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This study investigated AD comorbidity in the prodromal and symptomatic phases of LBD by analyzing plasma biomarkers in patients with Parkinson\u2019s disease (PD) and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) and individuals at risk of LBD (NaT-PROBE cohort). Patients with PD (PD group, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200984) and DLB (DLB group, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200916) and individuals with LBD with\u2009\u2265\u20092 (high-risk group, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200982) and without (low-risk group, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200937) prodromal symptoms were enrolled. Plasma amyloid-beta (A\u03b2) composite was measured using immunoprecipitation-mass spectrometry assays. Plasma phosphorylated tau 181 (p-tau181), neurofilament light chain (NfL), and alpha-synuclein (aSyn) were measured using a single-molecule array. Plasma p-tau181 levels were higher in the PD and DLB groups than in the low-risk group. A\u03b2 composite level was higher in the DLB group than in the high-risk group. AD-related biomarker levels were not elevated in the high-risk group. NfL levels were higher in the high-risk, PD, and DLB groups than in the low-risk group. In the PD group, A\u03b2 composite was associated with cognitive function, p-tau181 with motor function and non-motor symptoms, and NfL with cognitive and motor functions and non-motor symptoms. In the high-risk group, NfL was associated with metaiodobenzylguanidine scintigraphy abnormalities. The PD and DLB groups exhibited comorbid AD neuropathology, though not in the prodromal phase. Elevated plasma NfL levels, even without elevated AD-related plasma biomarker levels, may indicate aSyn-induced neurodegeneration in the LBD prodromal phase.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41531-024-00745-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,31]],"date-time":"2024-07-31T10:02:47Z","timestamp":1722420167000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Plasma biomarkers of neurodegeneration in patients and high risk subjects with Lewy body disease"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0134-2956","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Keita","family":"Hiraga","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Makoto","family":"Hattori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuki","family":"Satake","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daigo","family":"Tamakoshi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Taiki","family":"Fukushima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takashi","family":"Uematsu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5042-3181","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Takashi","family":"Tsuboi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maki","family":"Sato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katsunori","family":"Yokoi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Keisuke","family":"Suzuki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yutaka","family":"Arahata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yukihiko","family":"Washimi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Akihiro","family":"Hori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masayuki","family":"Yamamoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hideaki","family":"Shimizu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masakazu","family":"Wakai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Harutsugu","family":"Tatebe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takahiko","family":"Tokuda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Akinori","family":"Nakamura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shumpei","family":"Niida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9453-9311","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Masahisa","family":"Katsuno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"745_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"896","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(14)61393-3","volume":"386","author":"LV Kalia","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kalia, L. 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