{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T15:24:20Z","timestamp":1790349860298,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]],"date-time":"2026-03-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774396800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]],"date-time":"2026-03-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774396800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82172270"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82172270"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82330103"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82330103"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81825019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81825019"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nat Microbiol"],"DOI":"10.1038\/s41564-026-02298-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]],"date-time":"2026-03-25T10:02:10Z","timestamp":1774432930000},"page":"1286-1301","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus infection of the male reproductive tract induces pathology and inflammation"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Yunfa","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lingyu","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huan","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaohong","family":"Yin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaojie","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ning","family":"Cui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hongdi","family":"Lv","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9505-1307","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiaoai","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liqun","family":"Fang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2593-2571","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Leike","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9084-7277","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hongbo","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-6937-2430","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wei","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6280-267X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hao","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"2298_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2127","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2511.190061","volume":"25","author":"S Koga","year":"2019","unstructured":"Koga, S. et al. Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus RNA in semen, Japan. Emerg. Infect. Dis. 25, 2127\u20132128 (2019).","journal-title":"Emerg. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"2298_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1523","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1010095","volume":"364","author":"X-J Yu","year":"2011","unstructured":"Yu, X.-J. et al. Fever with thrombocytopenia associated with a novel bunyavirus in China. N. Engl. J. Med. 364, 1523\u20131532 (2011).","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"2298_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2103","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2411.170756","volume":"24","author":"YR Kim","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kim, Y. R. et al. Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus infection, South Korea, 2010. Emerg. Infect. Dis. 24, 2103\u20132105 (2018).","journal-title":"Emerg. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"2298_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"816","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jit603","volume":"209","author":"T Takahashi","year":"2014","unstructured":"Takahashi, T. et al. The first identification and retrospective study of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome in Japan. J. Infect. Dis. 209, 816\u2013827 (2014).","journal-title":"J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"2298_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"763","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(14)70718-2","volume":"14","author":"Q Liu","year":"2014","unstructured":"Liu, Q., He, B., Huang, S.-Y., Wei, F. & Zhu, X.-Q. Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome, an emerging tick-borne zoonosis. Lancet Infect. Dis. 14, 763\u2013772 (2014).","journal-title":"Lancet Infect. Dis."},{"key":"2298_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2022.08.008","volume":"123","author":"Y-X Wu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Wu, Y.-X. et al. Human-to-human transmission of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus through potential ocular exposure to infectious blood. Int. J. Infect. Dis. 123, 80\u201383 (2022).","journal-title":"Int. J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"2298_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"633","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2019.01.006","volume":"25","author":"IY Jung","year":"2019","unstructured":"Jung, I. Y. et al. Nosocomial person-to-person transmission of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. 25, 633\u2013633 (2019).","journal-title":"Clin. Microbiol. Infect."},{"key":"2298_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1127","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(18)30293-7","volume":"18","author":"H Li","year":"2018","unstructured":"Li, H. et al. Epidemiological and clinical features of laboratory-diagnosed severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome in China, 2011\u201317: a prospective observational study. Lancet Infect. Dis. 18, 1127\u20131137 (2018).","journal-title":"Lancet Infect. Dis."},{"key":"2298_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4370","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2020.02.105","volume":"30","author":"S Li","year":"2020","unstructured":"Li, S. et al. SFTSV infection induces BAK\/BAX-dependent mitochondrial DNA release to trigger NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Cell. Rep. 30, 4370\u20134385 (2020).","journal-title":"Cell. Rep."},{"key":"2298_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.adg6856","volume":"9","author":"L Zhang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Zhang, L. et al. CCR2 is a host entry receptor for severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus. Sci. Adv. 9, eadg6856 (2023).","journal-title":"Sci. Adv."},{"key":"2298_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e00838","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.00838-20","volume":"94","author":"EM McDonald","year":"2020","unstructured":"McDonald, E. M., Anderson, J., Wilusz, J., Ebel, G. D. & Brault, A. C. Zika virus replication in myeloid cells during acute infection is vital to viral dissemination and pathogenesis in a mouse model. J. Virol. 94, e00838\u201320 (2020).","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"2298_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1038\/s41564-022-01279-6","volume":"8","author":"J Xie","year":"2023","unstructured":"Xie, J. et al. Akkermansia muciniphila protects mice against an emerging tick-borne viral pathogen. Nat. Microbiol. 8, 91\u2013106 (2023).","journal-title":"Nat. Microbiol."},{"key":"2298_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2023.104944","volume":"99","author":"H Xu","year":"2024","unstructured":"Xu, H. et al. A nanoluciferase SFTSV for rapid screening antivirals and real-time visualization of virus infection in mice. EBioMedicine 99, 104944 (2024).","journal-title":"EBioMedicine"},{"key":"2298_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1093\/biolre\/ioy059","volume":"99","author":"BR Zirkin","year":"2018","unstructured":"Zirkin, B. R. & Papadopoulos, V. Leydig cells: formation, function, and regulation. Biol. Reprod. 99, 101\u2013111 (2018).","journal-title":"Biol. Reprod."},{"key":"2298_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"834","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1203378","volume":"367","author":"LK McMullan","year":"2012","unstructured":"McMullan, L. K. et al. A new phlebovirus associated with severe febrile illness in Missouri. N. Engl. J. Med. 367, 834\u2013841 (2012).","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"2298_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1298","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2018.01298","volume":"9","author":"S Wang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Wang, S. et al. S100A8\/A9 in Inflammation. Front. Immunol. 9, 1298 (2018).","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"2298_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"528","DOI":"10.1038\/s41584-018-0058-9","volume":"14","author":"J Austermann","year":"2018","unstructured":"Austermann, J., Spiekermann, C. & Roth, J. S100 proteins in rheumatic diseases. Nat. Rev. Rheumatol. 14, 528\u2013541 (2018).","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Rheumatol."},{"key":"2298_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1511","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2016.11.016","volume":"167","author":"W Ma","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ma, W. et al. Zika virus causes testis damage and leads to male infertility in mice. Cell 167, 1511\u20131524 (2016).","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"2298_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-66898-7","volume":"10","author":"A Chait","year":"2020","unstructured":"Chait, A. et al. Presence of serum amyloid A3 in mouse plasma is dependent on the nature and extent of the inflammatory stimulus. Sci. Rep. 10, 10397 (2020).","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"2298_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciimmunol.add8945","volume":"8","author":"T Fabre","year":"2023","unstructured":"Fabre, T. et al. Identification of a broadly fibrogenic macrophage subset induced by type 3 inflammation. Sci. Immunol. 8, eadd8945 (2023).","journal-title":"Sci. Immunol."},{"key":"2298_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.aba1983","volume":"6","author":"TS Adams","year":"2020","unstructured":"Adams, T. S. et al. Single-cell RNA-seq reveals ectopic and aberrant lung-resident cell populations in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Sci. Adv. 6, eaba1983 (2020).","journal-title":"Sci. Adv."},{"key":"2298_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e128414","DOI":"10.1172\/jci.insight.128414","volume":"4","author":"I Cabrita","year":"2019","unstructured":"Cabrita, I., Benedetto, R., Schreiber, R. & Kunzelmann, K. Niclosamide repurposed for the treatment of inflammatory airway disease. JCI Insight 4, e128414 (2019).","journal-title":"JCI Insight"},{"key":"2298_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-38223-z","volume":"14","author":"W Yang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Yang, W. et al. Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals the fragility of male spermatogenic cells to Zika virus-induced complement activation. Nat. Commun. 14, 2476 (2023).","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"2298_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12974-021-02184-1","volume":"18","author":"M Milani","year":"2021","unstructured":"Milani, M. et al. Targeting S100A4 with niclosamide attenuates inflammatory and profibrotic pathways in models of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. J. Neuroinflammation 18, 132 (2021).","journal-title":"J. Neuroinflammation"},{"key":"2298_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"438","DOI":"10.1038\/nature20556","volume":"540","author":"J Govero","year":"2016","unstructured":"Govero, J. et al. Zika virus infection damages the testes in mice. Nature 540, 438\u2013442 (2016).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2298_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2018.08.003","volume":"24","author":"KM Coffin","year":"2018","unstructured":"Coffin, K. M. et al. Persistent Marburg virus infection in the testes of nonhuman primate survivors. Cell Host Microbe 24, 405\u2013416 (2018).","journal-title":"Cell Host Microbe"},{"key":"2298_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"550","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2017.11.004","volume":"188","author":"DL Perry","year":"2018","unstructured":"Perry, D. L. et al. Ebola virus localization in the macaque reproductive tract during acute Ebola virus disease. Am. J. Pathol. 188, 550\u2013558 (2018).","journal-title":"Am. J. Pathol."},{"key":"2298_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1002\/path.4456","volume":"235","author":"RB Martines","year":"2015","unstructured":"Martines, R. B., Ng, D. L., Greer, P. W., Rollin, P. E. & Zaki, S. R. Tissue and cellular tropism, pathology and pathogenesis of Ebola and Marburg viruses. J. Pathol. 235, 153\u2013174 (2015).","journal-title":"J. Pathol."},{"key":"2298_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4327","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1700162","volume":"198","author":"M Wang","year":"2017","unstructured":"Wang, M. et al. Characterization of the micro-environment of the testis that shapes the phenotype and function of testicular macrophages. J. Immunol. 198, 4327\u20134340 (2017).","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"2298_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2013686117","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2013686117","volume":"118","author":"M Wang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Wang, M. et al. Two populations of self-maintaining monocyte-independent macrophages exist in adult epididymis and testis. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 118, e2013686117 (2021).","journal-title":"Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"2298_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1080\/13685538.2018.1482487","volume":"22","author":"N-V Mohamad","year":"2019","unstructured":"Mohamad, N.-V. et al. The relationship between circulating testosterone and inflammatory cytokines in men. Aging Male 22, 129\u2013140 (2019).","journal-title":"Aging Male"},{"key":"2298_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3043","DOI":"10.1210\/endo-124-6-3043","volume":"124","author":"BR Zirkin","year":"1989","unstructured":"Zirkin, B. R., Santulli, R., Awoniyi, C. A. & Ewing, L. L. Maintenance of advanced spermatogenic cells in the adult rat testis: quantitative relationship to testosterone concentration within the testis. Endocrinology 124, 3043\u20133049 (1989).","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"2298_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-025-62044-x","volume":"16","author":"W Yang","year":"2025","unstructured":"Yang, W. et al. Zika virus disrupts steroidogenesis and impairs spermatogenesis by stalling the translation of CYP17A1 mRNA. Nat. Commun. 16, 6756 (2025).","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"2298_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2022.883607","volume":"9","author":"F Li","year":"2022","unstructured":"Li, F. et al. Getah virus infection rapidly causes testicular damage and decreases sperm quality in male mice. Front. Vet. Sci. 9, 883607 (2022).","journal-title":"Front. Vet. Sci."},{"key":"2298_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-024-01797-1","volume":"9","author":"YF Wang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Wang, Y. F. et al. METTL14 downregulation drives S100A4(+) monocyte-derived macrophages via MyD88\/NF-\u03baB pathway to promote MAFLD progression. Signal Transduct. Target. Ther. 9, 91 (2024).","journal-title":"Signal Transduct. Target. Ther."},{"key":"2298_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"909","DOI":"10.1021\/acsinfecdis.0c00052","volume":"6","author":"J Xu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Xu, J., Shi, P.-Y., Li, H. & Zhou, J. Broad spectrum antiviral agent niclosamide and its therapeutic potential. ACS Infect. Dis. 6, 909\u2013915 (2020).","journal-title":"ACS Infect. Dis."},{"key":"2298_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1100500","volume":"187","author":"JL Ather","year":"2011","unstructured":"Ather, J. L. et al. Serum amyloid A activates the NLRP3 inflammasome and promotes Th17 allergic asthma in mice. J. Immunol. 187, 64\u201373 (2011).","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"2298_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.01323-24","volume":"99","author":"YF Zhang","year":"2025","unstructured":"Zhang, Y. F. et al. Endothelial cell-released mitochondrial DNA promotes B cell differentiation and virus replication during severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus infection. J. Virol. 99, e0132324 (2025).","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"2298_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"374","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2009.05.007","volume":"207","author":"C Song","year":"2009","unstructured":"Song, C. et al. Serum amyloid A induction of cytokines in monocytes\/macrophages and lymphocytes. Atherosclerosis 207, 374\u2013383 (2009).","journal-title":"Atherosclerosis"},{"key":"2298_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"360","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200905-0696OC","volume":"181","author":"ES Chen","year":"2010","unstructured":"Chen, E. S. et al. Serum amyloid A regulates granulomatous inflammation in sarcoidosis through Toll-like receptor-2. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 181, 360\u2013373 (2010).","journal-title":"Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med."},{"key":"2298_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1146","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2806.212317","volume":"28","author":"J Mons","year":"2022","unstructured":"Mons, J. et al. Effects of acute dengue infection on sperm and virus clearance in body fluids of men. Emerg. Infect. Dis. 28, 1146\u20131153 (2022).","journal-title":"Emerg. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"2298_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2448","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1509773","volume":"373","author":"SE Mate","year":"2015","unstructured":"Mate, S. E. et al. Molecular evidence of sexual transmission of Ebola virus. N. Engl. J. Med. 373, 2448\u20132454 (2015).","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"2298_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"739","DOI":"10.1038\/s41422-019-0214-z","volume":"29","author":"H Li","year":"2019","unstructured":"Li, H. et al. Calcium channel blockers reduce severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV) related fatality. Cell Res. 29, 739\u2013753 (2019).","journal-title":"Cell Res."},{"key":"2298_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-22840-6","volume":"8","author":"NK Duggal","year":"2018","unstructured":"Duggal, N. K., McDonald, E. M., Ritter, J. M. & Brault, A. C. Sexual transmission of Zika virus enhances in utero transmission in a mouse model. Sci. Rep. 8, 4510 (2018).","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"2298_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2583","DOI":"10.1038\/s41564-024-01801-y","volume":"9","author":"X Zheng","year":"2024","unstructured":"Zheng, X. et al. Taurolithocholic acid protects against viral haemorrhagic fever via inhibition of ferroptosis. Nat. Microbiol. 9, 2583\u20132599 (2024).","journal-title":"Nat. Microbiol."},{"key":"2298_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2023.03.015","volume":"130","author":"G Wang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Wang, G. et al. Clinical efficacy of low-dose glucocorticoid therapy for critically ill patients with severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome: a retrospective cohort study. Int. J. Infect. Dis. 130, 153\u2013160 (2023).","journal-title":"Int. J. Infect. Dis."}],"container-title":["Nature Microbiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41564-026-02298-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41564-026-02298-3","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41564-026-02298-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,21]],"date-time":"2026-05-21T11:02:51Z","timestamp":1779361371000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41564-026-02298-3"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]]},"references-count":46,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]}},"alternative-id":["2298"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41564-026-02298-3","relation":{},"ISSN":["2058-5276"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2058-5276","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]]},"assertion":[{"value":"9 August 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"17 February 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"25 March 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}},{"value":"This content has been made available to all.","name":"free","label":"Free to read"}]}}