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Pathogenesis of periodontitis is marked by microbiota dysbiosis and disrupted host responses.\n                    <jats:italic>Porphyromonas gingivalis<\/jats:italic>\n                    is a keystone pathogen of periodontitis which expresses various crucial virulence factors. This study aimed to clarify the role and mechanisms of\n                    <jats:italic>P. gingivalis<\/jats:italic>\n                    tryptophan-indole metabolic pathway in the pathogenesis of periodontitis. This study showed that periodontitis patients exhibited elevated tryptophan metabolism and salivary pathogen abundance. Tryptophanase gene-deficiency altered proteome and metabolome of\n                    <jats:italic>P. gingivalis<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:italic>,<\/jats:italic>\n                    inhibited\n                    <jats:italic>P. gingivalis<\/jats:italic>\n                    virulent factors expression, biofilm growth, hemin utilization, cell adhesion\/invasion and pro-inflammation ability. Tryptophan-indole pathway of\n                    <jats:italic>P. gingivalis<\/jats:italic>\n                    stimulated periodontitis biofilm formation and induced oral microbiota dysbiosis. In periodontitis mice, this pathway of\n                    <jats:italic>P. gingivalis<\/jats:italic>\n                    aggravated alveolar bone loss and gingival tissue destruction, causing oral and gut microbiota dysbiosis. This study indicates that the tryptophan-indole pathway serves as a significant regulator of\n                    <jats:italic>P. gingivalis<\/jats:italic>\n                    virulence and oral microbiota dysbiosis, which is also associated with gut dysbiosis.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41522-025-00669-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,26]],"date-time":"2025-02-26T19:59:58Z","timestamp":1740599998000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":36,"title":["Regulation of tryptophan-indole metabolic pathway in Porphyromonas gingivalis virulence and microbiota dysbiosis in periodontitis"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Jing","family":"Ding","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lingping","family":"Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lingzhi","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jinyu","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yong","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zongshan","family":"Shen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chi","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chuanjiang","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"669_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.it.2013.09.001","volume":"35","author":"G Hajishengallis","year":"2014","unstructured":"Hajishengallis, G. 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