{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,9]],"date-time":"2026-11-09T04:33:09Z","timestamp":1794198789062,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,18]],"date-time":"2025-12-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1766016000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,18]],"date-time":"2025-12-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1766016000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"Zhengzhou Science and Technology Beneficiary Program Project","award":["2022KJHM0004"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022KJHM0004"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002858","name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["2024T170246"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024T170246"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002858","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Open Grant from the Pingyuan Laboratory","award":["2023PY-OP-0202"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023PY-OP-0202"]}]},{"name":"Open Project of Henan Province Engineering Research Center of Diagnosis and Treatment of Pediatric Infection and Critical Care","award":["ERC202302"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ERC202302"]}]},{"name":"Open Project of Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity of Anhui Higher Education Institutes","award":["I&I-2024-R01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["I&I-2024-R01"]}]},{"name":"Open Project of Key Laboratory of Children's Disease Research in Guangxi's Colleges and Universities","award":["GXCDR202401"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GXCDR202401"]}]},{"name":"Program for Innovative Talents in Higher Education Institutions of Henan Province","award":["25HASTIT055"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["25HASTIT055"]}]},{"name":"Outstanding Youth Science Foundation of Henan Province","award":["252300421122"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["252300421122"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["npj Biofilms Microbiomes"],"DOI":"10.1038\/s41522-025-00859-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,18]],"date-time":"2025-12-18T14:48:52Z","timestamp":1766069332000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Multi-omics analysis of host airway responses in pediatric Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia reveals potential mechanisms of disease exacerbation caused by co-infection"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Zijie","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chunbo","family":"Hao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gaijing","family":"Jia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qiujing","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qingmei","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yang","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wangquan","family":"Ji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuanfang","family":"Shen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fang","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yaodong","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhipeng","family":"Jin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adong","family":"Shen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuefei","family":"Jin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guangcai","family":"Duan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"859_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e744","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(18)30247-X","volume":"6","author":"B Wahl","year":"2018","unstructured":"Wahl, B. et al. Burden of Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae type b disease in children in the era of conjugate vaccines: global, regional, and national estimates for 2000-15. Lancet Glob. Health 6, e744\u2013e757 (2018).","journal-title":"Lancet Glob. Health"},{"key":"859_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1508","DOI":"10.1080\/22221751.2022.2078228","volume":"11","author":"X Wang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Wang, X. et al. Mycoplasma pneumoniae triggers pneumonia epidemic in autumn and winter in Beijing: a multicentre, population-based epidemiological study between 2015 and 2020. Emerg. Microbes Infect. 11, 1508\u20131517 (2022).","journal-title":"Emerg. Microbes Infect."},{"key":"859_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"835","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1405870","volume":"372","author":"S Jain","year":"2015","unstructured":"Jain, S. et al. Community-acquired pneumonia requiring hospitalization among U.S. children. N. Engl. J. Med. 372, 835\u2013845 (2015).","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"859_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0246324","DOI":"10.1128\/spectrum.02463-24","volume":"13","author":"C Li","year":"2025","unstructured":"Li, C. et al. Navigating the outbreak: a comprehensive analysis of pediatric Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia via targeted next-generation sequencing in Wuhan, 2022-2023. Microbiol. Spectr. 13, e0246324 (2025).","journal-title":"Microbiol. Spectr."},{"key":"859_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"697","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.17.4.697-728.2004","volume":"17","author":"KB Waites","year":"2004","unstructured":"Waites, K. B. & Talkington, D. F. Mycoplasma pneumoniae and its role as a human pathogen. Clin. Microbiol. Rev. 17, 697\u2013728 (2004).","journal-title":"Clin. Microbiol. Rev."},{"key":"859_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"815","DOI":"10.1165\/rcmb.2011-0135OC","volume":"46","author":"JL Medina","year":"2012","unstructured":"Medina, J. L. et al. Mycoplasma pneumoniae CARDS toxin induces pulmonary eosinophilic and lymphocytic inflammation. Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol. 46, 815\u2013822 (2012).","journal-title":"Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol."},{"key":"859_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1384","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268818000778","volume":"146","author":"X Zhang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Zhang, X. et al. Viral and bacterial co-infection in hospitalised children with refractory Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia. Epidemiol. Infect. 146, 1384\u20131388 (2018).","journal-title":"Epidemiol. Infect."},{"key":"859_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1337786","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2024.1337786","volume":"12","author":"Q Chen","year":"2024","unstructured":"Chen, Q., Lin, L., Zhang, N. & Yang, Y. Adenovirus and Mycoplasma pneumoniae co-infection as a risk factor for severe community-acquired pneumonia in children. Front. Pediatr. 12, 1337786 (2024).","journal-title":"Front. Pediatr."},{"key":"859_CR9","first-page":"15666","volume":"8","author":"Q Song","year":"2015","unstructured":"Song, Q., Xu, B. P. & Shen, K. L. Effects of bacterial and viral co-infections of mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia in children: analysis report from Beijing Children\u2019s Hospital between 2010 and 2014. Int. J. Clin. Exp. Med. 8, 15666\u201315674 (2015).","journal-title":"Int. J. Clin. Exp. Med."},{"key":"859_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1437","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-024-04854-3","volume":"43","author":"S Fu","year":"2024","unstructured":"Fu, S. et al. Risk factors for pneumonia among children with coinfection of influenza A virus and Mycoplasma pneumoniae. Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. 43, 1437\u20131444 (2024).","journal-title":"Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"859_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-020-05356-1","volume":"20","author":"Y Zhou","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zhou, Y. et al. Impact of viral coinfection and macrolide-resistant mycoplasma infection in children with refractory Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia. BMC Infect. Dis. 20, 633 (2020).","journal-title":"BMC Infect. Dis."},{"key":"859_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Thibeault, C., Suttorp, N. & Opitz, B. The microbiota in pneumonia: from protection to predisposition. Sci. Transl. Med. 13, eaba0501 (2021).","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.aba0501"},{"key":"859_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2640","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2018.02640","volume":"9","author":"S Hanada","year":"2018","unstructured":"Hanada, S., Pirzadeh, M., Carver, K. Y. & Deng, J. C. Respiratory viral infection-induced microbiome alterations and secondary bacterial pneumonia. Front. Immunol. 9, 2640 (2018).","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"859_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1186\/s13052-024-01661-6","volume":"50","author":"X Yi","year":"2024","unstructured":"Yi, X., Jia, W., Li, W., Jia, C. & Song, C. Diagnostic value of cytokines in severe childhood Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia combined with Adenovirus infection. Ital. J. Pediatr. 50, 92 (2024).","journal-title":"Ital. J. Pediatr."},{"key":"859_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0002622","DOI":"10.1128\/spectrum.00026-22","volume":"10","author":"F Li","year":"2022","unstructured":"Li, F. et al. Mycoplasma pneumoniae and adenovirus coinfection cause pediatric severe community-acquired pneumonia. Microbiol. Spectr. 10, e0002622 (2022).","journal-title":"Microbiol. Spectr."},{"key":"859_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-018-2982-3","volume":"18","author":"J Yu","year":"2018","unstructured":"Yu, J. et al. Comparison of the prevalence of respiratory viruses in patients with acute respiratory infections at different hospital settings in North China, 2012-2015. BMC Infect. Dis. 18, 72 (2018).","journal-title":"BMC Infect. Dis."},{"key":"859_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2770","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.p2770","volume":"383","author":"MK Looi","year":"2023","unstructured":"Looi, M. K. China: rising cases of respiratory disease and pneumonia spark WHO concern. BMJ 383, 2770 (2023).","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"859_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e943312","DOI":"10.12659\/MSM.943312","volume":"29","author":"DV Parums","year":"2023","unstructured":"Parums, D. V. Editorial: Outbreaks of post-pandemic childhood pneumonia and the re-emergence of endemic respiratory infections. Med. Sci. Monit. 29, e943312 (2023).","journal-title":"Med. Sci. Monit."},{"key":"859_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-020-05152-x","volume":"20","author":"J Gao","year":"2020","unstructured":"Gao, J., Xu, L., Xu, B., Xie, Z. & Shen, K. Human adenovirus Coinfection aggravates the severity of Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia in children. BMC Infect. Dis. 20, 420 (2020).","journal-title":"BMC Infect. Dis."},{"key":"859_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-83654-7","volume":"11","author":"Y Cai","year":"2021","unstructured":"Cai, Y. et al. Correlation between early features and prognosis of symptomatic COVID-19 discharged patients in Hunan, China. Sci. Rep. 11, 4304 (2021).","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"859_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1038\/s41580-019-0108-4","volume":"20","author":"MM Rinschen","year":"2019","unstructured":"Rinschen, M. M., Ivanisevic, J., Giera, M. & Siuzdak, G. Identification of bioactive metabolites using activity metabolomics. Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol. 20, 353\u2013367 (2019).","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol."},{"key":"859_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1939","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI40124","volume":"120","author":"H Kono","year":"2010","unstructured":"Kono, H., Chen, C. J., Ontiveros, F. & Rock, K. L. Uric acid promotes an acute inflammatory response to sterile cell death in mice. J. Clin. Invest. 120, 1939\u20131949 (2010).","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest."},{"key":"859_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1038","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2023.05.011","volume":"31","author":"K Kasahara","year":"2023","unstructured":"Kasahara, K. et al. Gut bacterial metabolism contributes to host global purine homeostasis. Cell Host Microbe 31, 1038\u20131053.e1010 (2023).","journal-title":"Cell Host Microbe"},{"key":"859_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1038\/nature04516","volume":"440","author":"F Martinon","year":"2006","unstructured":"Martinon, F., Petrilli, V., Mayor, A., Tardivel, A. & Tschopp, J. Gout-associated uric acid crystals activate the NALP3 inflammasome. Nature 440, 237\u2013241 (2006).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"859_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e4039","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciaa1258","volume":"73","author":"ASM Dofferhoff","year":"2021","unstructured":"Dofferhoff, A. S. M. et al. Reduced vitamin K status as a potentially modifiable risk factor of severe coronavirus disease 2019. Clin. Infect. Dis. 73, e4039\u2013e4046 (2021).","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"859_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Linneberg, A. et al. The association of low vitamin K status with mortality in a cohort of 138 hospitalized patients with COVID-19. Nutrients 13, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/nu13061985 (2021).","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13061985"},{"key":"859_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"154286","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2022.154286","volume":"104","author":"J Manochkumar","year":"2022","unstructured":"Manochkumar, J., Singh, A., Efferth, T. & Ramamoorthy, S. Untapping the protective role of carotenoids against respiratory diseases. Phytomedicine 104, 154286 (2022).","journal-title":"Phytomedicine"},{"key":"859_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-022-00974-4","volume":"7","author":"K Hou","year":"2022","unstructured":"Hou, K. et al. Microbiota in health and diseases. Signal Transduct. Target Ther. 7, 135 (2022).","journal-title":"Signal Transduct. Target Ther."},{"key":"859_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1582","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201703-0554OC","volume":"196","author":"A Bosch","year":"2017","unstructured":"Bosch, A. et al. Maturation of the infant respiratory microbiota, environmental drivers, and health consequences. A prospective cohort study. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 196, 1582\u20131590 (2017).","journal-title":"Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med."},{"key":"859_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1186\/s12985-025-02666-1","volume":"22","author":"H Zhang","year":"2025","unstructured":"Zhang, H. et al. Antiviral treatment for viral pneumonia: current drugs and natural compounds. Virol. J. 22, 62 (2025).","journal-title":"Virol. J."},{"key":"859_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2491","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2019.02491","volume":"10","author":"L Gu","year":"2019","unstructured":"Gu, L. et al. Dynamic changes in the microbiome and mucosal immune microenvironment of the lower respiratory tract by influenza virus infection. Front. Microbiol. 10, 2491 (2019).","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"859_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Wang, H. et al. Effect of mixed probiotics on alleviating H1N1 influenza infection and regulating gut microbiota. Foods 13, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/foods13193079 (2024).","DOI":"10.3390\/foods13193079"},{"key":"859_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2325067","DOI":"10.1080\/19490976.2024.2325067","volume":"16","author":"S Heumel","year":"2024","unstructured":"Heumel, S. et al. Shotgun metagenomics and systemic targeted metabolomics highlight indole-3-propionic acid as a protective gut microbial metabolite against influenza infection. Gut Microbes 16, 2325067 (2024).","journal-title":"Gut Microbes"},{"key":"859_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Choi, D. et al. Oral administration of Limosilactobacillus reuteri KBL346 ameliorates influenza virus A\/PR8 infection in mouse. Probiotics Antimicrob. Proteins https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s12602-024-10301-8 (2024).","DOI":"10.1007\/s12602-024-10301-8"},{"key":"859_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1279","DOI":"10.1038\/s41590-019-0451-9","volume":"20","author":"TP Wypych","year":"2019","unstructured":"Wypych, T. P., Wickramasinghe, L. C. & Marsland, B. J. The influence of the microbiome on respiratory health. Nat. Immunol. 20, 1279\u20131290 (2019).","journal-title":"Nat. Immunol."},{"key":"859_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-017-01803-x","volume":"8","author":"RL Brown","year":"2017","unstructured":"Brown, R. L., Sequeira, R. P. & Clarke, T. B. The microbiota protects against respiratory infection via GM-CSF signaling. Nat. Commun. 8, 1512 (2017).","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"859_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-51169-0","volume":"15","author":"T Nicola","year":"2024","unstructured":"Nicola, T. et al. A lactobacilli-based inhaled live biotherapeutic product attenuates pulmonary neutrophilic inflammation. Nat. Commun. 15, 7113 (2024).","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"859_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9340","DOI":"10.1002\/fsn3.4462","volume":"12","author":"AY Aregbe","year":"2024","unstructured":"Aregbe, A. Y., Boasiako, T. A., Xiong, Y., Rahman, M. H. & Ma, Y. Probiotic Lactobacillus plantarumLP28 and Saccharomyces cerevisiae improve the bioactive content and quality of fruit-based rice beverage. Food Sci. Nutr. 12, 9340\u20139352 (2024).","journal-title":"Food Sci. Nutr."},{"key":"859_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12935-023-03114-2","volume":"23","author":"J Smajdor","year":"2023","unstructured":"Smajdor, J. et al. The impact of gut bacteria producing long chain homologs of vitamin K(2) on colorectal carcinogenesis. Cancer Cell Int. 23, 268 (2023).","journal-title":"Cancer Cell Int."},{"key":"859_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"673","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmii.2020.03.030","volume":"54","author":"YC Lee","year":"2021","unstructured":"Lee, Y. C. et al. Altered chemokine profile in refractory Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia infected children. J. Microbiol. Immunol. Infect. 54, 673\u2013679 (2021).","journal-title":"J. Microbiol. Immunol. Infect."},{"key":"859_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6425","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.26429","volume":"233","author":"A Shapouri-Moghaddam","year":"2018","unstructured":"Shapouri-Moghaddam, A. et al. Macrophage plasticity, polarization, and function in health and disease. J. Cell Physiol. 233, 6425\u20136440 (2018).","journal-title":"J. Cell Physiol."},{"key":"859_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.35.2.140","volume":"35","author":"JM Kaufman","year":"1980","unstructured":"Kaufman, J. M., Cuvelier, C. A. & Van der Straeten, M. Mycoplasma pneumonia with fulminant evolution into diffuse interstitial fibrosis. Thorax 35, 140\u2013144 (1980).","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"key":"859_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(85)90021-X","volume":"79","author":"OC Tablan","year":"1985","unstructured":"Tablan, O. C. & Reyes, M. P. Chronic interstitial pulmonary fibrosis following Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia. Am. J. Med. 79, 268\u2013270 (1985).","journal-title":"Am. J. Med."},{"key":"859_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"L125","DOI":"10.1152\/ajplung.00167.2004","volume":"289","author":"HW Chu","year":"2005","unstructured":"Chu, H. W. et al. Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection increases airway collagen deposition in a murine model of allergic airway inflammation. Am. J. Physiol. Lung Cell Mol. Physiol. 289, L125\u2013L133 (2005).","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Lung Cell Mol. Physiol."},{"key":"859_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1825","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2019010068","volume":"30","author":"L Xu","year":"2019","unstructured":"Xu, L., Sharkey, D. & Cantley, L. G. Tubular GM-CSF promotes late MCP-1\/CCR2-mediated fibrosis and inflammation after ischemia\/reperfusion injury. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 30, 1825\u20131840 (2019).","journal-title":"J. Am. Soc. Nephrol."},{"key":"859_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"739","DOI":"10.1038\/s12276-022-00781-5","volume":"54","author":"SM Kim","year":"2022","unstructured":"Kim, S. M. et al. Hyaluronan synthase 2, a target of miR-200c, promotes carbon tetrachloride-induced acute and chronic liver inflammation via regulation of CCL3 and CCL4. Exp. Mol. Med. 54, 739\u2013752 (2022).","journal-title":"Exp. Mol. Med."},{"key":"859_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"155380","DOI":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2022.155380","volume":"140","author":"Y Wang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Wang, Y. et al. Hepatocyte Ninjurin2 promotes hepatic stellate cell activation and liver fibrosis through the IGF1R\/EGR1\/PDGF-BB signaling pathway. Metabolism 140, 155380 (2023).","journal-title":"Metabolism"},{"key":"859_CR48","unstructured":"National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China. Guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia in children (2023 Edition). https:\/\/www.gov.cn\/zhengce\/zhengceku\/2023-02\/16\/content_5741770.htm (2023)."},{"key":"859_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Intensivists, C. S. o. P. Clinical practice guidelines for bronchoalveolar lavage in Chinese children. Chin. J. Contemp. Pediatr. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7499\/j.issn.1008-8830.2308072 (2024).","DOI":"10.7499\/j.issn.1008-8830.2308072"},{"key":"859_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Sun, Y. et al. Indoor microbiome, microbial and plant metabolites, chemical compounds, and asthma symptoms in junior high school students: a multicentre association study in Malaysia. Eur. Respir. J. 60 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1183\/13993003.00260-2022 (2022).","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.00260-2022"},{"key":"859_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2251646","DOI":"10.1080\/19490976.2023.2251646","volume":"15","author":"Y Wang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Wang, Y. et al. Ring1a protects against colitis through regulating mucosal immune system and colonic microbial ecology. Gut Microbes 15, 2251646 (2023).","journal-title":"Gut Microbes"}],"container-title":["npj Biofilms and Microbiomes"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41522-025-00859-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41522-025-00859-8","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41522-025-00859-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,18]],"date-time":"2025-12-18T16:03:22Z","timestamp":1766073802000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41522-025-00859-8"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,18]]},"references-count":51,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["859"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41522-025-00859-8","relation":{},"ISSN":["2055-5008"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2055-5008","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,18]]},"assertion":[{"value":"11 July 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"3 November 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"18 December 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"230"}}