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Although VL is characterised by organ-specific immunopathology and parasitism of the spleen, liver and bone marrow, other tissues may harbour parasites without overt pathology. The mechanisms governing patterns of within-host dissemination and tissue tropism are largely unknown. Here, we use a barcoded library of isogenic\n                    <jats:italic>L. donovani<\/jats:italic>\n                    and an ecological analysis framework, to evaluate parasite population diversity across tissues and to map parasite dissemination in a murine infection model. We reveal an unexpected high degree of inter-connectivity between parasite populations demonstrating: i) continual bi-directional dissemination between viscera and skin; ii) the existence of super-seeder sites that act as hubs fuelling systemic spread; and iii) rerouting of dominant dissemination routes or highways following immune perturbation. These findings change our understanding of\n                    <jats:italic>L. donovani<\/jats:italic>\n                    pathogenesis, providing critical insights into infection dynamics, with implications for relapse, treatment failure and transmission.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-026-77072-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T09:36:01Z","timestamp":1787736961000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Bi-directional highways and super-seeder tissues underpin parasite dissemination in experimental Leishmania donovani infection"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2538-690X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ciara","family":"Loughrey","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2116-6379","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juliana B. 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