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Using the highly susceptible Type I Interferon Receptor-deficient mouse-model, we demonstrate that a single emergency vaccination with a non-replicating MVA-ZIKV vaccine, when administered as early as 2-days before challenge fully protected non-pregnant and pregnant mice and fetuses against lethal ZIKV-infection. Early protection was associated with the rapid emergence of ZIKV-specific CD8+\u2009T cell responses; depletion of CD8+\u2009T cells resulted in the loss of protection supporting a critical role for CD8+\u2009T cells in the early protective efficacy of MVA-ZIKV. Neutralizing antibody responses were induced later than the CD8+\u2009T cell responses, suggesting that it may play a role in later stages of infection. Our results suggest that MVA-ZIKV induces potent anamnestic cellular immunity early after infection, contributing to its protective efficacy against rapid ZIKV challenge.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41541-025-01094-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,5]],"date-time":"2025-03-05T08:54:02Z","timestamp":1741164842000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Efficacy of emergency maternal MVA-ZIKV vaccination in a rapid challenge model of lethal Zika infection"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Asisa","family":"Volz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sabrina","family":"Clever","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alina","family":"Tscherne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Astrid","family":"Freudenstein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sylvia","family":"Jany","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jan H.","family":"Schwarz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leonard","family":"Limpinsel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William G.","family":"Valiant","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Georgia","family":"Kalodimou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gerd","family":"Sutter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joseph J.","family":"Mattapallil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"1094_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2321","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1602412","volume":"375","author":"P Brasil","year":"2016","unstructured":"Brasil, P. et al. 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