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An estimated 250 million people are currently chronically infected with\n                    <jats:italic>Schistosoma<\/jats:italic>\n                    parasites, imposing a risk of new and recurrent infections in an additional 800 million people. SchistoShield\n                    <jats:sup>\n                      <jats:italic>\u00ae<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:sup>\n                    (Sm-p80 + GLA-SE) is a leading vaccine candidate for schistosomiasis that has successfully completed Phase 1 (USA) and Phase 1b (Africa) safety and immunogenicity clinical trials. Using Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells (PBMCs) obtained from intercontinental Phase 1 and Phase 1b trial participants, adaptive immune effector and memory responses to SchistoShield\n                    <jats:sup>\n                      <jats:italic>\u00ae<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:sup>\n                    were investigated. Functional recall responses were measured in vitro using Sm-p80 vaccine antigen. Results clearly demonstrate that the vaccine induced pronounced effector and memory T-cell responses. Upon recall with Sm-p80 antigen, cytokines including IFN-\u03b3, TNF-\u03b1, IL-17A, IL-9, and granzyme B were produced, indicating the generation of functionally heterogeneous CD4 T-helper and cytotoxic lymphocyte responses. Consistent with T-helper responses that promote humoral immunity, Sm-p80 antigen-specific antibody-secreting plasmablasts were detected in vaccinated volunteers who were tracked longitudinally. Taken together, the SchistoShield\u00ae vaccine induced robust cell-mediated effector and memory responses, hallmarks of a potentially efficacious vaccine against schistosome\/helminth parasites.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41541-026-01501-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]],"date-time":"2026-06-02T08:50:53Z","timestamp":1780390253000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Schistosomiasis vaccine SchistoShield\u00ae induces functional immune memory responses in US and African populations"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Mumtaz Y.","family":"Balkhi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aravindan","family":"Kalyanasundaram","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aryandra","family":"Arya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Desalegn W.","family":"Kifle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mallory","family":"Mckinnon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dinesh","family":"Krishnappa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Harshvardhan","family":"Shrivastava","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohamadou","family":"Siribie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Asma","family":"Aziz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hyonjin","family":"Jeon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tanyada","family":"Yongchaitrakul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Birkneh T.","family":"Tadesse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Njariharinjakamampionona","family":"Rakotozandrindrainy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ravomialisoa","family":"Razafimanantsoa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Henry Bere","family":"Noellie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nebi\u00e9 Issa","family":"Ouedraogo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amidou","family":"Diarra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sean A.","family":"Gray","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rhea N.","family":"Coler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jinhee","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rapha\u00ebl","family":"Rakotozandrindrainy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sodiomon B.","family":"Sirima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lisa A.","family":"Jackson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Florian","family":"Marks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Darrick","family":"Carter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Afzal A.","family":"Siddiqui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"1501_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1016\/0925-4439(93)90087-H","volume":"1181","author":"AA Siddiqui","year":"1993","unstructured":"Siddiqui, A. 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