigens. Clin. Vaccin. Immunol. 21, 234\u2013242 (2014).","journal-title":"Clin. Vaccin. Immunol."},{"key":"68334_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/21645515.2021.2020043","volume":"18","author":"AE Deghmane","year":"2022","unstructured":"Deghmane, A. E. & Taha, M. K. Product review on the IMD serogroup B vaccine Bexsero(R). Hum. Vaccin Immunother. 18, 2020043 (2022).","journal-title":"Hum. Vaccin Immunother."},{"key":"68334_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1038\/nri1777","volume":"6","author":"MR Neutra","year":"2006","unstructured":"Neutra, M. R. & Kozlowski, P. A. Mucosal vaccines: the promise and the challenge. Nat. Rev. Immunol. 6, 148\u2013158 (2006).","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Immunol."},{"key":"68334_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1070","DOI":"10.1080\/21645515.2015.1114195","volume":"12","author":"F Su","year":"2016","unstructured":"Su, F., Patel, G. B., Hu, S. H. & Chen, W. X. Induction of mucosal immunity through systemic immunization: phantom or reality? Hum. Vacc. Immunother. 12, 1070\u20131079 (2016).","journal-title":"Hum. Vacc. Immunother."},{"key":"68334_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.abo2523","volume":"378","author":"T Mao","year":"2022","unstructured":"Mao, T. et al. Unadjuvanted intranasal spike vaccine elicits protective mucosal immunity against sarbecoviruses. Science 378, eabo2523 (2022).","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"68334_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1059","DOI":"10.1007\/s40264-015-0350-4","volume":"38","author":"N Petrovsky","year":"2015","unstructured":"Petrovsky, N. Comparative safety of vaccine adjuvants: a summary of current evidence and future needs. Drug Saf. 38, 1059\u20131074 (2015).","journal-title":"Drug Saf."},{"key":"68334_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1080\/21645515.2016.1239668","volume":"13","author":"H Yusuf","year":"2017","unstructured":"Yusuf, H. & Kett, V. Current prospects and future challenges for nasal vaccine delivery. Hum. Vaccin. Immunother. 13, 34\u201345 (2017).","journal-title":"Hum. Vaccin. Immunother."},{"key":"68334_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"362","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2004.05.035","volume":"23","author":"D Posthouwer","year":"2004","unstructured":"Posthouwer, D., Voorbij, H. A. M., Grobbee, D. E., Numans, M. E. & van der Bom, J. G. Influenza and pneumococcal vaccination as a model to assess C-reactive protein response to mild inflammation. Vaccine 23, 362\u2013365 (2004).","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"68334_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1520","DOI":"10.1128\/jb.90.6.1520-1524.1965","volume":"90","author":"LT Patterson","year":"1965","unstructured":"Patterson, L. T. & Higginbotham, R. D. Mouse C-reactive protein and endotoxin-induced resistance. J. Bacteriol. 90, 1520\u20131524 (1965).","journal-title":"J. Bacteriol."},{"key":"68334_CR24","first-page":"156","volume":"120","author":"KJ Davis","year":"1996","unstructured":"Davis, K. J. et al. Pathology of experimental pneumonic plague produced by fraction 1-positive and fraction 1-negative Yersinia pestis in African green monkeys (Cercopithecus aethiops). Arch. Pathol. Lab Med. 120, 156\u2013163 (1996).","journal-title":"Arch. Pathol. Lab Med."},{"key":"68334_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2563","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMc1010939","volume":"364","author":"KM Frank","year":"2011","unstructured":"Frank, K. M., Schneewind, O. & Shieh, W. J. Investigation of a researcher\u2019s death due to septicemic plague. N. Engl. J. Med. 364, 2563\u20132564 (2011).","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"68334_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2110166119","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2110166119","volume":"119","author":"S Das","year":"2022","unstructured":"Das, S. et al. Hemochromatosis drives acute lethal intestinal responses to hyperyersiniabactin-producing Yersinia pseudotuberculosis. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 119, e2110166119 (2022).","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"68334_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1465","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2001-11-0037","volume":"100","author":"RS Ajioka","year":"2002","unstructured":"Ajioka, R. S., Levy, J. E., Andrews, N. C. & Kushner, J. P. Regulation of iron absorption in Hfe mutant mice. Blood 100, 1465\u20131469 (2002).","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"68334_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1038\/s41590-018-0260-6","volume":"20","author":"SR Allie","year":"2019","unstructured":"Allie, S. R. et al. The establishment of resident memory B cells in the lung requires local antigen encounter. Nat. Immunol. 20, 97\u2013108 (2019).","journal-title":"Nat. Immunol."},{"key":"68334_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1038\/nprot.2014.005","volume":"9","author":"KG Anderson","year":"2014","unstructured":"Anderson, K. G. et al. Intravascular staining for discrimination of vascular and tissue leukocytes. Nat. Protoc. 9, 209\u2013222 (2014).","journal-title":"Nat. Protoc."},{"key":"68334_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.2200487","volume":"210","author":"AK Singh","year":"2023","unstructured":"Singh, A. K., Majumder, S., Wang, X., Song, R. & Sun, W. Lung resident memory T cells activated by oral vaccination afford comprehensive protection against Pneumonic Yersinia pestis infection. J. Immunol. 210, 259\u2013270 (2023).","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"68334_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zheng, M. Z. M. & Wakim, L. M. Tissue resident memory T cells in the respiratory tract. Mucosal Immunol. 15, 379\u2013388 (2022).","DOI":"10.1038\/s41385-021-00461-z"},{"key":"68334_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1038\/nri.2015.3","volume":"16","author":"SN Mueller","year":"2016","unstructured":"Mueller, S. N. & Mackay, L. K. Tissue-resident memory T cells: local specialists in immune defence. Nat. Rev. Immunol. 16, 79\u201389 (2016).","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Immunol."},{"key":"68334_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e170501","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI170501","volume":"133","author":"C Malainou","year":"2023","unstructured":"Malainou, C., Abdin, S. M., Lachmann, N., Matt, U. & Herold, S. Alveolar macrophages in tissu e homeostasis, inflammation, and infection: evolving concepts of therapeutic targeting. J. Clin. Invest. 133, e170501 (2023).","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest."},{"key":"68334_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"704","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1301687","volume":"192","author":"YJ Bi","year":"2014","unstructured":"Bi, Y. J. et al. IL-17A produced by neutrophils protects against pneumonic plague through orchestrating IFN-gamma-activated Macrophage programming. J. Immunol. 192, 704\u2013713 (2014).","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"68334_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5037","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.160.10.5037","volume":"160","author":"K Chiba","year":"1998","unstructured":"Chiba, K. et al. FTY720, a novel immunosuppressant, induces sequestration of circulating mature lymphocytes by acceleration of lymphocyte homing in rats. I. FTY720 selectively decreases the number of circulating mature lymphocytes by acceleration of lymphocyte homing. J. Immunol. 160, 5037\u20135044 (1998).","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"68334_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S34","DOI":"10.1016\/S0264-410X(02)00169-X","volume":"20","author":"H HogenEsch","year":"2002","unstructured":"HogenEsch, H. Mechanisms of stimulation of the immune response by aluminum adjuvants. Vaccine 20, S34\u2013S39 (2002).","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"68334_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"723","DOI":"10.1586\/14760584.6.5.723","volume":"6","author":"N Garcon","year":"2007","unstructured":"Garcon, N., Chomez, P. & Van Mechelen, M. GlaxoSmithKline adjuvant systems in vaccines: concepts, achievements and perspectives. Expert Rev. Vaccines 6, 723\u2013739 (2007).","journal-title":"Expert Rev. Vaccines"},{"key":"68334_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5937","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2006.06.005","volume":"24","author":"SL Giannini","year":"2006","unstructured":"Giannini, S. L. et al. Enhanced humoral and memory B cellular immunity using HPV16\/18 L1 VLP vaccine formulated with the MPL\/aluminium salt combination (AS04) compared to aluminium salt only. Vaccine 24, 5937\u20135949 (2006).","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"68334_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6186","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.0901474","volume":"183","author":"AM Didierlaurent","year":"2009","unstructured":"Didierlaurent, A. M. et al. AS04, an aluminum salt- and TLR4 agonist-based adjuvant system, induces a transient localized innate immune response leading to enhanced adaptive immunity. J. Immunol. 183, 6186\u20136197 (2009).","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"68334_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1038\/nri2510","volume":"9","author":"P Marrack","year":"2009","unstructured":"Marrack, P., McKee, A. S. & Munks, M. W. Towards an understanding of the adjuvant action of aluminium. Nat. Rev. Immunol. 9, 287\u2013293 (2009).","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Immunol."},{"key":"68334_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1914","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2010.03.010","volume":"47","author":"K Serre","year":"2010","unstructured":"Serre, K. et al. IL-4 directs both CD4 and CD8 T cells to produce Th2 cytokines in vitro, but only CD4 T cells produce these cytokines in response to alum-precipitated protein in vivo. Mol. Immunol. 47, 1914\u20131922 (2010).","journal-title":"Mol. Immunol."},{"key":"68334_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"705","DOI":"10.1002\/eji.201747150","volume":"48","author":"E Oleszycka","year":"2018","unstructured":"Oleszycka, E. et al. The vaccine adjuvant alum promotes IL-10 production that suppresses Th1 responses. Eur. J. Immunol. 48, 705\u2013715 (2018).","journal-title":"Eur. J. Immunol."},{"key":"68334_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5152","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.73.8.5152-5159.2005","volume":"73","author":"KA Overheim","year":"2005","unstructured":"Overheim, K. A. et al. LcrV plague vaccine with altered immunomodulatory properties. Infect. Immun. 73, 5152\u20135159 (2005).","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"key":"68334_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3021","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.63.8.3021-3029.1995","volume":"63","author":"R Nakajima","year":"1995","unstructured":"Nakajima, R., Motin, V. L. & Brubaker, R. R. Suppression of cytokines in mice by protein A-V antigen fusion peptide and restoration of synthesis by active immunization. Infect. Immun. 63, 3021\u20133029 (1995).","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"key":"68334_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3571","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.01644-06","volume":"75","author":"K Pouliot","year":"2007","unstructured":"Pouliot, K. et al. Evaluation of the role of LcrV-Toll-like receptor 2-mediated immunomodulation in the virulence of Yersinia pestis. Infect. Immun. 75, 3571\u20133580 (2007).","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"key":"68334_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5771","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.180.9.5771","volume":"180","author":"KN Couper","year":"2008","unstructured":"Couper, K. N., Blount, D. G. & Riley, E. M. IL-10: the master regulator of immunity to infection. J. Immunol. 180, 5771\u20135777 (2008).","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"68334_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1361","DOI":"10.3390\/vaccines12121361","volume":"12","author":"EK Hendrix","year":"2024","unstructured":"Hendrix, E. K. et al. The protective effect of IL-17A in pneumonic plague can be compensated by effective vaccines and immunization strategies in mice. Vaccines 12, 1361 (2024).","journal-title":"Vaccines"},{"key":"68334_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep13146","volume":"5","author":"WA Rose 2nd","year":"2015","unstructured":"Rose, W. A. 2nd, Okragly, A. J., Patel, C. N. & Benschop, R. J. IL-33 released by alum is responsible for early cytokine production and has adjuvant properties. Sci. Rep. 5, 13146 (2015).","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"68334_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1509","DOI":"10.1586\/14760584.2015.1081067","volume":"14","author":"L Zhang","year":"2015","unstructured":"Zhang, L., Wang, W. & Wang, S. X. Effect of vaccine administration modality on immunogenicity and efficacy. Expert Rev. Vaccines 14, 1509\u20131523 (2015).","journal-title":"Expert Rev. Vaccines"},{"key":"68334_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41541-024-00957-2","volume":"9","author":"RL Hajnik","year":"2024","unstructured":"Hajnik, R. L. et al. Broad protection and respiratory immunity of dual mRNA vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 variants. NPJ Vaccines 9, 160 (2024).","journal-title":"NPJ Vaccines"},{"key":"68334_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.201700426","volume":"5","author":"H Jiang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Jiang, H. et al. Turning the old adjuvant from gel to nanoparticles to amplify CD8(+) T cell responses. Adv. Sci. 5, 1700426 (2018).","journal-title":"Adv. Sci."},{"key":"68334_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1038\/s41578-021-00372-2","volume":"7","author":"GA Roth","year":"2022","unstructured":"Roth, G. A. et al. Designing spatial and temporal control of vaccine responses. Nat. Rev. Mater. 7, 174\u2013195 (2022).","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Mater."},{"key":"68334_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"eaal2094","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.aal2094","volume":"9","author":"F Liang","year":"2017","unstructured":"Liang, F. et al. Vaccine priming is restricted to draining lymph nodes and controlled by adjuvant-mediated antigen uptake. Sci. Transl. Med. 9, eaal2094 (2017).","journal-title":"Sci. Transl. Med."},{"key":"68334_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1038\/s41551-019-0378-3","volume":"3","author":"KE Lindsay","year":"2019","unstructured":"Lindsay, K. E. et al. Visualization of early events in mRNA vaccine delivery in non-human primates via PET-CT and near-infrared imaging. Nat. Biomed. Eng. 3, 371\u2013380 (2019).","journal-title":"Nat. Biomed. Eng."},{"key":"68334_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"808527","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.808527","volume":"12","author":"SA Nelson","year":"2021","unstructured":"Nelson, S. A. & Sant, A. J. Potentiating lung mucosal immunity through intranasal vaccination. Front. Immunol. 12, 808527 (2021).","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"68334_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e141810","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI141810","volume":"131","author":"KA Barker","year":"2021","unstructured":"Barker, K. A. et al. Lung-resident memory B cells protect against bacterial pneumonia. J. Clin. Invest. 131, e141810 (2021).","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest."},{"key":"68334_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1038\/s41577-021-00590-3","volume":"22","author":"L Kok","year":"2022","unstructured":"Kok, L., Masopust, D. & Schumacher, T. N. The precursors of CD8(+) tissue resident memory T cells: from lymphoid organs to infected tissues. Nat. Rev. Immunol. 22, 283\u2013293 (2022).","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Immunol."},{"key":"68334_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e166827","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI166827","volume":"133","author":"A Kawai","year":"2023","unstructured":"Kawai, A. et al. Intranasal immunization with an RBD-hemagglutinin fusion protein harnesses preexisting immunity to enhance antigen-specific responses. J. Clin. Invest. 133, e166827 (2023).","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest."},{"key":"68334_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2021.12.004","volume":"30","author":"A Tauzin","year":"2022","unstructured":"Tauzin, A. et al. Strong humoral immune responses against SARS-CoV-2 Spike after BNT162b2 mRNA vaccination with a 16-week interval between doses. Cell Host Microbe 30, 97\u2013109.e105 (2022).","journal-title":"Cell Host Microbe"},{"key":"68334_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e00296-19","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.00296-19","volume":"87","author":"AK Singh","year":"2019","unstructured":"Singh, A. K., Curtiss, R. 3rd & Sun, W. A. A Recombinant Attenuated Yersinia pseudotuberculosis vaccine delivering a Y. pestis YopENt138-LcrV fusion elicits broad protection against plague and yersiniosis in mice. Infect. Immun. 87, e00296-19 (2019).","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"key":"68334_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2013.00114","volume":"4","author":"S Awate","year":"2013","unstructured":"Awate, S., Babiuk, L. A. & Mutwiri, G. Mechanisms of action of adjuvants. Front. Immunol. 4, 114 (2013).","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"68334_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"896","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa030595","volume":"350","author":"M Mutsch","year":"2004","unstructured":"Mutsch, M. et al. Use of the inactivated intranasal influenza vaccine and the risk of Bell\u2019s palsy in Switzerland. N. Engl. J. Med. 350, 896\u2013903 (2004).","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"68334_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"468","DOI":"10.1128\/CVI.05591-11","volume":"19","author":"P Fellows","year":"2012","unstructured":"Fellows, P. et al. Establishment of a Swiss Webster mouse model of pneumonic plague to meet essential data elements under the animal rule. Clin. Vaccin. Immunol. 19, 468\u2013476 (2012).","journal-title":"Clin. Vaccin. Immunol."},{"key":"68334_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2010.00119","volume":"1","author":"MB Lawrenz","year":"2010","unstructured":"Lawrenz, M. B. Model systems to study plague pathogenesis and develop new therapeutics. Front. Microbiol. 1, 119 (2010).","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"68334_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/iai.00165-22","volume":"90","author":"S Majumder","year":"2022","unstructured":"Majumder, S. et al. Protection induced by oral vaccination with a recombinant Yersinia pseudotuberculosis delivering Yersinia pestis LcrV and F1 antigens in mice and rats against pneumonic plague. Infect. Immun. 90, e0016522 (2022).","journal-title":"Infect. Immun."},{"key":"68334_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3589","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2023.05.011","volume":"41","author":"E Kehagia","year":"2023","unstructured":"Kehagia, E., Papakyriakopoulou, P. & Valsami, G. Advances in intranasal vaccine delivery: a promising non-invasive route of immunization. Vaccine 41, 3589\u20133603 (2023).","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"68334_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5708","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2019.07.103","volume":"37","author":"W Bowen","year":"2019","unstructured":"Bowen, W. et al. Robust Th1 cellular and humoral responses generated by the Yersinia pestis rF1-V subunit vaccine formulated to contain an agonist of the CD137 pathway do not translate into increased protection against pneumonic plague. Vaccine 37, 5708\u20135716 (2019).","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"68334_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2024.1397579","volume":"15","author":"ML Davies","year":"2024","unstructured":"Davies, M. L. et al. Sex differences in immune protection in mice conferred by heterologous vaccines for pneumonic plague. Front. Immunol. 15, 1397579 (2024).","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."}],"container-title":["Nature Communications"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41467-026-68334-2","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41467-026-68334-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41467-026-68334-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,13]],"date-time":"2026-02-13T15:03:35Z","timestamp":1770995015000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41467-026-68334-2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,13]]},"references-count":68,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["68334"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41467-026-68334-2","relation":{},"ISSN":["2041-1723"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2041-1723","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,13]]},"assertion":[{"value":"11 April 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"22 December 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"13 January 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"1624"}}