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Here, we produced immature CHIKV particles by infecting furin-deficient cells and characterized them in comparison to mature particles by electron microscopy. Ectopic expression of furin in the furin-deficient cells restored the production of infectious particles, underpinning the importance of this enzyme in particle maturation. To prevent furin\u2011mediated maturation in mammalian cells, we engineered a recombinant CHIKV in which the furin cleavage site was replaced by a Tobacco Etch virus (TEV) protease site, rendering the virus non\u2011infectious unless treated in vitro with TEV protease. TEV\u2011matured particles became infectious and, when used for immunization, induced a stronger immune response than their untreated counterparts, as evidenced by higher neutralizing antibody titers. In vivo, a single immunization with TEV\u2011treated particles protected IFNAR\u2011\/\u2011 mice against a lethal CHIKV challenge. In immunocompetent mice, vaccination also reduced viremia and CHIKV\u2011induced footpad swelling. Together, these findings demonstrate that in vitro maturation of CHIKV modified with a TEV cleavage site promotes a safe, replication limited immunogenic particle, establishing a promising platform for developing vaccines against viruses that require furin protease maturation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41541-026-01478-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,7]],"date-time":"2026-05-07T22:13:35Z","timestamp":1778192015000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Maturation-deficient chikungunya virus elicits protective immune responses in a murine challenge model"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Danillo Lucas Alves","family":"Esposito","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jhefferson Barbosa","family":"Guimar\u00e3es","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Benedito Antonio Lopes da","family":"Fonseca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Beate Mareike","family":"K\u00fcmmerer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"1478_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(07)70107-X","volume":"7","author":"G Pialoux","year":"2007","unstructured":"Pialoux, G., Gauzere, B. 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