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While studies have explored public willingness to use preimplantation genetic testing for medical or non-medical attributes, stated willingness may not reflect implantation decisions when such information is available. This large cross-national study examined public views on polygenic embryo testing. In a US sample (\n                    <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20091,467), participants were more willing to test for medical conditions (for example, heart disease) than non-medical traits (for example, antisocial behaviour or low intelligence), although over half supported testing for non-medical traits. In a forced-choice implantation task, participants used medical and non-medical information to a similar extent when making decisions. Similar patterns were observed in Chinese participants (\n                    <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u2009623). These findings suggest variability in choices across specific traits and conditions, rather than a uniform distinction between medical conditions and non-medical traits. The Stage 1 protocol for this Registered Report was accepted in principle on 7 October 2025. The protocol, as accepted by the journal, can be found at\n                    <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"http:\/\/osf.io\/vb9c2\" ext-link-type=\"uri\">https:\/\/osf.io\/vb9c2<\/jats:ext-link>\n                    .\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41562-026-02562-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T09:02:57Z","timestamp":1787734977000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Public perceptions of polygenic testing and embryo selection for non-medical traits"],"prefix":"10.1038","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7272-7186","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Edmond","family":"Awad","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3293-8741","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Clara","family":"Colombatto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joanna","family":"Demaree-Cotton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9691-2888","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Brian D.","family":"Earp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jim A. 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