{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T05:45:37Z","timestamp":1790833537119,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,25]],"date-time":"2024-06-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1719273600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,25]],"date-time":"2024-06-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1719273600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RS-2023-00248157"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RS-2023-00248157"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003710","name":"Korea Health Industry Development Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["HI22C1976"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HI22C1976"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003710","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003569","name":"Ministry of Food and Drug Safety","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["21153MFDS601"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["21153MFDS601"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003569","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nat Hum Behav"],"DOI":"10.1038\/s41562-024-01895-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,25]],"date-time":"2024-06-25T10:07:29Z","timestamp":1719310049000},"page":"1530-1544","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":72,"title":["Short- and long-term neuropsychiatric outcomes in long COVID in South Korea and Japan"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Sunyoung","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-2403-6241","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hayeon","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8580-490X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jinseok","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5632-5208","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Seung Won","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rosie","family":"Kwon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2115-7835","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Min Seo","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ai","family":"Koyanagi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5340-9833","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lee","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3249-2030","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guillaume","family":"Fond","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laurent","family":"Boyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4792-027X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Masoud","family":"Rahmati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9897-5273","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guillermo F.","family":"L\u00f3pez S\u00e1nchez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elena","family":"Dragioti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samuele","family":"Cortese","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ju-Young","family":"Shin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahhyung","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hae Sun","family":"Suh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sunmi","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4877-7233","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marco","family":"Solmi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chanyang","family":"Min","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2326-1820","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jae Il","family":"Shin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1628-9948","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dong Keon","family":"Yon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paolo","family":"Fusar-Poli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"1895_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"n1098","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.n1098","volume":"373","author":"SE Daugherty","year":"2021","unstructured":"Daugherty, S. E. et al. Risk of clinical sequelae after the acute phase of SARS-CoV-2 infection: retrospective cohort study. Br. Med. J. 373, n1098 (2021).","journal-title":"Br. Med. J."},{"key":"1895_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-021-03553-9","volume":"594","author":"Z Al-Aly","year":"2021","unstructured":"Al-Aly, Z., Xie, Y. & Bowe, B. High-dimensional characterization of post-acute sequelae of COVID-19. Nature 594, 259\u2013264 (2021).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"1895_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2","DOI":"10.54724\/lc.2023.e2","volume":"3","author":"Y Cha","year":"2023","unstructured":"Cha, Y., Jung, W., Seo, M. & Rahmati, M. The emerging pandemic recent: SARS-CoV-2. Life Cycle 3, e2 (2023).","journal-title":"Life Cycle"},{"key":"1895_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"452","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(22)01214-4","volume":"400","author":"AV Ballering","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ballering, A. V., van Zon, S. K., Olde Hartman, T. C. & Rosmalen, J. G. Persistence of somatic symptoms after COVID-19 in the Netherlands: an observational cohort study. Lancet 400, 452\u2013461 (2022).","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"1895_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1700","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(21)02143-7","volume":"398","author":"DF Santomauro","year":"2021","unstructured":"Santomauro, D. F. et al. Global prevalence and burden of depressive and anxiety disorders in 204 countries and territories in 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Lancet 398, 1700\u20131712 (2021).","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"1895_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"416","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(21)00084-5","volume":"8","author":"M Taquet","year":"2021","unstructured":"Taquet, M., Geddes, J. R., Husain, M., Luciano, S. & Harrison, P. J. 6-month neurological and psychiatric outcomes in 236,379 survivors of COVID-19: a retrospective cohort study using electronic health records. Lancet Psychiatry 8, 416\u2013427 (2021).","journal-title":"Lancet Psychiatry"},{"key":"1895_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"594","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2020.07.037","volume":"89","author":"MG Mazza","year":"2020","unstructured":"Mazza, M. G. et al. Anxiety and depression in COVID-19 survivors: role of inflammatory and clinical predictors. Brain Behav. Immun. 89, 594\u2013600 (2020).","journal-title":"Brain Behav. Immun."},{"key":"1895_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1007\/s00408-021-00423-z","volume":"199","author":"DL Sykes","year":"2021","unstructured":"Sykes, D. L. et al. Post-COVID-19 symptom burden: what is long-COVID and how should we manage it? Lung 199, 113\u2013119 (2021).","journal-title":"Lung"},{"key":"1895_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2021.05.060","volume":"292","author":"F Dong","year":"2021","unstructured":"Dong, F., Liu, H.-l, Dai, N., Yang, M. & Liu, J.-p A living systematic review of the psychological problems in people suffering from COVID-19. J. Affect. Disord. 292, 172\u2013188 (2021).","journal-title":"J. Affect. Disord."},{"key":"1895_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"747","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(21)01755-4","volume":"398","author":"L Huang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Huang, L. et al. 1-year outcomes in hospital survivors with COVID-19: a longitudinal cohort study. Lancet 398, 747\u2013758 (2021).","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"1895_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"772335","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2022.772335","volume":"10","author":"CJ Smith","year":"2022","unstructured":"Smith, C. J., Renshaw, P., Yurgelun-Todd, D. & Sheth, C. Acute and chronic neuropsychiatric symptoms in novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients: a qualitative review. Front. Public Health 10, 772335 (2022).","journal-title":"Front. Public Health"},{"key":"1895_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"fcab297","DOI":"10.1093\/braincomms\/fcab297","volume":"4","author":"JB Badenoch","year":"2021","unstructured":"Badenoch, J. B. et al. Persistent neuropsychiatric symptoms after COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Brain Commun. 4, fcab297 (2021).","journal-title":"Brain Commun."},{"key":"1895_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2022.100491","volume":"24","author":"AK Chen","year":"2022","unstructured":"Chen, A. K. et al. Neuropsychiatric sequelae of long COVID-19: pilot results from the COVID-19 neurological and molecular prospective cohort study in Georgia, USA. Brain Behav. Immun. Health 24, 100491 (2022).","journal-title":"Brain Behav. Immun. Health"},{"key":"1895_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.1016\/S2352-4642(22)00022-0","volume":"6","author":"T Stephenson","year":"2022","unstructured":"Stephenson, T. et al. Physical and mental health 3 months after SARS-CoV-2 infection (long COVID) among adolescents in England (CLoCk): a national matched cohort study. Lancet Child Adolesc. Health 6, 230\u2013239 (2022).","journal-title":"Lancet Child Adolesc. Health"},{"key":"1895_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1060","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000009937","volume":"95","author":"CM Romero-S\u00e1nchez","year":"2020","unstructured":"Romero-S\u00e1nchez, C. M. et al. Neurologic manifestations in hospitalized patients with COVID-19: the ALBACOVID registry. Neurology 95, e1060\u2013e1070 (2020).","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"1895_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2020.586355","volume":"11","author":"X Kong","year":"2020","unstructured":"Kong, X. et al. Effect of psychological\u2013behavioral intervention on the depression and anxiety of COVID-19 patients. Front. Psychiatry 11, 586355 (2020).","journal-title":"Front. Psychiatry"},{"key":"1895_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2021.135692","volume":"749","author":"AN Dravid","year":"2021","unstructured":"Dravid, A. N., Mane, D. N. & Khan, Z. A. Neurological issues during severe COVID-19 in a tertiary level hospital in Western India. Neurosci. Lett. 749, 135692 (2021).","journal-title":"Neurosci. Lett."},{"key":"1895_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2020.06.020","volume":"88","author":"K Nalleballe","year":"2020","unstructured":"Nalleballe, K. et al. Spectrum of neuropsychiatric manifestations in COVID-19. Brain Behav. Immun. 88, 71\u201374 (2020).","journal-title":"Brain Behav. Immun."},{"key":"1895_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2022.101624","volume":"53","author":"KI Notarte","year":"2022","unstructured":"Notarte, K. I. et al. Impact of COVID-19 vaccination on the risk of developing long-COVID and on existing long-COVID symptoms: a systematic review. EClinicalMedicine 53, 101624 (2022).","journal-title":"EClinicalMedicine"},{"key":"1895_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2406","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-022-02001-z","volume":"28","author":"E Xu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Xu, E., Xie, Y. & Al-Aly, Z. Long-term neurologic outcomes of COVID-19. Nat. Med. 28, 2406\u20132415 (2022).","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"1895_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e068993","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj-2021-068993","volume":"376","author":"Y Xie","year":"2022","unstructured":"Xie, Y., Xu, E. & Al-Aly, Z. Risks of mental health outcomes in people with COVID-19: cohort study. BMJ 376, e068993 (2022).","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"1895_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2112131","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2021.12131","volume":"4","author":"SH-Y Chou","year":"2021","unstructured":"Chou, S. H.-Y. et al. Global incidence of neurological manifestations among patients hospitalized with COVID-19\u2014a report for the GCS-NeuroCOVID Consortium and the ENERGY Consortium. JAMA Netw. Open 4, e2112131 (2021).","journal-title":"JAMA Netw. Open"},{"key":"1895_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e406","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-2667(22)00042-1","volume":"7","author":"I Magn\u00fasd\u00f3ttir","year":"2022","unstructured":"Magn\u00fasd\u00f3ttir, I. et al. Acute COVID-19 severity and mental health morbidity trajectories in patient populations of six nations: an observational study. Lancet Public Health 7, e406\u2013e416 (2022).","journal-title":"Lancet Public Health"},{"key":"1895_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"815","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(22)00260-7","volume":"9","author":"M Taquet","year":"2022","unstructured":"Taquet, M. et al. Neurological and psychiatric risk trajectories after SARS-CoV-2 infection: an analysis of 2-year retrospective cohort studies including 1,284,437 patients. Lancet Psychiatry 9, 815\u2013827 (2022).","journal-title":"Lancet Psychiatry"},{"key":"1895_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"778","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapsychiatry.2023.1265","volume":"80","author":"V Nersesjan","year":"2023","unstructured":"Nersesjan, V., Christensen, R. H. B., Kondziella, D. & Benros, M. E. COVID-19 and risk for mental disorders among adults in Denmark. JAMA Psychiatry 80, 778\u2013786 (2023).","journal-title":"JAMA Psychiatry"},{"key":"1895_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.3892\/etm.2022.11290","volume":"23","author":"V Efstathiou","year":"2022","unstructured":"Efstathiou, V. et al. Long COVID and neuropsychiatric manifestations (Review). Exp. Ther. Med. 23, 363 (2022).","journal-title":"Exp. Ther. Med."},{"key":"1895_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmii.2020.05.017","volume":"54","author":"C-W Li","year":"2021","unstructured":"Li, C.-W. et al. Anosmia and olfactory tract neuropathy in a case of COVID-19. J. Microbiol. Immunol. Infect. 54, 93\u201396 (2021).","journal-title":"J. Microbiol. Immunol. Infect."},{"key":"1895_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"546","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-020-01227-z","volume":"27","author":"C Muus","year":"2021","unstructured":"Muus, C. et al. Single-cell meta-analysis of SARS-CoV-2 entry genes across tissues and demographics. Nat. Med. 27, 546\u2013559 (2021).","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"1895_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1038\/s41531-020-00123-0","volume":"6","author":"D Sulzer","year":"2020","unstructured":"Sulzer, D. et al. COVID-19 and possible links with Parkinson\u2019s disease and parkinsonism: from bench to bedside. NPJ Parkinson\u2019s Dis. 6, 18 (2020).","journal-title":"NPJ Parkinson\u2019s Dis."},{"key":"1895_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2823","DOI":"10.1007\/s00259-021-05215-4","volume":"48","author":"E Guedj","year":"2021","unstructured":"Guedj, E. et al. 18F-FDG brain PET hypometabolism in patients with long COVID. Eur. J. Nucl. Med. Mol. Imaging 48, 2823\u20132833 (2021).","journal-title":"Eur. J. Nucl. Med. Mol. Imaging"},{"key":"1895_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(20)30168-1","volume":"7","author":"EA Holmes","year":"2020","unstructured":"Holmes, E. A. et al. Multidisciplinary research priorities for the COVID-19 pandemic: a call for action for mental health science. Lancet Psychiatry 7, 547\u2013560 (2020).","journal-title":"Lancet Psychiatry"},{"key":"1895_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1233","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.16m11422","volume":"78","author":"JM Downs","year":"2017","unstructured":"Downs, J. M. et al. The association between comorbid autism spectrum disorders and antipsychotic treatment failure in early-onset psychosis: a historical cohort study using electronic health records. J. Clin. Psychiatry 78, e1233\u2013e1241 (2017).","journal-title":"J. Clin. Psychiatry"},{"key":"1895_CR33","first-page":"69","volume":"7","author":"JG Hanly","year":"2015","unstructured":"Hanly, J. G., Thompson, K. & Skedgel, C. The use of administrative health care databases to identify patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Open Access Rheumatol. Res. Rev. 7, 69\u201375 (2015).","journal-title":"Open Access Rheumatol. Res. Rev."},{"key":"1895_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e072529","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj-2022-072529","volume":"380","author":"B Mizrahi","year":"2023","unstructured":"Mizrahi, B. et al. Long COVID outcomes at one year after mild SARS-CoV-2 infection: nationwide cohort study. BMJ 380, e072529 (2023).","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"1895_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"973","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.161.7.973","volume":"161","author":"K Kj\u00f8ller","year":"2001","unstructured":"Kj\u00f8ller, K. et al. Connective tissue disease and other rheumatic conditions following cosmetic breast implantation in Denmark. Arch. Intern. Med. 161, 973\u2013979 (2001).","journal-title":"Arch. Intern. Med."},{"key":"1895_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12913-020-05153-1","volume":"20","author":"D Shin","year":"2020","unstructured":"Shin, D. et al. Cost analysis of depression using the national insurance system in South Korea: a comparison of depression and treatment-resistant depression. BMC Health Serv. Res. 20, 286 (2020).","journal-title":"BMC Health Serv. Res."},{"key":"1895_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e575","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000011611","volume":"96","author":"JA Frontera","year":"2021","unstructured":"Frontera, J. A. et al. A prospective study of neurologic disorders in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 in New York City. Neurology 96, e575\u2013e586 (2021).","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"1895_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1025","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(20)30421-1","volume":"7","author":"SW Lee","year":"2020","unstructured":"Lee, S. W. et al. Association between mental illness and COVID-19 susceptibility and clinical outcomes in South Korea: a nationwide cohort study. Lancet Psychiatry 7, 1025\u20131031 (2020).","journal-title":"Lancet Psychiatry"},{"key":"1895_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.7326\/M23-1831","volume":"177","author":"MS Kim","year":"2024","unstructured":"Kim, M. S. et al. Long-term autoimmune inflammatory rheumatic outcomes of COVID-19: a binational cohort study. Ann. Intern. Med. 177, 291\u2013302 (2024).","journal-title":"Ann. Intern. Med."},{"key":"1895_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-47176-w","volume":"15","author":"J Oh","year":"2024","unstructured":"Oh, J. et al. Incident allergic diseases in post-COVID-19 condition: multinational cohort studies from South Korea, Japan and the UK. Nat. Commun. 15, 2830 (2024).","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"1895_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e698","DOI":"10.1016\/S2665-9913(21)00151-X","volume":"3","author":"YH Shin","year":"2021","unstructured":"Shin, Y. H. et al. Autoimmune inflammatory rheumatic diseases and COVID-19 outcomes in South Korea: a nationwide cohort study. Lancet Rheumatol. 3, e698\u2013e706 (2021).","journal-title":"Lancet Rheumatol."},{"key":"1895_CR42","unstructured":"Park, B., Sung, J., Park, K., Seo, S. & Kim, S. Report of the Evaluation for Validity of Discharged Diagnoses in Korean Health Insurance Database 19\u201352 (Seoul National University, 2003)."},{"key":"1895_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2020-322248","volume":"70","author":"SW Lee","year":"2021","unstructured":"Lee, S. W. et al. Severe clinical outcomes of COVID-19 associated with proton pump inhibitors: a nationwide cohort study with propensity score matching. Gut 70, 76\u201384 (2021).","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"1895_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3346\/jkms.2021.36.e341","volume":"36","author":"BH Ryu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ryu, B. H. et al. Clinical features of adult COVID-19 patients without risk factors before and after the nationwide SARS-CoV-2 B.1.617.2 (Delta)-variant outbreak in Korea: experience from Gyeongsangnam-do. J. Korean Med. Sci. 36, e341 (2021).","journal-title":"J. Korean Med. Sci."},{"key":"1895_CR45","unstructured":"The Asia-Pacific Perspective: Redefining Obesity and Its Treatment (World Health Organization, 2000)."},{"key":"1895_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"901","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2021-104203","volume":"56","author":"SW Lee","year":"2022","unstructured":"Lee, S. W. et al. Physical activity and the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection, severe COVID-19 illness and COVID-19 related mortality in South Korea: a nationwide cohort study. Br. J. Sports Med. 56, 901\u2013912 (2022).","journal-title":"Br. J. Sports Med."},{"key":"1895_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1051","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(11)60274-2","volume":"378","author":"MR Reich","year":"2011","unstructured":"Reich, M. R., Ikegami, N., Shibuya, K. & Takemi, K. 50 years of pursuing a healthy society in Japan. Lancet 378, 1051\u20131053 (2011).","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"1895_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jjcc.2023.05.010","volume":"82","author":"N Setogawa","year":"2023","unstructured":"Setogawa, N., Ohbe, H., Isogai, T., Matsui, H. & Yasunaga, H. Characteristics and short-term outcomes of outpatient and inpatient cardiac catheterizations: a descriptive study using a nationwide claim database in Japan. J. Cardiol. 82, 201\u2013206 (2023).","journal-title":"J. Cardiol."},{"key":"1895_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"731","DOI":"10.1093\/ajh\/hpac054","volume":"35","author":"H Kaneko","year":"2022","unstructured":"Kaneko, H. et al. Medication-na\u00efve blood pressure and incident cancers: analysis of 2 nationwide population-based databases. Am. J. Hypertens. 35, 731\u2013739 (2022).","journal-title":"Am. J. Hypertens."},{"key":"1895_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S145","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijrobp.2020.07.890","volume":"108","author":"CW Williamson","year":"2020","unstructured":"Williamson, C. W. et al. Competing risk analysis to address selection bias in comparative effectiveness research. Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 108, S145\u2013S146 (2020).","journal-title":"Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys."},{"key":"1895_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.54724\/lc.2022.e1","volume":"2","author":"SW Lee","year":"2022","unstructured":"Lee, S. W. Methods for testing statistical differences between groups in medical research: statistical standard and guideline of Life Cycle Committee. Life Cycle 2, e1 (2022).","journal-title":"Life Cycle"}],"container-title":["Nature Human Behaviour"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41562-024-01895-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41562-024-01895-8","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41562-024-01895-8.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,24]],"date-time":"2024-08-24T00:23:24Z","timestamp":1724459004000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41562-024-01895-8"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,25]]},"references-count":51,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8]]}},"alternative-id":["1895"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41562-024-01895-8","relation":{},"ISSN":["2397-3374"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2397-3374","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,25]]},"assertion":[{"value":"9 June 2023","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"18 April 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"25 June 2024","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"M.S. received honoraria or has been a consultant for AbbVie, Angelini, Lundbeck and Otsuka. P.F.-P. is supported by #NEXTGENERATIONEU, funded by the Ministry of University and Research, National Recovery and Resilience Plan, project MNESYS (PE0000006)\u2014A Multiscale Integrated Approach to the Study of the Nervous System in Health and Disease (DN. 1553 11.10.2022). S.C. has declared reimbursement for travel and accommodation expenses from the Association for Child and Adolescent Central Health (ACAMH) in relation to lectures delivered for ACAMH, the Canadian AADHD Alliance Resource, the British Association of Psychopharmacology, and from Healthcare Convention for educational activity on ADHD, and has received honoraria from Medice. The other authors declare no competing interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}]}}