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In this study, Sg at 2, 4, and 8\u2009g\/kg was found to dose-dependently mitigate dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis in mice, restore mucosal barrier integrity by upregulating tight junction proteins and enhancing mucin secretion, and reduce serum levels of IL-1\u03b2, TNF-\u03b1, and IL-6. Integrative analysis of full-length 16S rRNA gene sequencing, transcriptomics, and metabolomics data revealed that Sg reshaped gut microbiota, selectively enriching\n                    <jats:italic>Ligilactobacillus animalis<\/jats:italic>\n                    while depleting\n                    <jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>Proteus vulgaris<\/jats:italic>\n                    . We identified 8 microbiota-derived metabolites correlated with\n                    <jats:italic>Ligilactobacillus animalis<\/jats:italic>\n                    abundance, among which 2,3-dihydroxybenzoic acid (2,3-DHBA) exhibited the strongest protective effect against DSS-induced NCM460 cell damage. Mechanistic studies indicated that 2,3-DHBA effectively inhibited the IL-6\/SOCS3 pathway and restored tight junction protein expression, effects that were reversed by exogenous IL-6. These findings demonstrate that Sg enriches for\n                    <jats:italic>Ligilactobacillus animalis<\/jats:italic>\n                    and its metabolite 2,3-DHBA, which suppresses IL-6-driven inflammation and repairs mucosal damage, supporting its potential as a microbiome-targeted dietary adjunct for UC.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41538-026-00968-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T22:23:18Z","timestamp":1782944598000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Sarcandra glabra alleviates intestinal injury via modulating gut microbiota and suppressing the IL-6\/SOCS3 signaling pathway"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Shaowei","family":"Huang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaomei","family":"Chi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Siting","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xinyi","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dedian","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenbin","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiayi","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lixia","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hua","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"968_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-025-02345-1","volume":"11","author":"J Jia","year":"2026","unstructured":"Jia, J. et al. 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