{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T11:47:01Z","timestamp":1789732021916,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":183,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787011200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787011200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nat Rev Cardiol"],"DOI":"10.1038\/s41569-026-01335-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T15:05:27Z","timestamp":1787065527000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Cardiac fibroblast diversity in HFpEF: states, niches, interorgan drivers and targets"],"prefix":"10.1038","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-9532-2791","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Muhammed","family":"Kiyar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6421-4970","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexander R.","family":"Pinto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John F.","family":"O\u2019Sullivan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9580-2548","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bing H.","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4058-0372","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David M.","family":"Kaye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"1335_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3272","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/cvac013","volume":"118","author":"G Savarese","year":"2020","unstructured":"Savarese, G. et al. Global burden of heart failure: a comprehensive and updated review of epidemiology. Cardiovasc. Res. 118, 3272\u20133287 (2020).","journal-title":"Cardiovasc. Res."},{"key":"1335_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.1038\/nrcardio.2017.65","volume":"14","author":"SM Dunlay","year":"2017","unstructured":"Dunlay, S. M., Roger, V. L. & Redfield, M. M. Epidemiology of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. Nat. Rev. Cardiol. 14, 591\u2013602 (2017).","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Cardiol."},{"key":"1335_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e347","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0000000000001209","volume":"149","author":"SS Martin","year":"2024","unstructured":"Martin, S. S. et al. 2024 heart disease and stroke statistics: a report of US and global data from the American Heart Association. Circulation 149, e347\u2013e913 (2024).","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"1335_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e871","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-2667(24)00215-9","volume":"9","author":"RA Fletcher","year":"2024","unstructured":"Fletcher, R. A. et al. Contemporary epidemiology of hospitalised heart failure with reduced versus preserved ejection fraction in England: a retrospective, cohort study of whole-population electronic health records. Lancet Public Health 9, e871\u2013e885 (2024).","journal-title":"Lancet Public Health"},{"key":"1335_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.114.010637","volume":"131","author":"SJ Shah","year":"2015","unstructured":"Shah, S. J. et al. Phenomapping for novel classification of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. Circulation 131, 269\u2013279 (2015).","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"1335_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2019.09.009","volume":"8","author":"JB Cohen","year":"2020","unstructured":"Cohen, J. B. et al. Clinical phenogroups in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: detailed phenotypes, prognosis, and response to spironolactone. JACC Heart Fail. 8, 172\u2013184 (2020).","journal-title":"JACC Heart Fail."},{"key":"1335_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"564","DOI":"10.1002\/ejhf.3105","volume":"26","author":"K Larson","year":"2024","unstructured":"Larson, K. et al. Clinical phenogroup diversity and multiplicity: impact on mechanisms of exercise intolerance in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. Eur. J. Heart Fail. 26, 564\u2013577 (2024).","journal-title":"Eur. J. Heart Fail."},{"key":"1335_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1760","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2025.08.012","volume":"86","author":"JW Ostrominski","year":"2025","unstructured":"Ostrominski, J. W. et al. Adiposity-related anthropometrics and clinical outcomes in heart failure with mildly reduced or preserved ejection fraction. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 86, 1760\u20131777 (2025).","journal-title":"J. Am. Coll. Cardiol."},{"key":"1335_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcmg.2018.12.034","volume":"13","author":"M Obokata","year":"2020","unstructured":"Obokata, M., Reddy, Y. N. V. & Borlaug, B. A. Diastolic dysfunction and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: understanding mechanisms by using noninvasive methods. JACC Cardiovasc. Imaging 13, 245\u2013257 (2020).","journal-title":"JACC Cardiovasc. Imaging"},{"key":"1335_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.116.026807","volume":"136","author":"M Obokata","year":"2017","unstructured":"Obokata, M., Reddy, Y. N. V., Pislaru, S. V., Melenovsky, V. & Borlaug, B. A. Evidence supporting the existence of a distinct obese phenotype of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. Circulation 136, 6\u201319 (2017).","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"1335_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.125.014031","volume":"19","author":"M Packer","year":"2026","unstructured":"Packer, M., Schiattarella, G. G. & Borlaug, B. What exactly is cardiometabolic HFpEF: a phenotype or an endotype? Circ. Heart Fail. 19, e014031 (2026).","journal-title":"Circ. Heart Fail."},{"key":"1335_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101295","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacbts.2025.04.009","volume":"10","author":"D Daou","year":"2025","unstructured":"Daou, D., Tong, D., Schiattarella, G. G., Gillette, T. G. & Hill, J. A. What is cardiometabolic HFpEF and how can we study it preclinically? JACC Basic Transl. Sci. 10, 101295 (2025).","journal-title":"JACC Basic Transl. Sci."},{"key":"1335_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1186\/s12968-018-0477-4","volume":"20","author":"C Roy","year":"2018","unstructured":"Roy, C. et al. Associations and prognostic significance of diffuse myocardial fibrosis by cardiovascular magnetic resonance in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. J. Cardiovasc. Magn. Reson. 20, 55 (2018).","journal-title":"J. Cardiovasc. Magn. Reson."},{"key":"1335_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"995","DOI":"10.1001\/jamacardio.2017.2511","volume":"2","author":"EB Schelbert","year":"2017","unstructured":"Schelbert, E. B. et al. Temporal relation between myocardial fibrosis and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: association with baseline disease severity and subsequent outcome. JAMA Cardiol. 2, 995\u20131006 (2017).","journal-title":"JAMA Cardiol."},{"key":"1335_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"550","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.114.009625","volume":"131","author":"SF Mohammed","year":"2015","unstructured":"Mohammed, S. F. et al. Coronary microvascular rarefaction and myocardial fibrosis in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. Circulation 131, 550\u2013559 (2015).","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"1335_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1247","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.114.013215","volume":"131","author":"MR Zile","year":"2015","unstructured":"Zile, M. R. et al. Myocardial stiffness in patients with heart failure and a preserved ejection fraction: contributions of collagen and titin. Circulation 131, 1247\u20131259 (2015).","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"1335_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2291","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcmg.2018.11.031","volume":"12","author":"P Kanagala","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kanagala, P. et al. Relationship between focal and diffuse fibrosis assessed by CMR and clinical outcomes in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. JACC Cardiovasc. Imaging 12, 2291\u20132301 (2019).","journal-title":"JACC Cardiovasc. Imaging"},{"key":"1335_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"712","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchf.2020.04.007","volume":"8","author":"VS Hahn","year":"2020","unstructured":"Hahn, V. S. et al. Endomyocardial biopsy characterization of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction and prevalence of cardiac amyloidosis. JACC Heart Fail. 8, 712\u2013724 (2020).","journal-title":"JACC Heart Fail."},{"key":"1335_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2219","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2020.03.020","volume":"75","author":"NG Frangogiannis","year":"2020","unstructured":"Frangogiannis, N. G. & Kovacic, J. C. Extracellular matrix in ischemic heart disease, Part 4\/4. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 75, 2219\u20132235 (2020).","journal-title":"J. Am. Coll. Cardiol."},{"key":"1335_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1966","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.105.587519","volume":"113","author":"L van Heerebeek","year":"2006","unstructured":"van Heerebeek, L. et al. Myocardial structure and function differ in systolic and diastolic heart failure. Circulation 113, 1966\u20131973 (2006).","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"1335_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"617","DOI":"10.1038\/s41580-024-00716-0","volume":"25","author":"FS Younesi","year":"2024","unstructured":"Younesi, F. S., Miller, A. E., Barker, T. H., Rossi, F. M. V. & Hinz, B. Fibroblast and myofibroblast activation in normal tissue repair and fibrosis. Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol. 25, 617\u2013638 (2024).","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol."},{"key":"1335_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"801","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-023-06311-1","volume":"619","author":"K Kanemaru","year":"2023","unstructured":"Kanemaru, K. et al. Spatially resolved multiomics of human cardiac niches. Nature 619, 801\u2013810 (2023).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"1335_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"466","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-020-2797-4","volume":"588","author":"M Litvi\u0148ukov\u00e1","year":"2020","unstructured":"Litvi\u0148ukov\u00e1, M. et al. Cells of the adult human heart. Nature 588, 466\u2013472 (2020).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"1335_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1622","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.124.072909","volume":"151","author":"A Pandey","year":"2025","unstructured":"Pandey, A. et al. TET2-mutant clonal hematopoiesis promotes heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. Circulation 151, 1622\u20131625 (2025).","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"1335_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1451","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.124.070248","volume":"151","author":"M Filipp","year":"2025","unstructured":"Filipp, M. et al. Myeloid fatty acid metabolism activates neighboring hematopoietic stem cells to promote heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. Circulation 151, 1451\u20131466 (2025).","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"1335_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1516","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.125.326264","volume":"136","author":"JP Sch\u00fctte","year":"2025","unstructured":"Sch\u00fctte, J. P. et al. Cell type\u2013specific secretome analysis reveals liver-heart crosstalk in HFpEF. Circ. Res. 136, 1516\u20131518 (2025).","journal-title":"Circ. Res."},{"key":"1335_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1186\/s12944-025-02703-6","volume":"24","author":"B Li","year":"2025","unstructured":"Li, B. et al. Adropin as a therapeutic candidate for HFpEF: evidence of oxidative stress mitigation via Nrf2\/HO-1 signaling. Lipids Health Dis. 24, 273 (2025).","journal-title":"Lipids Health Dis."},{"key":"1335_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3556","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/cvac166","volume":"118","author":"F Capone","year":"2023","unstructured":"Capone, F. et al. Cardiac metabolism in HFpEF: from fuel to signalling. Cardiovasc. Res. 118, 3556\u20133575 (2023).","journal-title":"Cardiovasc. Res."},{"key":"1335_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1038\/s44161-022-00032-w","volume":"1","author":"GG Schiattarella","year":"2022","unstructured":"Schiattarella, G. G. et al. Immunometabolic mechanisms of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. Nat. Cardiovasc. Res. 1, 211\u2013222 (2022).","journal-title":"Nat. Cardiovasc. Res."},{"key":"1335_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2139","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.079970","volume":"139","author":"A Acharya","year":"2012","unstructured":"Acharya, A. et al. The bHLH transcription factor Tcf21 is required for lineage-specific EMT of cardiac fibroblast progenitors. Development 139, 2139\u20132149 (2012).","journal-title":"Development"},{"key":"1335_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"400","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.115.307778","volume":"118","author":"AR Pinto","year":"2016","unstructured":"Pinto, A. R. et al. Revisiting cardiac cellular composition. Circ. Res. 118, 400\u2013409 (2016).","journal-title":"Circ. Res."},{"key":"1335_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e15","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.110.235531","volume":"108","author":"CL Smith","year":"2011","unstructured":"Smith, C. L., Baek, S. T., Sung, C. Y. & Tallquist, M. D. Epicardial-derived cell epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and fate specification require PDGF receptor signaling. Circ. Res. 108, e15\u2013e26 (2011).","journal-title":"Circ. Res."},{"key":"1335_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ydbio.2012.04.020","volume":"366","author":"A Wessels","year":"2012","unstructured":"Wessels, A. et al. Epicardially derived fibroblasts preferentially contribute to the parietal leaflets of the atrioventricular valves in the murine heart. Dev. Biol. 366, 111\u2013124 (2012).","journal-title":"Dev. Biol."},{"key":"1335_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1038\/nature07060","volume":"454","author":"B Zhou","year":"2008","unstructured":"Zhou, B. et al. Epicardial progenitors contribute to the cardiomyocyte lineage in the developing heart. Nature 454, 109\u2013113 (2008).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"1335_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yjmcc.2013.10.005","volume":"65","author":"CM Braitsch","year":"2013","unstructured":"Braitsch, C. M., Kanisicak, O., van Berlo, J. H., Molkentin, J. D. & Yutzey, K. E. Differential expression of embryonic epicardial progenitor markers and localization of cardiac fibrosis in adult ischemic injury and hypertensive heart disease. J. Mol. Cell Cardiol. 65, 108\u2013119 (2013).","journal-title":"J. Mol. Cell Cardiol."},{"key":"1335_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2921","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI74783","volume":"124","author":"T Moore-Morris","year":"2014","unstructured":"Moore-Morris, T. et al. Resident fibroblast lineages mediate pressure overload-induced cardiac fibrosis. J. Clin. Invest. 124, 2921\u20132934 (2014).","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest."},{"key":"1335_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.115.303794","volume":"115","author":"SR Ali","year":"2014","unstructured":"Ali, S. R. et al. Developmental heterogeneity of cardiac fibroblasts does not predict pathological proliferation and activation. Circ. Res. 115, 625\u2013635 (2014).","journal-title":"Circ. Res."},{"key":"1335_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15252\/embr.202152389","volume":"22","author":"W Chen","year":"2021","unstructured":"Chen, W. et al. Single-cell transcriptomic landscape of cardiac neural crest cell derivatives during development. EMBO Rep. 22, e52389 (2021).","journal-title":"EMBO Rep."},{"key":"1335_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2756","DOI":"10.1038\/s41588-025-02352-6","volume":"57","author":"E L\u00e1z\u00e1r","year":"2025","unstructured":"L\u00e1z\u00e1r, E. et al. Spatiotemporal gene expression and cellular dynamics of the developing human heart. Nat. Genet. 57, 2756\u20132771 (2025).","journal-title":"Nat. Genet."},{"key":"1335_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"854","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-024-07171-z","volume":"627","author":"EN Farah","year":"2024","unstructured":"Farah, E. N. et al. Spatially organized cellular communities form the developing human heart. Nature 627, 854\u2013864 (2024).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"1335_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1443","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.125.326480","volume":"137","author":"C-R Tsai","year":"2025","unstructured":"Tsai, C.-R. et al. YAP-Induced glycolysis drives fibroinflammation and disrupts fibroblast fidelity. Circ. Res. 137, 1443\u20131458 (2025).","journal-title":"Circ. Res."},{"key":"1335_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2252","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/cvaa265","volume":"117","author":"GT Squiers","year":"2020","unstructured":"Squiers, G. T. et al. Cardiac cellularity is dependent upon biological sex and is regulated by gonadal hormones. Cardiovasc. Res. 117, 2252\u20132262 (2020).","journal-title":"Cardiovasc. Res."},{"key":"1335_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1448","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.119.045115","volume":"142","author":"MA McLellan","year":"2020","unstructured":"McLellan, M. A. et al. High-resolution transcriptomic profiling of the heart during chronic stress reveals cellular drivers of cardiac fibrosis and hypertrophy. Circulation 142, 1448\u20131463 (2020).","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"1335_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-024-07291-6","volume":"629","author":"F Li","year":"2024","unstructured":"Li, F. et al. Sex differences orchestrated by androgens at single-cell resolution. Nature 629, 193\u2013200 (2024).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"1335_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"600","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2017.12.072","volume":"22","author":"DA Skelly","year":"2018","unstructured":"Skelly, D. A. et al. Single-Cell transcriptional profiling reveals cellular diversity and intercommunication in the mouse heart. Cell Rep. 22, 600\u2013610 (2018).","journal-title":"Cell Rep."},{"key":"1335_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1052","DOI":"10.1038\/s42003-024-06582-y","volume":"7","author":"DF Read","year":"2024","unstructured":"Read, D. F. et al. Single-cell analysis of chromatin and expression reveals age- and sex-associated alterations in the human heart. Commun. Biol. 7, 1052 (2024).","journal-title":"Commun. Biol."},{"key":"1335_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"H330","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.00054.2019","volume":"317","author":"MJ Ivey","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ivey, M. J., Kuwabara, J. T., Riggsbee, K. L. & Tallquist, M. D. Platelet-derived growth factor receptor-\u03b1 is essential for cardiac fibroblast survival. Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol 317, H330\u2013H344 (2019).","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol"},{"key":"1335_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.102305.4","volume":"13","author":"Y Deng","year":"2025","unstructured":"Deng, Y. et al. Cardiac fibroblasts regulate myocardium and coronary vasculature development in the murine heart via the collagen signaling pathway. eLife 13, RP102305 (2025).","journal-title":"eLife"},{"key":"1335_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-16204-w","volume":"11","author":"Y Wang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Wang, Y. et al. Single-cell analysis of murine fibroblasts identifies neonatal to adult switching that regulates cardiomyocyte maturation. Nat. Commun. 11, 2585 (2020).","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"1335_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.69854","volume":"11","author":"JT Kuwabara","year":"2022","unstructured":"Kuwabara, J. T. et al. Consequences of PDGFR\u03b1+ fibroblast reduction in adult murine hearts. eLife 11, e69854 (2022).","journal-title":"eLife"},{"key":"1335_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"665","DOI":"10.1038\/s41588-023-01337-7","volume":"55","author":"M Han","year":"2023","unstructured":"Han, M. et al. Dual genetic tracing reveals a unique fibroblast subpopulation modulating cardiac fibrosis. Nat. Genet. 55, 665\u2013678 (2023).","journal-title":"Nat. Genet."},{"key":"1335_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1906","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.116.308643","volume":"118","author":"H Kaur","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kaur, H. et al. Targeted ablation of periostin-expressing activated fibroblasts prevents adverse cardiac remodeling in mice. Circ. Res. 118, 1906\u20131917 (2016).","journal-title":"Circ. Res."},{"key":"1335_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"436","DOI":"10.1002\/path.4311","volume":"232","author":"S Zhang","year":"2014","unstructured":"Zhang, S. et al. A host deficiency of discoidin domain receptor 2 (DDR2) inhibits both tumour angiogenesis and metastasis. J. Pathol. 232, 436\u2013448 (2014).","journal-title":"J. Pathol."},{"key":"1335_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0177(199710)210:2<96::AID-AJA3>3.0.CO;2-4","volume":"210","author":"JM P\u00e9rez-Pomares","year":"1997","unstructured":"P\u00e9rez-Pomares, J. M., Mac\u00edas, D., Garc\u00eda-Garrido, L. & Mu\u00f1oz-Ch\u00e1puli, R. Contribution of the primitive epicardium to the subepicardial mesenchyme in hamster and chick embryos. Dev. Dyn. 210, 96\u2013105 (1997).","journal-title":"Dev. Dyn."},{"key":"1335_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"870","DOI":"10.1002\/dvg.20750","volume":"49","author":"A Acharya","year":"2011","unstructured":"Acharya, A., Baek, S. T., Banfi, S., Eskiocak, B. & Tallquist, M. D. Efficient inducible Cre-mediated recombination in Tcf21cell lineages in the heart and kidney. Genesis 49, 870\u2013877 (2011).","journal-title":"Genesis"},{"key":"1335_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.adk8501","volume":"10","author":"R Patrick","year":"2024","unstructured":"Patrick, R. et al. Integration mapping of cardiac fibroblast single-cell transcriptomes elucidates cellular principles of fibrosis in diverse pathologies. Sci. Adv. 10, eadk8501 (2024).","journal-title":"Sci. Adv."},{"key":"1335_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.43882","volume":"8","author":"N Farbehi","year":"2019","unstructured":"Farbehi, N. et al. Single-cell expression profiling reveals dynamic flux of cardiac stromal, vascular and immune cells in health and injury. eLife 8, e43882 (2019).","journal-title":"eLife"},{"key":"1335_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3149","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2020.02.008","volume":"30","author":"E Forte","year":"2020","unstructured":"Forte, E. et al. Dynamic interstitial cell response during myocardial infarction predicts resilience to rupture in genetically diverse mice. Cell Rep. 30, 3149\u20133163 (2020).","journal-title":"Cell Rep."},{"key":"1335_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms7930","volume":"6","author":"M Noseda","year":"2015","unstructured":"Noseda, M. et al. PDGFR\u03b1 demarcates the cardiogenic clonogenic Sca1+ stem\/progenitor cell in adult murine myocardium. Nat. Commun. 6, 6930 (2015).","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"1335_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stem.2011.10.002","volume":"9","author":"JJ Chong","year":"2011","unstructured":"Chong, J. J. et al. Adult cardiac-resident MSC-like stem cells with a proepicardial origin. Cell Stem Cell 9, 527\u2013540 (2011).","journal-title":"Cell Stem Cell"},{"key":"1335_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-021-03549-5","volume":"593","author":"MB Buechler","year":"2021","unstructured":"Buechler, M. B. et al. Cross-tissue organization of the fibroblast lineage. Nature 593, 575\u2013579 (2021).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"1335_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1186\/s13287-025-04434-y","volume":"16","author":"B Liu","year":"2025","unstructured":"Liu, B. et al. The critical role of PDGFRa + Sca1 + fibroblasts in angiogenesis and vascular repair in the corpus cavernosum. Stem Cell Res. Ther. 16, 313 (2025).","journal-title":"Stem Cell Res. Ther."},{"key":"1335_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1038\/ncb2014","volume":"12","author":"A Uezumi","year":"2010","unstructured":"Uezumi, A., Fukada, S.-I., Yamamoto, N., Takeda, S. I. & Tsuchida, K. Mesenchymal progenitors distinct from satellite cells contribute to ectopic fat cell formation in skeletal muscle. Nat. Cell Biol. 12, 143\u2013152 (2010).","journal-title":"Nat. Cell Biol."},{"key":"1335_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1038\/ncb2015","volume":"12","author":"AWB Joe","year":"2010","unstructured":"Joe, A. W. B. et al. Muscle injury activates resident fibro\/adipogenic progenitors that facilitate myogenesis. Nat. Cell Biol. 12, 153\u2013163 (2010).","journal-title":"Nat. Cell Biol."},{"key":"1335_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1764","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccell.2024.08.020","volume":"42","author":"Y Gao","year":"2024","unstructured":"Gao, Y. et al. Cross-tissue human fibroblast atlas reveals myofibroblast subtypes with distinct roles in immune modulation. Cancer Cell 42, 1764\u20131783 (2024).","journal-title":"Cancer Cell"},{"key":"1335_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-024-08008-5","volume":"635","author":"JM Amrute","year":"2024","unstructured":"Amrute, J. M. et al. Targeting immune\u2013fibroblast cell communication in heart failure. Nature 635, 423\u2013433 (2024).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"1335_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"766","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-022-05060-x","volume":"608","author":"C Kuppe","year":"2022","unstructured":"Kuppe, C. et al. Spatial multi-omic map of human myocardial infarction. Nature 608, 766\u2013777 (2022).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"1335_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.123.067504","volume":"151","author":"Y Yamada","year":"2025","unstructured":"Yamada, Y. et al. Cardiac reprogramming and Gata4 overexpression reduce fibrosis and improve diastolic dysfunction in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. Circulation 151, 379\u2013395 (2025).","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"1335_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1038\/s44161-022-00028-6","volume":"1","author":"AL Koenig","year":"2022","unstructured":"Koenig, A. L. et al. Single-cell transcriptomics reveals cell-type-specific diversification in human heart failure. Nat. Cardiovasc. Res. 1, 263\u2013280 (2022).","journal-title":"Nat. Cardiovasc. Res."},{"key":"1335_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.3390\/cells13040327","volume":"13","author":"MB Dewar","year":"2024","unstructured":"Dewar, M. B. et al. Defining transcriptomic heterogeneity between left and right ventricle-derived cardiac fibroblasts. Cells 13, 327 (2024).","journal-title":"Cells"},{"key":"1335_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/jci.insight.90558","volume":"1","author":"Y Xu","year":"2016","unstructured":"Xu, Y. et al. Single-cell RNA sequencing identifies diverse roles of epithelial cells in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. JCI Insight 1, e90558 (2016).","journal-title":"JCI Insight"},{"key":"1335_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-17740-1","volume":"11","author":"L Muhl","year":"2020","unstructured":"Muhl, L. et al. Single-cell analysis uncovers fibroblast heterogeneity and criteria for fibroblast and mural cell identification and discrimination. Nat. Commun. 11, 3953 (2020).","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"1335_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-021-00762-6","volume":"7","author":"J Liu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Liu, J. et al. Wnt\/\u03b2-catenin signalling: function, biological mechanisms, and therapeutic opportunities. Signal Transduct. Target. Ther. 7, 3 (2022).","journal-title":"Signal Transduct. Target. Ther."},{"key":"1335_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13073-025-01580-z","volume":"17","author":"M Youness","year":"2025","unstructured":"Youness, M. et al. Location and aetiology are determinants of fibroblast activation and heterogeneity in the failing human heart. Genome Med. 17, 155 (2025).","journal-title":"Genome Med."},{"key":"1335_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"eabo1984","DOI":"10.1126\/science.abo1984","volume":"377","author":"D Reichart","year":"2022","unstructured":"Reichart, D. et al. Pathogenic variants damage cell composition and single cell transcription in cardiomyopathies. Science 377, eabo1984 (2022).","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"1335_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1007\/s00395-021-00897-1","volume":"116","author":"M Rao","year":"2021","unstructured":"Rao, M. et al. Resolving the intertwining of inflammation and fibrosis in human heart failure at single-cell level. Basic Res. Cardiol. 116, 55 (2021).","journal-title":"Basic Res. Cardiol."},{"key":"1335_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916-023-03232-8","volume":"22","author":"M Fu","year":"2024","unstructured":"Fu, M. et al. Single-cell RNA sequencing in donor and end-stage heart failure patients identifies NLRP3 as a therapeutic target for arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy. BMC Med. 22, 11 (2024).","journal-title":"BMC Med."},{"key":"1335_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-025-62219-6","volume":"16","author":"JD Lanzer","year":"2025","unstructured":"Lanzer, J. D. et al. A cross-study transcriptional patient map of heart failure defines conserved multicellular coordination in cardiac remodeling. Nat. Commun. 16, 9659 (2025).","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"1335_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-022-04817-8","volume":"608","author":"M Chaffin","year":"2022","unstructured":"Chaffin, M. et al. Single-nucleus profiling of human dilated and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Nature 608, 174\u2013180 (2022).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"1335_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1807","DOI":"10.1038\/s41590-025-02267-8","volume":"26","author":"L Steele","year":"2025","unstructured":"Steele, L. et al. A single-cell and spatial genomics atlas of human skin fibroblasts reveals shared disease-related fibroblast subtypes across tissues. Nat. Immunol. 26, 1807\u20131820 (2025).","journal-title":"Nat. Immunol."},{"key":"1335_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"466","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.119.045401","volume":"142","author":"NR Tucker","year":"2020","unstructured":"Tucker, N. R. et al. Transcriptional and cellular diversity of the human heart. Circulation 142, 466\u2013482 (2020).","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"1335_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2323","DOI":"10.1038\/s41588-025-02284-1","volume":"57","author":"KM Southard","year":"2025","unstructured":"Southard, K. M. et al. Comprehensive transcription factor perturbations recapitulate fibroblast transcriptional states. Nat. Genet. 57, 2323\u20132334 (2025).","journal-title":"Nat. Genet."},{"key":"1335_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-025-66597-9","volume":"16","author":"LP Aguado-Alvaro","year":"2025","unstructured":"Aguado-Alvaro, L. P. et al. Identification of epigenetic regulators of fibrotic transformation in cardiac fibroblasts through bulk and single-cell CRISPR screens. Nat. Commun. 16, 11660 (2025).","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"1335_CR84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.123.010395","volume":"16","author":"B Ye","year":"2023","unstructured":"Ye, B. et al. Left ventricular gene expression in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction-profibrotic and proinflammatory pathways and genes. Circ. Heart Fail. 16, e010395 (2023).","journal-title":"Circ. Heart Fail."},{"key":"1335_CR85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.124.038945","volume":"14","author":"VP Jani","year":"2025","unstructured":"Jani, V. P. et al. Myocardial proteome in human heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. J. Am. Heart Assoc. 14, e038945 (2025).","journal-title":"J. Am. Heart Assoc."},{"key":"1335_CR86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"984","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/cvag084","volume":"122","author":"F Capone","year":"2026","unstructured":"Capone, F. et al. Integrated left ventricular multi-omics landscape of human cardiometabolic HFpEF. Cardiovasc. Res. 122, 984\u20131000 (2026).","journal-title":"Cardiovasc. Res."},{"key":"1335_CR87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.125.327433","volume":"139","author":"VS Hahn","year":"2026","unstructured":"Hahn, V. S. et al. Single cell analysis of human heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. Circ. Res. 139, e327433 (2026).","journal-title":"Circ. Res."},{"key":"1335_CR88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2634","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.molpharmaceut.3c00075","volume":"20","author":"F Sun","year":"2023","unstructured":"Sun, F. et al. Visualization of activated fibroblasts in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction with [18F]AlF-NOTA-FAPI-04 PET\/CT Imaging. Mol. Pharm. 20, 2634\u20132641 (2023).","journal-title":"Mol. Pharm."},{"key":"1335_CR89","volume":"60","author":"Y Su","year":"2025","unstructured":"Su, Y. et al. Myocardial fibroblast activation imaging in prediction of cardiac functional improvement of non-ischemic heart failure. Int. J. Cardiol. Heart Vasc. 60, 101752 (2025).","journal-title":"Int. J. Cardiol. Heart Vasc."},{"key":"1335_CR90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-019-1100-z","volume":"568","author":"GG Schiattarella","year":"2019","unstructured":"Schiattarella, G. G. et al. Nitrosative stress drives heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. Nature 568, 351\u2013356 (2019).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"1335_CR91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-025-56186-1","volume":"16","author":"T Mesquita","year":"2025","unstructured":"Mesquita, T. et al. Upregulated FoxO1 promotes arrhythmogenesis in mice with heart failure and preserved ejection fraction. Nat. Commun. 16, 1184 (2025).","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"1335_CR92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-45440-7","volume":"15","author":"S Ranjbarvaziri","year":"2024","unstructured":"Ranjbarvaziri, S. et al. Targeting HDAC6 to treat heart failure with preserved ejection fraction in mice. Nat. Commun. 15, 1352 (2024).","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"1335_CR93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1001","DOI":"10.1007\/s00395-024-01074-w","volume":"119","author":"JD Lanzer","year":"2024","unstructured":"Lanzer, J. D. et al. Single-cell transcriptomics reveal distinctive patterns of fibroblast activation in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. Basic Res. Cardiol. 119, 1001\u20131028 (2024).","journal-title":"Basic Res. Cardiol."},{"key":"1335_CR94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jare.2024.02.006","volume":"68","author":"G Li","year":"2025","unstructured":"Li, G. et al. Single-cell transcriptomic profiling of heart reveals ANGPTL4 linking fibroblasts and angiogenesis in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. J. Adv. Res. 68, 215\u2013230 (2025).","journal-title":"J. Adv. Res."},{"key":"1335_CR95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1298","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacbts.2023.05.012","volume":"8","author":"C Withaar","year":"2023","unstructured":"Withaar, C. et al. The cardioprotective effects of semaglutide exceed those of dietary weight loss in mice with HFpEF. JACC Basic Transl. Sci. 8, 1298\u20131314 (2023).","journal-title":"JACC Basic Transl. Sci."},{"key":"1335_CR96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1185","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.124.326042","volume":"137","author":"Z Li","year":"2025","unstructured":"Li, Z. et al. Dysregulated Protein s-Nitrosylation promotes nitrosative stress and disease progression in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. Circ. Res. 137, 1185\u20131206 (2025).","journal-title":"Circ. Res."},{"key":"1335_CR97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1038\/ni1577","volume":"9","author":"M Shi","year":"2008","unstructured":"Shi, M. et al. TRIM30 alpha negatively regulates TLR-mediated NF-kappa B activation by targeting TAB2 and TAB3 for degradation. Nat. Immunol. 9, 369\u2013377 (2008).","journal-title":"Nat. Immunol."},{"key":"1335_CR98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.123.322381","volume":"134","author":"Y-C Wang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Wang, Y.-C. et al. Indole-3-Propionic Acid Protects Against Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction. Circ. Res. 134, 371\u2013389 (2024).","journal-title":"Circ. Res."},{"key":"1335_CR99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2025.115280","volume":"163","author":"M Wang","year":"2025","unstructured":"Wang, M. et al. S100A9 inhibition ameliorates HFpEF by modulating mitochondrial fission and oxidative stress. Int. Immunopharmacol. 163, 115280 (2025).","journal-title":"Int. Immunopharmacol."},{"key":"1335_CR100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"ehaf784.1016","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehaf784.1016","volume":"46","author":"L Zanders","year":"2025","unstructured":"Zanders, L. et al. Deciphering human heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) at single cell resolution.\u00a0Eur. Heart J.\u00a046, ehaf784.1016 (2025).","journal-title":"Eur. Heart J."},{"key":"1335_CR101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Emig, R. et al. T cell-derived IFN\u03b3 instructs ECM crosslinking by cardiac fibroblasts through LOXL3 in experimental cardiometabolic HFpEF. Preprint at bioRxiv https:\/\/doi.org\/10.64898\/2026.03.16.712110 (2026).","DOI":"10.64898\/2026.03.16.712110"},{"key":"1335_CR102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI171874","volume":"133","author":"S Smolgovsky","year":"2023","unstructured":"Smolgovsky, S. et al. Impaired T cell IRE1\u03b1\/XBP1 signaling directs inflammation in experimental heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. J. Clin. Invest. 133, e171874 (2023).","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest."},{"key":"1335_CR103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.113.000604","volume":"7","author":"K Savvatis","year":"2014","unstructured":"Savvatis, K. et al. Interleukin-23 deficiency leads to impaired wound healing and adverse prognosis after myocardial infarction. Circ. Heart Fail. 7, 161\u2013171 (2014).","journal-title":"Circ. Heart Fail."},{"key":"1335_CR104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-23881-7","volume":"8","author":"K Pappritz","year":"2018","unstructured":"Pappritz, K. et al. Cardiac (myo)fibroblasts modulate the migration of monocyte subsets. Sci. Rep. 8, 5575 (2018).","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"1335_CR105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"761","DOI":"10.1038\/s44161-022-00116-7","volume":"1","author":"N Ngwenyama","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ngwenyama, N. et al. Antigen presentation by cardiac fibroblasts promotes cardiac dysfunction. Nat. Cardiovasc. Res. 1, 761\u2013774 (2022).","journal-title":"Nat. Cardiovasc. Res."},{"key":"1335_CR106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15944","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms242115944","volume":"24","author":"K Momot","year":"2023","unstructured":"Momot, K. et al. Evaluation of nitrosative\/oxidative stress and inflammation in heart failure with preserved and reduced ejection fraction. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 24, 15944 (2023).","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Sci."},{"key":"1335_CR107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4608","DOI":"10.1111\/bph.15626","volume":"178","author":"X Zhang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Zhang, X. et al. Inhibition of HSP90 S-nitrosylation alleviates cardiac fibrosis via TGF\u03b2\/SMAD3 signalling pathway. Br. J. Pharmacol. 178, 4608\u20134625 (2021).","journal-title":"Br. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"1335_CR108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"602","DOI":"10.1038\/s41401-021-00674-9","volume":"43","author":"M Zhou","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zhou, M. et al. S-nitrosylation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase mediates pressure overload-induced cardiac dysfunction and fibrosis. Acta Pharmacol. Sin. 43, 602\u2013612 (2022).","journal-title":"Acta Pharmacol. Sin."},{"key":"1335_CR109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"150589","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2024.150589","volume":"734","author":"H You","year":"2024","unstructured":"You, H., Gou, Q., Dong, M., Chang, F. & Xiu, J. Exploring the role of iNOS in HFpEF-related myocardial fibrosis: involvement of PTEN-PI3K\/AKT signaling pathway. Biochem. Biophy Res. Commun. 734, 150589 (2024).","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophy Res. Commun."},{"key":"1335_CR110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1583","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.124.072194","volume":"151","author":"O Fonseka","year":"2025","unstructured":"Fonseka, O. et al. XBP1s-EDEM2 prevents the onset and development of HFpEF by ameliorating cardiac lipotoxicity. Circulation 151, 1583\u20131605 (2025).","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"1335_CR111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1007\/s43657-022-00069-8","volume":"3","author":"L Peng","year":"2023","unstructured":"Peng, L. et al. Increased soluble epoxide hydrolase activity positively correlates with mortality in heart failure patients with preserved ejection fraction: evidence from metabolomics. Phenomics 3, 34\u201349 (2023).","journal-title":"Phenomics"},{"key":"1335_CR112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yjmcc.2025.11.005","volume":"210","author":"M Zhang","year":"2025","unstructured":"Zhang, M. et al. Soluble epoxide hydrolase deficiency rescues heart failure with preserved ejection fraction by targeting cytochrome P450 2E1. J. Mol. Cell Cardiol. 210, 98\u2013108 (2025).","journal-title":"J. Mol. Cell Cardiol."},{"key":"1335_CR113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1874","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.120.046462","volume":"143","author":"JG Travers","year":"2021","unstructured":"Travers, J. G. et al. HDAC inhibition reverses preexisting diastolic dysfunction and blocks covert extracellular matrix remodeling. Circulation 143, 1874\u20131890 (2021).","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"1335_CR114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"926","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.121.318988","volume":"131","author":"X Wu","year":"2022","unstructured":"Wu, X. et al. SIRT6 mitigates heart failure with preserved ejection fraction in diabetes. Circ. Res. 131, 926\u2013943 (2022).","journal-title":"Circ. Res."},{"key":"1335_CR115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1000","DOI":"10.1002\/ejhf.517","volume":"18","author":"FZ Marques","year":"2016","unstructured":"Marques, F. Z., Vizi, D., Khammy, O., Mariani, J. A. & Kaye, D. M. The transcardiac gradient of cardio-microRNAs in the failing heart. Eur. J. Heart Fail. 18, 1000\u20131008 (2016).","journal-title":"Eur. J. Heart Fail."},{"key":"1335_CR116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1124\/jpet.121.001251","volume":"384","author":"P Mone","year":"2023","unstructured":"Mone, P. et al. Empagliflozin improves the microRNA signature of endothelial dysfunction in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction and diabetes. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 384, 116\u2013122 (2023).","journal-title":"J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther."},{"key":"1335_CR117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3816","DOI":"10.1111\/jcmm.13654","volume":"22","author":"XL Zhou","year":"2018","unstructured":"Zhou, X. L. et al. miR-21 promotes cardiac fibroblast-to-myofibroblast transformation and myocardial fibrosis by targeting Jagged1. J. Cell Mol. Med. 22, 3816\u20133824 (2018).","journal-title":"J. Cell Mol. Med."},{"key":"1335_CR118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3397","DOI":"10.2147\/IJGM.S316285","volume":"14","author":"D Jin","year":"2021","unstructured":"Jin, D., Yang, X. Y. & Wang, J. S. MicroRNA-126 level increases during exercise rehabilitation of heart failure with a preserved ejection fraction. Int. J. Gen. Med. 14, 3397\u20133404 (2021).","journal-title":"Int. J. Gen. Med."},{"key":"1335_CR119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1323329","DOI":"10.3389\/fcvm.2024.1323329","volume":"11","author":"G Fu","year":"2024","unstructured":"Fu, G., Wang, Z. & Hu, S. Exercise improves cardiac fibrosis by stimulating the release of endothelial progenitor cell-derived exosomes and upregulating miR-126 expression. Front. Cardiovasc. Med. 11, 1323329 (2024).","journal-title":"Front. Cardiovasc. Med."},{"key":"1335_CR120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-47327-z","volume":"15","author":"B Li","year":"2024","unstructured":"Li, B. et al. Statins improve cardiac endothelial function to prevent heart failure with preserved ejection fraction through upregulating circRNA-RBCK1. Nat. Commun. 15, 2953 (2024).","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"1335_CR121","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1038\/s41569-022-00799-2","volume":"20","author":"M Pesce","year":"2023","unstructured":"Pesce, M. et al. Cardiac fibroblasts and mechanosensation in heart development, health and disease. Nat. Rev. Cardiol. 20, 309\u2013324 (2023).","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Cardiol."},{"key":"1335_CR122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1097\/CP9.0000000000000132","volume":"10","author":"M Deng","year":"2025","unstructured":"Deng, M. et al. Single-cell transcriptomics reveals Cdh2\u2013Vegfa-mediated myocyte communication as a mechanism of empagliflozin in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. Cardiol. Plus 10, 159\u2013171 (2025).","journal-title":"Cardiol. Plus"},{"key":"1335_CR123","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1604","DOI":"10.1038\/s41401-024-01265-0","volume":"45","author":"XY Ni","year":"2024","unstructured":"Ni, X. Y. et al. Empagliflozin and liraglutide ameliorate HFpEF in mice via augmenting the Erbb4 signaling pathway. Acta Pharmacol. Sin. 45, 1604\u20131617 (2024).","journal-title":"Acta Pharmacol. Sin."},{"key":"1335_CR124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1436","DOI":"10.1038\/s42003-025-08827-w","volume":"8","author":"X Xiao","year":"2025","unstructured":"Xiao, X. et al. Single-cell transcriptomic profiling reveals cell type heterogeneity between HFpEF and HFrEF. Commun. Biol. 8, 1436 (2025).","journal-title":"Commun. Biol."},{"key":"1335_CR125","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1564","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.125.326154","volume":"136","author":"ME Pepin","year":"2025","unstructured":"Pepin, M. E. et al. Mitochondrial NNT promotes diastolic dysfunction in cardiometabolic HFpEF. Circ. Res. 136, 1564\u20131578 (2025).","journal-title":"Circ. Res."},{"key":"1335_CR126","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.isci.2026.114639","volume":"29","author":"X Bu","year":"2026","unstructured":"Bu, X. et al. Thrombospondin 1 aggravates cardiac remodeling in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction by inhibiting mitophagy. iScience 29, 114639 (2026).","journal-title":"iScience"},{"key":"1335_CR127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-026-70703-w","volume":"17","author":"Y Wang","year":"2026","unstructured":"Wang, Y. et al. Pyruvate metabolism enzyme Dlat induces mitochondria protein hyperacetylation to limit fatty acid oxidation in the HFpEF heart. Nat. Commun. 17, 3929 (2026).","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"1335_CR128","first-page":"e717","volume":"22","author":"H Meng","year":"2025","unstructured":"Meng, H. et al. USP38 deletion improved diastolic dysfunction and arrhythmogenesis in heart failure mice with preserved ejection fraction. Heart Rhythm 22, e717\u2013e730 (2025).","journal-title":"Heart Rhythm"},{"key":"1335_CR129","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yjmcc.2017.12.012","volume":"115","author":"F Hohendanner","year":"2018","unstructured":"Hohendanner, F. et al. Cellular mechanisms of metabolic syndrome-related atrial decompensation in a rat model of HFpEF. J. Mol. Cell Cardiol. 115, 10\u201319 (2018).","journal-title":"J. Mol. Cell Cardiol."},{"key":"1335_CR130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1007\/s00395-023-00983-6","volume":"118","author":"MSI Dona","year":"2023","unstructured":"Dona, M. S. I. et al. Multi-omic analysis of the cardiac cellulome defines a vascular contribution to cardiac diastolic dysfunction in obese female mice. Basic Res. Cardiol. 118, 11 (2023).","journal-title":"Basic Res. Cardiol."},{"key":"1335_CR131","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.isci.2023.107759","volume":"26","author":"CD Cohen","year":"2023","unstructured":"Cohen, C. D. et al. Mapping the cellular and molecular landscape of cardiac non-myocytes in murine diabetic cardiomyopathy. iScience 26, 107759 (2023).","journal-title":"iScience"},{"key":"1335_CR132","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1742","DOI":"10.1161\/ATVBAHA.125.322700","volume":"45","author":"DI Cho","year":"2025","unstructured":"Cho, D. I. et al. ANGPTL4 prevents atherosclerosis by preserving KLF2 to suppress EndMT and mitigates endothelial dysfunction. Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. 45, 1742\u20131761 (2025).","journal-title":"Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol."},{"key":"1335_CR133","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.abq4581","volume":"16","author":"FA Trogisch","year":"2024","unstructured":"Trogisch, F. A. et al. Endothelial cells drive organ fibrosis in mice by inducing expression of the transcription factor SOX9. Sci. Transl. Med. 16, eabq4581 (2024).","journal-title":"Sci. Transl. Med."},{"key":"1335_CR134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5793","DOI":"10.7150\/thno.97767","volume":"14","author":"S Yuan","year":"2024","unstructured":"Yuan, S. et al. Knocking out USP7 attenuates cardiac fibrosis and endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition by destabilizing SMAD3 in mice with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. Theranostics 14, 5793\u20135808 (2024).","journal-title":"Theranostics"},{"key":"1335_CR135","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ehjopen\/oead129","volume":"4","author":"SJ Simmonds","year":"2023","unstructured":"Simmonds, S. J. et al. Pericyte loss initiates microvascular dysfunction in the development of diastolic dysfunction. Eur. Heart J. Open 4, oead129 (2023).","journal-title":"Eur. Heart J. Open"},{"key":"1335_CR136","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1781","DOI":"10.1002\/1873-3468.70057","volume":"599","author":"LR Vanicek","year":"2025","unstructured":"Vanicek, L. R. et al. STAT3 expression is reduced in cardiac pericytes in HFpEF and its loss reduces cellular adhesion and induces pericyte senescence. FEBS Lett. 599, 1781\u20131794 (2025).","journal-title":"FEBS Lett."},{"key":"1335_CR137","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1651","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.124.071741","volume":"151","author":"X Guo","year":"2025","unstructured":"Guo, X. et al. Lymphatic endothelial branched-chain amino acid catabolic defects undermine cardiac lymphatic integrity and drive HFpEF. Circulation 151, 1651\u20131666 (2025).","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"1335_CR138","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2817","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2020.10.022","volume":"76","author":"G Rossitto","year":"2020","unstructured":"Rossitto, G. et al. Reduced lymphatic reserve in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 76, 2817\u20132829 (2020).","journal-title":"J. Am. Coll. Cardiol."},{"key":"1335_CR139","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"664","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.125.326236","volume":"137","author":"T Venkatesan","year":"2025","unstructured":"Venkatesan, T. et al. Vagal stimulation rescues HFpEF by altering cardiac resident macrophage function. Circ. Res. 137, 664\u2013681 (2025).","journal-title":"Circ. Res."},{"key":"1335_CR140","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1271","DOI":"10.7150\/ijbs.65802","volume":"18","author":"N Zhang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zhang, N. et al. CXCR4-dependent macrophage-to-fibroblast signaling contributes to cardiac diastolic dysfunction in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. Int. J. Biol. Sci. 18, 1271\u20131287 (2022).","journal-title":"Int. J. Biol. Sci."},{"key":"1335_CR141","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacbts.2021.11.007","volume":"7","author":"M Kaye David","year":"2022","unstructured":"Kaye David, M. et al. Characterization of cardiac sympathetic nervous system and inflammatory activation in HFpEF Patients. JACC Basic Transl. Sci. 7, 116\u2013127 (2022).","journal-title":"JACC Basic Transl. Sci."},{"key":"1335_CR142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"873","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.124.324829","volume":"135","author":"S Strocchi","year":"2024","unstructured":"Strocchi, S. et al. Systems biology approach uncovers candidates for liver-heart interorgan crosstalk in HFpEF. Circ. Res. 135, 873\u2013876 (2024).","journal-title":"Circ. Res."},{"key":"1335_CR143","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1399","DOI":"10.1126\/science.abn0910","volume":"377","author":"Y Cao","year":"2022","unstructured":"Cao, Y. et al. Liver-heart cross-talk mediated by coagulation factor XI protects against heart failure. Science 377, 1399\u20131406 (2022).","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"1335_CR144","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"EVIDoa2200091","DOI":"10.1056\/EVIDoa2200091","volume":"1","author":"JA Chirinos","year":"2022","unstructured":"Chirinos, J. A. et al. Endotrophin, a collagen VI formation\u2013derived peptide, in heart failure. NEJM Evid. 1, EVIDoa2200091 (2022).","journal-title":"NEJM Evid."},{"key":"1335_CR145","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmolb.2023.1228232","volume":"10","author":"AL Reese-Petersen","year":"2023","unstructured":"Reese-Petersen, A. L. et al. Endotrophin, a fibroblast matrikine, may be a driver of fibroblast activation in fibro-inflammatory diseases. Front. Mol. Biosci. 10, 1228232 (2023).","journal-title":"Front. Mol. Biosci."},{"key":"1335_CR146","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-025-56885-9","volume":"16","author":"K Zhang","year":"2025","unstructured":"Zhang, K. et al. FGF21 protects against HFpEF by improving cardiac mitochondrial bioenergetics in mice. Nat. Commun. 16, 1661 (2025).","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"1335_CR147","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mad.2023.111818","volume":"212","author":"SS Jankauskas","year":"2023","unstructured":"Jankauskas, S. S. et al. miR-181c targets Parkin and SMAD7 in human cardiac fibroblasts: Validation of differential microRNA expression in patients with diabetes and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. Mech. Ageing Dev. 212, 111818 (2023).","journal-title":"Mech. Ageing Dev."},{"key":"1335_CR148","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.115.002724","volume":"9","author":"M Valero-Mu\u00f1oz","year":"2016","unstructured":"Valero-Mu\u00f1oz, M. et al. Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction induces beiging in adipose tissue. Circ. Heart Fail. 9, e002724 (2016).","journal-title":"Circ. Heart Fail."},{"key":"1335_CR149","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-43363-3","volume":"14","author":"ES Lau","year":"2023","unstructured":"Lau, E. S. et al. Eicosanoid and eicosanoid-related inflammatory mediators and exercise intolerance in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. Nat. Commun. 14, 7557 (2023).","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"1335_CR150","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-025-62474-7","volume":"16","author":"S Nirengi","year":"2025","unstructured":"Nirengi, S. et al. 12,13-diHOME protects against the age-related decline in cardiovascular function via attenuation of CaMKII. Nat. Commun. 16, 7088 (2025).","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"1335_CR151","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2025.133124","volume":"428","author":"CL Palm","year":"2025","unstructured":"Palm, C. L. et al. Beyond the gut: systemic levels of short-chain fatty acids are altered in patients with heart failure. Int. J. Cardiol. 428, 133124 (2025).","journal-title":"Int. J. Cardiol."},{"key":"1335_CR152","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.120.020654","volume":"10","author":"AL Beale","year":"2021","unstructured":"Beale, A. L. et al. The gut microbiome of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. J. Am. Heart Assoc. 10, e020654 (2021).","journal-title":"J. Am. Heart Assoc."},{"key":"1335_CR153","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3202","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2017.10.064","volume":"70","author":"K Schuett","year":"2017","unstructured":"Schuett, K. et al. Trimethylamine-N-oxide and heart failure with reduced versus preserved ejection fraction. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 70, 3202\u20133204 (2017).","journal-title":"J. Am. Coll. Cardiol."},{"key":"1335_CR154","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.1038\/s41374-018-0091-y","volume":"99","author":"Z Li","year":"2019","unstructured":"Li, Z. et al. Gut microbe-derived metabolite trimethylamine N-oxide induces cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis. Lab. Invest. 99, 346\u2013357 (2019).","journal-title":"Lab. Invest."},{"key":"1335_CR155","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1382","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.125.325516","volume":"136","author":"M Snelson","year":"2025","unstructured":"Snelson, M. et al. Gut-heart axis: the role of gut microbiota and metabolites in heart failure. Circ. Res. 136, 1382\u20131406 (2025).","journal-title":"Circ. Res."},{"key":"1335_CR156","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1393","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.119.043081","volume":"141","author":"DM Kaye","year":"2020","unstructured":"Kaye, D. M. et al. Deficiency of prebiotic fiber and insufficient signaling through gut metabolite-sensing receptors leads to cardiovascular disease. Circulation 141, 1393\u20131403 (2020).","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"1335_CR157","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"964","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.116.024545","volume":"135","author":"FZ Marques","year":"2017","unstructured":"Marques, F. Z. et al. High-Fiber diet and acetate supplementation change the gut microbiota and prevent the development of hypertension and heart failure in hypertensive mice. Circulation 135, 964\u2013977 (2017).","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"1335_CR158","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1165","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.123.064170","volume":"148","author":"JD Cochran","year":"2023","unstructured":"Cochran, J. D. et al. Clonal hematopoiesis in clinical and experimental heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. Circulation 148, 1165\u20131178 (2023).","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"1335_CR159","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Mentkowski, K. I. et al. Bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells mediate cellular inflammation in HFpEF. Preprint at bioRxiv https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1101\/2025.03.28.645924 (2025).","DOI":"10.1101\/2025.03.28.645924"},{"key":"1335_CR160","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1399","DOI":"10.1042\/CS20261501","volume":"140","author":"BAS Mushala","year":"2026","unstructured":"Mushala, B. A. S. et al. Adropin protects against cardiac remodeling and metabolic dysfunction in a male mouse HFpEF model. Clin. Sci. 140, 1399\u20131414 (2026).","journal-title":"Clin. Sci."},{"key":"1335_CR161","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.123.032646","volume":"13","author":"JE Doiron","year":"2024","unstructured":"Doiron, J. E. et al. Early renal denervation attenuates cardiac dysfunction in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. J. Am. Heart Assoc. 13, e032646 (2024).","journal-title":"J. Am. Heart Assoc."},{"key":"1335_CR162","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1225","DOI":"10.1007\/s00395-025-01138-5","volume":"120","author":"Z Li","year":"2025","unstructured":"Li, Z. et al. Renal denervation attenuates cardiac dysfunction in HFpEF by inhibiting the ATP-P2X7-NLRP3 inflammasome axis. Basic Res. Cardiol. 120, 1225\u20131247 (2025).","journal-title":"Basic Res. Cardiol."},{"key":"1335_CR163","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-52068-0","volume":"15","author":"S Yoshida","year":"2024","unstructured":"Yoshida, S. et al. Protein kinase N promotes cardiac fibrosis in heart failure by fibroblast-to-myofibroblast conversion. Nat. Commun. 15, 7638 (2024).","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"1335_CR164","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"438","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-021-03674-1","volume":"595","author":"M Alexanian","year":"2021","unstructured":"Alexanian, M. et al. A transcriptional switch governs fibroblast activation in heart disease. Nature 595, 438\u2013443 (2021).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"1335_CR165","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1521","DOI":"10.1038\/s44161-025-00725-y","volume":"4","author":"N Boccella","year":"2025","unstructured":"Boccella, N. et al. ANTXR1 blockade enhances cardiac function in preclinical models of heart failure. Nat. Cardiovasc. Res. 4, 1521\u20131538 (2025).","journal-title":"Nat. Cardiovasc. Res."},{"key":"1335_CR166","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1149","DOI":"10.1038\/s41401-022-01025-y","volume":"44","author":"H Wu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Wu, H. et al. Porcupine inhibitor CGX1321 alleviates heart failure with preserved ejection fraction in mice by blocking WNT signaling. Acta Pharmacol. Sin. 44, 1149\u20131160 (2023).","journal-title":"Acta Pharmacol. Sin."},{"key":"1335_CR167","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1126\/science.abm0594","volume":"375","author":"JG Rurik","year":"2022","unstructured":"Rurik, J. G. et al. CAR T cells produced in vivo to treat cardiac injury. Science 375, 91\u201396 (2022).","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"1335_CR168","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"430","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-019-1546-z","volume":"573","author":"H Aghajanian","year":"2019","unstructured":"Aghajanian, H. et al. Targeting cardiac fibrosis with engineered T cells. Nature 573, 430\u2013433 (2019).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"1335_CR169","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1785","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/cvab205","volume":"118","author":"MM Mia","year":"2021","unstructured":"Mia, M. M. et al. Loss of Yap\/Taz in cardiac fibroblasts attenuates adverse remodelling and improves cardiac function. Cardiovasc. Res. 118, 1785\u20131804 (2021).","journal-title":"Cardiovasc. Res."},{"key":"1335_CR170","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"931","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacbts.2020.07.009","volume":"5","author":"J Francisco","year":"2020","unstructured":"Francisco, J. et al. Blockade of fibroblast YAP attenuates cardiac fibrosis and dysfunction through MRTF-A inhibition. JACC Basic Transl. Sci. 5, 931\u2013945 (2020).","journal-title":"JACC Basic Transl. Sci."},{"key":"1335_CR171","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"766","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-025-08945-9","volume":"642","author":"S Cho","year":"2025","unstructured":"Cho, S. et al. Selective inhibition of stromal mechanosensing suppresses cardiac fibrosis. Nature 642, 766\u2013775 (2025).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"1335_CR172","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2385","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/cvaf208","volume":"121","author":"ED Silva","year":"2025","unstructured":"Silva, E. D. et al. Pharmacological clearance of senescent cells reduces inflammation, endothelial damage and cardiac fibrosis in HFpEF. Cardiovasc. Res. 121, 2385\u20132403 (2025).","journal-title":"Cardiovasc. Res."},{"key":"1335_CR173","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"452","DOI":"10.1097\/FJC.0000000000000878","volume":"76","author":"K Jia","year":"2020","unstructured":"Jia, K. et al. Senolytic agent navitoclax inhibits angiotensin II-induced heart failure in mice. J. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol. 76, 452\u2013460 (2020).","journal-title":"J. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol."},{"key":"1335_CR174","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"730","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/cvaf030","volume":"121","author":"SD Stojanovi\u0107","year":"2025","unstructured":"Stojanovi\u0107, S. D., Thum, T. & Bauersachs, J. Anti-senescence therapies: a new concept to address cardiovascular disease. Cardiovasc. Res. 121, 730\u2013747 (2025).","journal-title":"Cardiovasc. Res."},{"key":"1335_CR175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehag500","author":"MN Walsh","year":"2026","unstructured":"Walsh, M. N. et al. AHA\/ACC\/ESC\/WHF expert consensus document: second universal definition of heart failure (2026): AHA\/ACC\/ESC\/WHF CONSENSUS DOCUMENT. Eur. Heart J. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehag500 (2026).","journal-title":"Eur. Heart J."},{"key":"1335_CR176","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-022-30682-0","volume":"13","author":"F Peisker","year":"2022","unstructured":"Peisker, F. et al. Mapping the cardiac vascular niche in heart failure. Nat. Commun. 13, 3027 (2022).","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"1335_CR177","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jare.2022.03.003","volume":"43","author":"Y Guo","year":"2023","unstructured":"Guo, Y. et al. iNOS contributes to heart failure with preserved ejection fraction through mitochondrial dysfunction and Akt S-nitrosylation. J. Adv. Res. 43, 175\u2013186 (2023).","journal-title":"J. Adv. Res."},{"key":"1335_CR178","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1664","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.121.054858","volume":"144","author":"MK Burrage","year":"2021","unstructured":"Burrage, M. K. et al. Energetic basis for exercise-induced pulmonary congestion in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. Circulation 144, 1664\u20131678 (2021).","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"1335_CR179","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1113","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.124.325550","volume":"136","author":"YC Koay","year":"2025","unstructured":"Koay, Y. C. et al. The heart has intrinsic ketogenic capacity that mediates NAD+ therapy in HFpEF. Circ. Res. 136, 1113\u20131130 (2025).","journal-title":"Circ. Res."},{"key":"1335_CR180","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3497","DOI":"10.1002\/ehf2.13065","volume":"7","author":"W Yu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Yu, W., Chen, C. & Cheng, J. The role and molecular mechanism of FoxO1 in mediating cardiac hypertrophy. ESC Heart Fail. 7, 3497\u20133504 (2020).","journal-title":"ESC Heart Fail."},{"key":"1335_CR181","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1038\/cr.2008.328","volume":"19","author":"YE Zhang","year":"2009","unstructured":"Zhang, Y. E. Non-Smad pathways in TGF-\u03b2 signaling. Cell Res. 19, 128\u2013139 (2009).","journal-title":"Cell Res."},{"key":"1335_CR182","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"624","DOI":"10.1038\/s44161-026-00831-5","volume":"5","author":"Y Datar","year":"2026","unstructured":"Datar, Y., Chaffin, M., Simonson, B., Mandia, A. & Ellinor, P. T. An integrated cell atlas of 2.4 million cardiac cells across 209 individuals in health and disease. Nat. Cardiovasc. Res. 5, 624\u2013637 (2026).","journal-title":"Nat. Cardiovasc. Res."},{"key":"1335_CR183","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1563","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-023-02327-2","volume":"29","author":"L Sikkema","year":"2023","unstructured":"Sikkema, L. et al. An integrated cell atlas of the lung in health and disease. Nat. Med. 29, 1563\u20131577 (2023).","journal-title":"Nat. Med."}],"container-title":["Nature Reviews Cardiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41569-026-01335-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41569-026-01335-2","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41569-026-01335-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T16:02:38Z","timestamp":1787068958000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41569-026-01335-2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]]},"references-count":183,"alternative-id":["1335"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41569-026-01335-2","relation":{},"ISSN":["1759-5002","1759-5010"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1759-5002","type":"print"},{"value":"1759-5010","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]]},"assertion":[{"value":"3 August 2026","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"18 August 2026","order":2,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics"}}]}}