{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,14]],"date-time":"2026-11-14T03:53:04Z","timestamp":1794628384639,"version":"4.9.1"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,18]],"date-time":"2025-08-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1755475200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,18]],"date-time":"2025-08-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1755475200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000025","name":"U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of Mental Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RF1MH114252"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RF1MH114252"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000025","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000065","name":"U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UG3NS115637"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UG3NS115637"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000065","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000065","name":"U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UG3NS114438"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UG3NS114438"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000065","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000065","name":"U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Diversity Supplement to UG3NS115637"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Diversity Supplement to UG3NS115637"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000065","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000082","name":"NSF | Directorate for Education & Human Resources | Division of Graduate Education","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Graduate Research Fellowship"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Graduate Research Fellowship"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000082","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000010","name":"Ford Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Predoctoral Fellowship"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Predoctoral Fellowship"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000010","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nat. Nanotechnol."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"DOI":"10.1038\/s41565-025-01990-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,18]],"date-time":"2025-08-18T09:03:25Z","timestamp":1755507805000},"page":"1688-1699","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":42,"title":["Acoustically activatable liposomes as a translational nanotechnology for site-targeted drug delivery and noninvasive neuromodulation"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6841-6545","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mahaveer P.","family":"Purohit","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8304-9851","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Brenda J.","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7726-6788","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kanchan Sinha","family":"Roy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8601-9324","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yun","family":"Xiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6985-1431","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sedona N.","family":"Ewbank","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matine M.","family":"Azadian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6191-9430","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alex R.","family":"Hart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2571-2808","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gabriella P. B.","family":"Muwanga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2634-9502","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Payton J.","family":"Martinez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8933-9822","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jeffrey B.","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-3049-7280","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ali K.","family":"Taoube","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6462-6577","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eric","family":"Markarian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicholas","family":"Macedo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-0867-3591","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Audrey K.","family":"Kwan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Diego Gomez","family":"Lopez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5259-5606","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Raag D.","family":"Airan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"1990_CR1","first-page":"593","volume":"11","author":"N Lipsman","year":"2014","unstructured":"Lipsman, N., Mainprize, T. G., Schwartz, M. L., Hynynen, K. & Lozano, A. M. Intracranial applications of magnetic resonance-guided focused ultrasound. Neurother. J. Am. Soc. Exp. Neurother. 11, 593\u2013605 (2014).","journal-title":"Neurother. J. Am. Soc. Exp. Neurother."},{"key":"1990_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"675","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2020.00675","volume":"14","author":"JB Wang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Wang, J. B. et al. Focused ultrasound for noninvasive, focal pharmacologic neurointervention. Front. Neurosci. 14, 675 (2020).","journal-title":"Front. Neurosci."},{"key":"1990_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1208","DOI":"10.7150\/thno.4306","volume":"2","author":"SR Sirsi","year":"2012","unstructured":"Sirsi, S. R. & Borden, M. A. Advances in ultrasound mediated gene therapy using microbubble contrast agents. Theranostics 2, 1208\u20131222 (2012).","journal-title":"Theranostics"},{"key":"1990_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1517\/17425247.1.1.37","volume":"1","author":"WG Pitt","year":"2004","unstructured":"Pitt, W. G., Husseini, G. A. & Staples, B. J. Ultrasonic drug delivery\u2014a general review. Expert Opin. Drug Deliv. 1, 37\u201356 (2004).","journal-title":"Expert Opin. Drug Deliv."},{"key":"1990_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2753","DOI":"10.1007\/s11095-010-0277-5","volume":"27","author":"ML Fabiilli","year":"2010","unstructured":"Fabiilli, M. L., Lee, J. A., Kripfgans, O. D., Carson, P. L. & Fowlkes, J. B. Delivery of water-soluble drugs using acoustically triggered perfluorocarbon double emulsions. Pharm. Res. 27, 2753\u20132765 (2010).","journal-title":"Pharm. Res."},{"key":"1990_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbamem.2004.07.003","volume":"1665","author":"S-L Huang","year":"2004","unstructured":"Huang, S.-L. & MacDonald, R. C. Acoustically active liposomes for drug encapsulation and ultrasound-triggered release. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1665, 134\u2013141 (2004).","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta"},{"key":"1990_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2017.01.025","volume":"249","author":"Y Dou","year":"2017","unstructured":"Dou, Y., Hynynen, K. & Allen, C. To heat or not to heat: challenges with clinical translation of thermosensitive liposomes. J. Control. Release 249, 63\u201373 (2017).","journal-title":"J. Control. Release"},{"key":"1990_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"644","DOI":"10.1038\/s41551-017-0117-6","volume":"1","author":"AY Rwei","year":"2017","unstructured":"Rwei, A. Y. et al. Ultrasound-triggered local anaesthesia. Nat. Biomed. Eng. 1, 644\u2013653 (2017).","journal-title":"Nat. Biomed. Eng."},{"key":"1990_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106326","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ultsonch.2023.106326","volume":"94","author":"Y Orita","year":"2023","unstructured":"Orita, Y. et al. Acoustic-responsive carbon dioxide-loaded liposomes for efficient drug release. Ultrason. Sonochem. 94, 106326 (2023).","journal-title":"Ultrason. Sonochem."},{"key":"1990_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2019.03.021","volume":"206","author":"Q Zhong","year":"2019","unstructured":"Zhong, Q. et al. Polymeric perfluorocarbon nanoemulsions are ultrasound-activated wireless drug infusion catheters. Biomaterials 206, 73\u201386 (2019).","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"key":"1990_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"728","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2018.10.042","volume":"100","author":"JB Wang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Wang, J. B., Aryal, M., Zhong, Q., Vyas, D. B. & Airan, R. D. Noninvasive ultrasonic drug uncaging maps whole-brain functional networks. Neuron 100, 728\u2013738.e7 (2018).","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"1990_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2009.05.036","volume":"139","author":"D Zucker","year":"2009","unstructured":"Zucker, D., Marcus, D., Barenholz, Y. & Goldblum, A. Liposome drugs\u2019 loading efficiency: a working model based on loading conditions and drug\u2019s physicochemical properties. J. Control. Release 139, 73\u201380 (2009).","journal-title":"J. Control. Release"},{"key":"1990_CR13","unstructured":"Inactive Ingredients in Approved Drug Products Search: Frequently Asked Questions (FDA, 2025); https:\/\/www.accessdata.fda.gov\/scripts\/cder\/iig\/index.cfm"},{"key":"1990_CR14","unstructured":"Research C. for D. E. and Inactive Ingredients in Approved Drug Products Search: Frequently Asked Questions (FDA, 2022); https:\/\/www.accessdata.fda.gov\/scripts\/cder\/iig\/index.cfm"},{"key":"1990_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arabjc.2010.07.018","volume":"5","author":"S Nithiyanantham","year":"2012","unstructured":"Nithiyanantham, S. & Palaniappan, L. Ultrasonic study on some monosaccharides in aqueous media at 298.15K. Arab. J. Chem. 5, 25\u201330 (2012).","journal-title":"Arab. J. Chem."},{"key":"1990_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Strohm, E. M. & Kolios, M. C. Sound velocity and attenuation measurements of perfluorocarbon liquids usingphotoacoustic methods. In 2011 IEEE International Ultrasonics Symposium 2368\u20132371 (IEEE, 2011).","DOI":"10.1109\/ULTSYM.2011.0588"},{"key":"1990_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"785","DOI":"10.1088\/0031-9155\/33\/7\/002","volume":"33","author":"WL Nyborg","year":"1988","unstructured":"Nyborg, W. L. Solutions of the bio-heat transfer equation. Phys. Med. Biol. 33, 785\u2013792 (1988).","journal-title":"Phys. Med. Biol."},{"key":"1990_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"607","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brs.2024.04.013","volume":"17","author":"E Martin","year":"2024","unstructured":"Martin, E. et al. ITRUSST consensus on standardised reporting for transcranial ultrasound stimulation. Brain Stimul. 17, 607\u2013615 (2024).","journal-title":"Brain Stimul."},{"key":"1990_CR19","unstructured":"Marketing Clearance of Diagnostic Ultrasound Systems and Transducers\u2014Guidance for Industry and Food and Drug Administration Staff (FDA, 2025); https:\/\/www.fda.gov\/media\/71100\/download"},{"key":"1990_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4896","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.analchem.9b00995","volume":"91","author":"S Lendor","year":"2019","unstructured":"Lendor, S. et al. Solid phase microextraction-based miniaturized probe and protocol for extraction of neurotransmitters from brains in vivo. Anal. Chem. 91, 4896\u20134905 (2019).","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"key":"1990_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aao1200","volume":"357","author":"R Airan","year":"2017","unstructured":"Airan, R. Neuromodulation with nanoparticles. Science 357, 465\u2013465 (2017).","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"1990_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aat8078","volume":"364","author":"RN Moda-Sava","year":"2019","unstructured":"Moda-Sava, R. N. et al. Sustained rescue of prefrontal circuit dysfunction by antidepressant-induced spine formation. Science 364, eaat8078 (2019).","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"1990_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-020-2731-9","volume":"586","author":"S Vesuna","year":"2020","unstructured":"Vesuna, S. et al. Deep posteromedial cortical rhythm in dissociation. Nature 586, 87\u201394 (2020).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"1990_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"693","DOI":"10.1016\/S0031-9384(97)00520-9","volume":"63","author":"GD Gamaro","year":"1998","unstructured":"Gamaro, G. D. et al. The effects of acute and repeated restraint stress on the nociceptive response in rats. Physiol. Behav. 63, 693\u2013697 (1998).","journal-title":"Physiol. Behav."},{"key":"1990_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1398","DOI":"10.1038\/s41386-020-0663-6","volume":"45","author":"CA Farmer","year":"2020","unstructured":"Farmer, C. A. et al. Ketamine metabolites, clinical response, and gamma power in a randomized, placebo-controlled, crossover trial for treatment-resistant major depression. Neuropsychopharmacology 45, 1398\u20131404 (2020).","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"key":"1990_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2019.03.076","volume":"196","author":"D Li","year":"2019","unstructured":"Li, D. & Mashour, G. A. Cortical dynamics during psychedelic and anesthetized states induced by ketamine. NeuroImage 196, 32\u201340 (2019).","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"key":"1990_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-37463-3","volume":"14","author":"F Tian","year":"2023","unstructured":"Tian, F. et al. Characterizing brain dynamics during ketamine-induced dissociation and subsequent interactions with propofol using human intracranial neurophysiology. Nat. Commun. 14, 1748 (2023).","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"1990_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"730","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2007.10.006","volume":"63","author":"D Pinault","year":"2008","unstructured":"Pinault, D. N-Methyl d-aspartate receptor antagonists ketamine and MK-801 induce wake-related aberrant \u03b3 oscillations in the rat neocortex. Biol. Psychiatry 63, 730\u2013735 (2008).","journal-title":"Biol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"1990_CR29","unstructured":"Shafer, S. StevenLShafer\/stanpumpR (2024)."},{"key":"1990_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"522","DOI":"10.1016\/S0013-4694(97)00147-8","volume":"106","author":"SP Van Den Broek","year":"1998","unstructured":"Van Den Broek, S. P., Reinders, F., Donderwinkel, M. & Peters, M. J. Volume conduction effects in EEG and MEG. Electroencephalogr. Clin. Neurophysiol. 106, 522\u2013534 (1998).","journal-title":"Electroencephalogr. Clin. Neurophysiol."},{"key":"1990_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tins.2016.11.006","volume":"40","author":"F Barthas","year":"2017","unstructured":"Barthas, F. & Kwan, A. C. Secondary motor cortex: where \u2018sensory\u2019 meets \u2018motor\u2019 in the rodent frontal cortex. Trends Neurosci. 40, 181\u2013193 (2017).","journal-title":"Trends Neurosci."},{"key":"1990_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"112153","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2019.112153","volume":"376","author":"AJ Polis","year":"2019","unstructured":"Polis, A. J., Fitzgerald, P. J., Hale, P. J. & Watson, B. O. Rodent ketamine depression-related research: finding patterns in a literature of variability. Behav. Brain Res. 376, 112153 (2019).","journal-title":"Behav. Brain Res."},{"key":"1990_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-45157-7","volume":"15","author":"T Di Ianni","year":"2024","unstructured":"Di Ianni, T. et al. Sex dependence of opioid-mediated responses to subanesthetic ketamine in rats. Nat. Commun. 15, 893 (2024).","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"1990_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-019-13809-8","volume":"11","author":"F Ali","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ali, F. et al. Ketamine disinhibits dendrites and enhances calcium signals in prefrontal dendritic spines. Nat. Commun. 11, 72 (2020).","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"1990_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"653","DOI":"10.1016\/0091-3057(85)90291-6","volume":"22","author":"BE Hetzler","year":"1985","unstructured":"Hetzler, B. E. & Swain Wautlet, B. Ketamine-induced locomotion in rats in an open-field. Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav. 22, 653\u2013655 (1985).","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav."},{"key":"1990_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2021.05.003","volume":"127","author":"L Alexander","year":"2021","unstructured":"Alexander, L., Jelen, L. A., Mehta, M. A. & Young, A. H. The anterior cingulate cortex as a key locus of ketamine\u2019s antidepressant action. Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev. 127, 531\u2013554 (2021).","journal-title":"Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev."},{"key":"1990_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"641","DOI":"10.1213\/ane.0b013e31819237f8","volume":"108","author":"P Cuvillon","year":"2009","unstructured":"Cuvillon, P. et al. A comparison of the pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of bupivacaine, ropivacaine (with epinephrine) and their equal volume mixtures with lidocaine used for femoral and sciatic nerve blocks: a double-blind randomized study. Anesth. Analg. 108, 641\u2013649 (2009).","journal-title":"Anesth. Analg."},{"key":"1990_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"474","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-020-3008-z","volume":"589","author":"LP Cameron","year":"2021","unstructured":"Cameron, L. P. et al. A non-hallucinogenic psychedelic analogue with therapeutic potential. Nature 589, 474\u2013479 (2021).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"1990_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Reardon, S. MDMA therapy for PTSD rejected by FDA panel. Nature https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/d41586-024-01622-3 (2024).","DOI":"10.1038\/d41586-024-01622-3"},{"key":"1990_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6704","DOI":"10.1038\/s41380-021-01093-2","volume":"26","author":"J Bonaventura","year":"2021","unstructured":"Bonaventura, J. et al. Pharmacological and behavioral divergence of ketamine enantiomers: implications for abuse liability. Mol. Psychiatry 26, 6704\u20136722 (2021).","journal-title":"Mol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"1990_CR41","unstructured":"SPRAVATO\u00ae (esketamine) | Healthcare Professional Website. SPRAVATO\u00ae (esketamine): A Prescription Nasal Spray | SPRAVATO\u00ae HCP (2025); https:\/\/www.spravatohcp.com\/trd-efficacy-safety\/"},{"key":"1990_CR42","unstructured":"Swanson, L. W. Brain Maps III: Structure of the Rat Brain (Gulf Professional Publishing, 2004)."},{"key":"1990_CR43","unstructured":"Paxinos, G. & Watson, C. The Rat Brain in Stereotaxic Coordinates: Hard Cover Edition (Elsevier, 2006)."},{"key":"1990_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1930","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ultrasmedbio.2011.08.001","volume":"37","author":"MA O\u2019Reilly","year":"2011","unstructured":"O\u2019Reilly, M. A., Muller, A. & Hynynen, K. Ultrasound insertion loss of rat parietal bone appears to be proportional to animal mass at submegahertz frequencies. Ultrasound Med. Biol. 37, 1930\u20131937 (2011).","journal-title":"Ultrasound Med. Biol."},{"key":"1990_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"021314","DOI":"10.1117\/1.3360308","volume":"15","author":"BE Treeby","year":"2010","unstructured":"Treeby, B. E. & Cox, B. T. k-Wave: MATLAB toolbox for the simulation and reconstruction of photoacoustic wave fields. J. Biomed. Opt. 15, 021314 (2010).","journal-title":"J. Biomed. Opt."},{"key":"1990_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11061","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.analchem.1c01986","volume":"93","author":"KS Roy","year":"2021","unstructured":"Roy, K. S. et al. Optimizing a high-throughput solid-phase microextraction system to determine the plasma protein binding of drugs in human plasma. Anal. Chem. 93, 11061\u201311065 (2021).","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"key":"1990_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7719","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.analchem.9b00983","volume":"91","author":"M Huq","year":"2019","unstructured":"Huq, M., Tascon, M., Nazdrajic, E., Roszkowska, A. & Pawliszyn, J. Measurement of free drug concentration from biological tissue by solid-phase microextraction: in silico and experimental study. Anal. Chem. 91, 7719\u20137728 (2019).","journal-title":"Anal. Chem."},{"key":"1990_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpsgos.2021.11.012","volume":"3","author":"SA Hassani","year":"2023","unstructured":"Hassani, S. A. et al. Dose-dependent dissociation of pro-cognitive effects of donepezil on attention and cognitive flexibility in rhesus monkeys. Biol. Psychiatry Glob. Open Sci. 3, 68\u201377 (2023).","journal-title":"Biol. Psychiatry Glob. Open Sci."},{"key":"1990_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-19313-1","volume":"8","author":"E Boyac\u0131","year":"2018","unstructured":"Boyac\u0131, E. et al. High-throughput analysis using non-depletive SPME: challenges and applications to the determination of free and total concentrations in small sample volumes. Sci. Rep. 8, 1167 (2018).","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"1990_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Stenroos, P. et al. Awake rat brain functional magnetic resonance imaging using standard radio frequency coils and a 3D printed restraint kit. Front. Neurosci. 12, 548 (2018).","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2018.00548"},{"key":"1990_CR51","unstructured":"OpenBCI Software. OpenBCI. https:\/\/openbci.com\/ (2024)."},{"key":"1990_CR52","unstructured":"OpenBCI_Python. OpenBCI Archive (2024); https:\/\/github.com\/openbci-archive\/OpenBCI_Python"},{"key":"1990_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gramfort, A. et al. MEG and EEG data analysis with MNE-Python. Front. Neurosci. 7, 267 (2013).","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2013.00267"},{"key":"1990_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1109\/TAU.1967.1161901","volume":"15","author":"P Welch","year":"1967","unstructured":"Welch, P. The use of fast Fourier transform for the estimation of power spectra: a method based on time averaging over short, modified periodograms. IEEE Trans. Audio Electroacoustics 15, 70\u201373 (1967).","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Audio Electroacoustics"},{"key":"1990_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-15104-2","volume":"7","author":"A Rodriguez","year":"2017","unstructured":"Rodriguez, A., Zhang, H., Klaminder, J., Brodin, T. & Andersson, M. ToxId: an efficient algorithm to solve occlusions when tracking multiple animals. Sci. Rep. 7, 14774 (2017).","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"1990_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"460","DOI":"10.1111\/2041-210X.12874","volume":"9","author":"A Rodriguez","year":"2018","unstructured":"Rodriguez, A. et al. ToxTrac: a fast and robust software for tracking organisms. Methods Ecol. Evol. 9, 460\u2013464 (2018).","journal-title":"Methods Ecol. Evol."},{"key":"1990_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.3389\/fnmol.2017.00284","volume":"10","author":"JR Deuis","year":"2017","unstructured":"Deuis, J. R., Dvorakova, L. S. & Vetter, I. Methods used to evaluate pain behaviors in rodents. Front. Mol. Neurosci. 10, 284 (2017).","journal-title":"Front. Mol. Neurosci."},{"key":"1990_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1097\/AAP.0b013e3182176f5a","volume":"36","author":"LM Kolarczyk","year":"2011","unstructured":"Kolarczyk, L. M. & Williams, B. A. Transient heat hyperalgesia during resolution of ropivacaine sciatic nerve block in the rat. Reg. Anesth. Pain Med. 36, 220\u2013224 (2011).","journal-title":"Reg. Anesth. Pain Med."},{"key":"1990_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.12793\/tcp.2018.26.1.10","volume":"26","author":"H Kim","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kim, H., Han, S., Cho, Y.-S., Yoon, S.-K. & Bae, K.-S. Development of R packages: \u2018NonCompart\u2019 and \u2018ncar\u2019 for noncompartmental analysis (NCA). Transl. Clin. Pharmacol. 26, 10 (2018).","journal-title":"Transl. Clin. Pharmacol."},{"key":"1990_CR60","unstructured":"Airan, R. D. et al. Purohitetal. GitHub https:\/\/github.com\/Airan-Lab (2025)."}],"container-title":["Nature Nanotechnology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41565-025-01990-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41565-025-01990-5","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41565-025-01990-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,17]],"date-time":"2025-11-17T13:03:32Z","timestamp":1763384612000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41565-025-01990-5"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,18]]},"references-count":60,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]}},"alternative-id":["1990"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41565-025-01990-5","relation":{},"ISSN":["1748-3387","1748-3395"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1748-3387","type":"print"},{"value":"1748-3395","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,18]]},"assertion":[{"value":"23 October 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"24 June 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"18 August 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"R.D.A. has equity or has received consulting fees from Cordance Medical, NaviFUS and Lumos Labs and grant funding from AbbVie Inc. All other authors declare no competing interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}]}}