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Here, we investigated whether the primary catechin of green tea, epigallocatechin\u20113\u2011gallate (EGCG), could attenuate this neuropathology. Epidemiological analysis of UK Biobank adults with obesity provided an initial clue, showing a positive linear trend between green tea intake and hippocampal volume (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.07). To elucidate the underlying mechanisms, we administered a human\u2011achievable dose of EGCG (50\u2009mg\/kg) to high\u2011fat diet-fed mice. EGCG treatment significantly reduced body weight and inflammatory signaling while improving insulin sensitivity, attenuating hippocampal atrophy, and mitigating cognitive deficits. Mechanistically, EGCG rescued synaptic structural integrity by suppressing the pro-inflammatory JNK pathway, restoring hippocampal insulin signaling (IRS1\/Akt), and stimulating neuronal autophagy through the AMPK\/mTOR\/ULK1 axis. Together, these data provide translational evidence that EGCG counteracts obesity-linked neurodegeneration by linking metabolic health to hippocampal integrity through the inflammation\u2013insulin\u2013autophagy axis, motivating dietary trials to mitigate cognitive impairment.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41538-026-00914-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T18:15:14Z","timestamp":1780596914000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Green tea catechin EGCG attenuates hippocampal atrophy and cognitive impairment in obesity via autophagy signaling"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Kunyi","family":"Huang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xin","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yujie","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yiyun","family":"Qi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Weiying","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jia Ee","family":"Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jia Ying","family":"Chan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiashuo","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fangyi","family":"Hao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiayi","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuting","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhenzhen","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaojun","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qi","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhiwei","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"914_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1186\/s43556-025-00264-9","volume":"6","author":"Y Kong","year":"2025","unstructured":"Kong, Y. et al. 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