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As no veterinary vaccines against JEV are approved in Australia and all current approved human and veterinary vaccines are derived from genotype (G) III JEV strains, we used the recently described insect-specific Binjari virus (BinJV) chimeric flavivirus vaccine technology to produce a JEV GIV vaccine candidate. Herein we describe the production of a chimeric virus displaying the structural prM and E proteins of a JEV GIV isolate obtained from a stillborn piglet (JEV\n                    <jats:sub>NSW\/22<\/jats:sub>\n                    ) in the genomic backbone of BinJV (BinJ\/JEV\n                    <jats:sub>NSW\/22-<\/jats:sub>\n                    prME). BinJ\/JEV\n                    <jats:sub>NSW\/22-<\/jats:sub>\n                    prME was shown to be antigenically indistinguishable from the JEV\n                    <jats:sub>NSW\/22<\/jats:sub>\n                    parental virus by K\n                    <jats:sub>D<\/jats:sub>\n                    analysis and a panel of JEV-reactive monoclonal antibodies in ELISA. BinJ\/JEV\n                    <jats:sub>NSW\/22-<\/jats:sub>\n                    prME replicated efficiently in C6\/36 cells, reaching titres of &gt;10\n                    <jats:sup>7<\/jats:sup>\n                    infectious units\/mL - an important attribute for vaccine manufacture. As expected, BinJ\/JEV\n                    <jats:sub>NSW\/22-<\/jats:sub>\n                    prME failed to replicate in a variety of vertebrate cells lines. When used to immunise mice, the vaccine induced a potent virus neutralising response against JEV\n                    <jats:sub>NSW\/22<\/jats:sub>\n                    and to GII and GIII JEV strains. The BinJ\/JEV\n                    <jats:sub>NSW\/22-<\/jats:sub>\n                    prME vaccine provided complete protection against lethal challenge with JEV\n                    <jats:sub>NSW\/22<\/jats:sub>\n                    , whilst also providing partial protection against viraemia and disease for the related Murray Valley encephalitis virus. Our results demonstrate that BinJ\/JEV\n                    <jats:sub>NSW\/22-<\/jats:sub>\n                    prME is a promising vaccine candidate against JEV.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41541-024-00903-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,31]],"date-time":"2024-07-31T15:21:40Z","timestamp":1722439300000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["A chimeric vaccine derived from Australian genotype IV Japanese encephalitis virus protects mice from lethal challenge"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3577-9910","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jessica J.","family":"Harrison","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wilson","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4423-1252","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mahali S.","family":"Morgan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bing","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5858-0421","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gervais","family":"Habarugira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Henry","family":"de Malmanche","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Morgan E.","family":"Freney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Naphak","family":"Modhiran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5957-2853","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel","family":"Watterson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6685-3960","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abigail L.","family":"Cox","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kexin","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7406-8102","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicholas K. Y.","family":"Yuen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dylan H.","family":"Bowman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter D.","family":"Kirkland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5332-5445","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Helle","family":"Bielefeldt-Ohmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8986-9025","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andreas","family":"Suhrbier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5778-1387","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roy A.","family":"Hall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7248-0101","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel J.","family":"Rawle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0139-9829","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jody","family":"Hobson-Peters","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"903_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Halstead, S., Hills, S. & Dubischar, K. 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Flavivirus isolations from mosquitoes collected from Saibai Island in the Torres Strait, Australia, during an incursion of Japanese encephalitis virus. Med. Vet. Entomol. 18, 281\u2013287 (2004).","journal-title":"Med. Vet. Entomol"},{"key":"903_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"747","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2001.65.747","volume":"65","author":"AT Pyke","year":"2001","unstructured":"Pyke, A. T. et al. The appearance of a second genotype of Japanese encephalitis virus in the Australasian region. Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. 65, 747\u2013753 (2001).","journal-title":"Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg."},{"key":"903_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2006.75.21","volume":"75","author":"AF Van Den Hurk","year":"2006","unstructured":"Van Den Hurk, A. F. et al. Short report: the first isolation of Japanese encephalitis virus from mosquitoes collected from mainland Australia. Am J Trop. Med. Hyg. 75, 21\u201325 (2006).","journal-title":"Am J Trop. Med. 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Japanese encephalitis emergence in Australia: the potential population at risk. Clin. Infect. Dis. 76, 335\u2013337 (2023).","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"903_CR13","first-page":"4","volume":"27","author":"R Iglesias","year":"2022","unstructured":"Iglesias, R. Outbreak of Japanese Encephalitis in Australia. Anim. Health Surveill Quart. 27, 4\u20136 (2022).","journal-title":"Anim. Health Surveill Quart."},{"key":"903_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1371","DOI":"10.1586\/erv.10.139","volume":"9","author":"MB Appaiahgari","year":"2010","unstructured":"Appaiahgari, M. B. & Vrati, S. IMOJEV((R)): a Yellow fever virus-based novel Japanese encephalitis vaccine. Expert. Rev. Vaccines 9, 1371\u20131384 (2010).","journal-title":"Expert. Rev. Vaccines"},{"key":"903_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.4161\/21645515.2014.983412","volume":"11","author":"C Firbas","year":"2015","unstructured":"Firbas, C. & Jilma, B. 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