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To investigate the risk of viral persistence of the approved live-attenuated vaccine IXCHIQ\n                    <jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup>\n                    (VLA1553), cynomolgus macaques received a 100-fold higher dose than the approved dose for IXCHIQ\n                    <jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup>\n                    or wild-type CHIKV. In VLA1553-treated NHPs, fever was transient, coinciding with peak viremia, with no significant virus detected in tissues except for immune organs. WT CHIKV-treated NHPs developed fever persisting for several days with higher peak viremias, and virus was consistently detected in tissues at higher levels than in VLA1553-treated animals. Additionally, WT CHIKV-treated NHPs showed more CHIKV in saliva and vaginal fluid, lymphocytopenia, increased liver enzymes and plasma prostaglandin E\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    , and higher expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines associated with WT CHIKV disease than VLA1553-treated animals. This study demonstrated attenuation of vaccine strain VLA1553, with no critical observations in non-human primates (NHPs) following administration of a high dose.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41541-026-01535-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]],"date-time":"2026-07-23T16:24:25Z","timestamp":1784823865000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Limited tissue persistence confirms attenuation of live-attenuated chikungunya vaccine VLA1553 in non-human primates"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Pierre","family":"Roques","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Fritzer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nathalie","family":"Dereuddre-Bosquet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laetitia","family":"Bossevot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Quentin","family":"Pascal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roger Le","family":"Grand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Urban","family":"Lundberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andreas","family":"Meinke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"1535_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0010142","volume":"16","author":"C Doran","year":"2022","unstructured":"Doran, C. et al. 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