{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,8]],"date-time":"2026-11-08T03:57:30Z","timestamp":1794110250647,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]],"date-time":"2026-06-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780358400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]],"date-time":"2026-06-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780358400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nat. Mater."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"DOI":"10.1038\/s41563-026-02614-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]],"date-time":"2026-06-02T09:04:29Z","timestamp":1780391069000},"page":"1533-1539","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Van der Waals strain hardening and large uniform tensile elongation in GaSe"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0578-8875","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sikang","family":"Zheng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3249-483X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiaolong","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianfei","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiabao","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jingwei","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1088-0809","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiaoyuan","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0503-1503","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bin","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6143-6348","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lihua","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daliang","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zibing","family":"An","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8769-4193","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yu","family":"Pan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zizhen","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shaofeng","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-6333-9655","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kaile","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Linlin","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaomeng","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Menglong","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lei","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yizhong","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-3346-4886","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yan","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5348-3013","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiaobin","family":"Niu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guang","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6460-4204","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xu","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guoyu","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3353-3802","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiaodong","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"2614_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"526","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-024-07589-5","volume":"631","author":"A Devarakonda","year":"2024","unstructured":"Devarakonda, A. et al. Evidence of striped electronic phases in a structurally modulated superlattice. Nature 631, 526\u2013530 (2024).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2614_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"340","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-024-07406-z","volume":"630","author":"D Lu","year":"2024","unstructured":"Lu, D. et al. Monolithic three-dimensional tier-by-tier integration via van der Waals lamination. Nature 630, 340\u2013345 (2024).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2614_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-023-06275-2","volume":"620","author":"F Dirnberger","year":"2023","unstructured":"Dirnberger, F. et al. Magneto-optics in a van der Waals magnet tuned by self-hybridized polaritons. Nature 620, 533\u2013537 (2023).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2614_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1203","DOI":"10.1038\/s41566-024-01547-3","volume":"18","author":"N Pramanik","year":"2024","unstructured":"Pramanik, N. et al. Fundamental scaling laws of water-window X-rays from free-electron-driven van der Waals structures. Nat. Photon. 18, 1203\u20131211 (2024).","journal-title":"Nat. Photon."},{"key":"2614_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.abn3243","volume":"8","author":"S Ghazi Sarwat","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ghazi Sarwat, S. et al. An integrated photonics engine for unsupervised correlation detection. Sci. Adv. 8, eabn3243 (2022).","journal-title":"Sci. Adv."},{"key":"2614_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.adk8669","volume":"10","author":"SN Kajale","year":"2024","unstructured":"Kajale, S. N., Nguyen, T., Hung, N. T., Li, M. & Sarkar, D. Field-free deterministic switching of all\u2013van der Waals spin-orbit torque system above room temperature. Sci. Adv. 10, eadk8669 (2024).","journal-title":"Sci. Adv."},{"key":"2614_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"841","DOI":"10.1126\/science.adg7196","volume":"380","author":"D Liu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Liu, D. et al. Lattice plainification advances highly effective SnSe crystalline thermoelectrics. Science 380, 841\u2013846 (2023).","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2614_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1378","DOI":"10.1038\/s41563-021-01064-6","volume":"20","author":"C Zhou","year":"2021","unstructured":"Zhou, C. et al. Polycrystalline SnSe with a thermoelectric figure of merit greater than the single crystal. Nat. Mater. 20, 1378\u20131384 (2021).","journal-title":"Nat. Mater."},{"key":"2614_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-024-07438-5","volume":"630","author":"Y Guo","year":"2024","unstructured":"Guo, Y. et al. Van der Waals polarity-engineered 3D integration of 2D complementary logic. Nature 630, 346\u2013352 (2024).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2614_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-48218-z","volume":"15","author":"F Sui","year":"2024","unstructured":"Sui, F. et al. Atomic-level polarization reversal in sliding ferroelectric semiconductors. Nat. Commun. 15, 3799 (2024).","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"2614_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"542","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aba9778","volume":"369","author":"TR Wei","year":"2020","unstructured":"Wei, T. R. et al. Exceptional plasticity in the bulk single-crystalline van der Waals semiconductor InSe. Science 369, 542\u2013545 (2020).","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2614_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-022-35229-x","volume":"13","author":"Z Gao","year":"2022","unstructured":"Gao, Z. et al. High-throughput screening of 2D van der Waals crystals with plastic deformability. Nat. Commun. 13, 7491 (2022).","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"2614_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.xcrp.2022.100816","volume":"3","author":"HY Wang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Wang, H. Y. et al. Orientation-dependent large plasticity of single-crystalline gallium selenide. Cell Rep. Phys. Sci. 3, 100816 (2022).","journal-title":"Cell Rep. Phys. Sci."},{"key":"2614_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/advs.202203436","volume":"9","author":"TT Deng","year":"2022","unstructured":"Deng, T. T. et al. Plastic\/ductile bulk 2D van der Waals single-crystalline SnSe2 for flexible thermoelectrics. Adv. Sci. 9, 2203436 (2022).","journal-title":"Adv. Sci."},{"key":"2614_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/aenm.202300965","volume":"13","author":"BZ Ge","year":"2023","unstructured":"Ge, B. Z. et al. Dynamic phase transition leading to extraordinary plastic deformability of thermoelectric SnSe2 single crystal. Adv. Energy Mater. 13, 2300965 (2023).","journal-title":"Adv. Energy Mater."},{"key":"2614_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3379","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.nanolett.0c04794","volume":"21","author":"F Cantos-Prieto","year":"2021","unstructured":"Cantos-Prieto, F. et al. Layer-dependent mechanical properties and enhanced plasticity in the van der Waals chromium trihalide magnets. Nano Lett. 21, 3379\u20133385 (2021).","journal-title":"Nano Lett."},{"key":"2614_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"697","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-023-06894-9","volume":"625","author":"Z An","year":"2024","unstructured":"An, Z. et al. Negative mixing enthalpy solid solutions deliver high strength and ductility. Nature 625, 697\u2013702 (2024).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2614_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.ado9593","volume":"10","author":"YD Sun","year":"2024","unstructured":"Sun, Y. D. et al. Van der Waals semiconductor InSe plastifies by martensitic transformation. Sci. Adv. 10, eado9593 (2024).","journal-title":"Sci. Adv."},{"key":"2614_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.1038\/s41563-023-01788-7","volume":"23","author":"LW Wong","year":"2024","unstructured":"Wong, L. W. et al. Deciphering the ultra-high plasticity in metal monochalcogenides. Nat. Mater. 23, 196\u2013204 (2024).","journal-title":"Nat. Mater."},{"key":"2614_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17953","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevB.50.17953","volume":"50","author":"PE Bl\u00f6chl","year":"1994","unstructured":"Bl\u00f6chl, P. E. Projector augmented-wave method. Phys. Rev. B 50, 17953 (1994).","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. B"},{"key":"2614_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"566\u2013569","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.45.566","volume":"45","author":"DM Ceperley","year":"1980","unstructured":"Ceperley, D. M. & Alder, B. J. Ground state of the electron gas by a stochastic method. Phys. Rev. Lett. 45, 566\u2013569 (1980).","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. Lett."},{"key":"2614_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"934","DOI":"10.1002\/jcc.21112","volume":"30","author":"V Barone","year":"2009","unstructured":"Barone, V. et al. Role and effective treatment of dispersive forces in materials: polyethylene and graphite crystals as test cases. J. Comput. Chem. 30, 934\u2013939 (2009).","journal-title":"J. Comput. Chem."},{"key":"2614_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1272","DOI":"10.1107\/S0021889811038970","volume":"44","author":"K Momma","year":"2011","unstructured":"Momma, K. & Izumi, F. VESTA 3 for three-dimensional visualization of crystal, volumetric and morphology data. J. Appl. Crystallogr. 44, 1272\u20131276 (2011).","journal-title":"J. Appl. Crystallogr."},{"key":"2614_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevB.105.115202","volume":"105","author":"Y Ouyang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ouyang, Y. et al. Accurate description of high-order phonon anharmonicity and lattice thermal conductivity from molecular dynamics simulations with machine learning potential. Phys. Rev. B 105, 115202 (2022).","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. B"},{"key":"2614_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-37115-6","volume":"14","author":"T Lee","year":"2023","unstructured":"Lee, T. et al. Atomic-scale origin of the low grain-boundary resistance in perovskite solid electrolyte Li0.375Sr0.4375Ta0.75Zr0.25O3. Nat. Commun. 14, 1940 (2023).","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"2614_CR26","first-page":"015016","volume":"2","author":"P Schwaller","year":"2021","unstructured":"Schwaller, P., Vaucher, A. C., Laino, T. & Reymond, J. L. Prediction of chemical reaction yields using deep learning. Mach. Learn.: Sci. Technol. 2, 015016 (2021).","journal-title":"Mach. Learn.: Sci. Technol."},{"key":"2614_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"39601","DOI":"10.1088\/2632-2153\/abe194","volume":"2","author":"NC Iovanac","year":"2021","unstructured":"Iovanac, N. C. & Savoie, B. M. Erratum: improving the generative performance of chemical autoencoders through transfer learning. Mach. Learn. Sci. Technol. 2, 39601 (2021).","journal-title":"Mach. Learn. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"2614_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmt.2020.100685","volume":"20","author":"B Mortazavi","year":"2020","unstructured":"Mortazavi, B. et al. Exploring phononic properties of two-dimensional materials using machine learning interatomic potentials. Appl. Mater. Today 20, 100685 (2020).","journal-title":"Appl. Mater. Today"},{"key":"2614_CR29","first-page":"025002","volume":"2","author":"IS Novikov","year":"2020","unstructured":"Novikov, I. S., Gubaev, K., Podryabinkin, E. V. & Shapeev, A. V. The MLIP package: moment tensor potentials with MPI and active learning. Mach. Learn.: Sci. Technol. 2, 025002 (2020).","journal-title":"Mach. Learn.: Sci. Technol."},{"key":"2614_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1006\/jcph.1995.1039","volume":"117","author":"S Plimpton","year":"1995","unstructured":"Plimpton, S. Fast parallel algorithms for short-range molecular dynamics. J. Comput. Phys. 117, 1\u201319 (1995).","journal-title":"J. Comput. Phys."},{"key":"2614_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1088\/0965-0393\/11\/2\/305","volume":"11","author":"J Li","year":"2003","unstructured":"Li, J. AtomEye: an efficient atomistic configuration viewer. Model. Simul. Mater. Sci. Eng. 11, 173\u2013177 (2003).","journal-title":"Model. Simul. Mater. Sci. Eng."}],"container-title":["Nature Materials"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41563-026-02614-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41563-026-02614-6","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41563-026-02614-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T14:02:37Z","timestamp":1787752957000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41563-026-02614-6"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]]},"references-count":31,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]}},"alternative-id":["2614"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41563-026-02614-6","relation":{},"ISSN":["1476-1122","1476-4660"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1476-1122","type":"print"},{"value":"1476-4660","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"6 June 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"20 April 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"2 June 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics"}}]}}