{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,28]],"date-time":"2025-10-28T15:04:31Z","timestamp":1761663871784,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,17]],"date-time":"2019-01-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1547683200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,3]]},"DOI":"10.1038\/s41575-019-0110-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,17]],"date-time":"2019-01-17T17:03:43Z","timestamp":1547744623000},"page":"143-144","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Better end points needed in primary sclerosing cholangitis trials"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5086-0514","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alessio","family":"Gerussi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pietro","family":"Invernizzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"110_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1038\/nrd.2015.9","volume":"15","author":"C Degirolamo","year":"2016","unstructured":"Degirolamo, C., Sabb\u00e0, C. & Moschetta, A. Therapeutic potential of the endocrine fibroblast growth factors FGF19, FGF21 and FGF23. Nat. Rev. Drug Discov. 15, 51\u201369 (2016).","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Drug Discov."},{"key":"110_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1298","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2017.07.022","volume":"67","author":"TH Karlsen","year":"2017","unstructured":"Karlsen, T. H. et al. Primary sclerosing cholangitis \u2013 a comprehensive review. J. Hepatol. 67, 1298\u20131323 (2017).","journal-title":"J. Hepatol."},{"key":"110_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3306","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-14-0208","volume":"74","author":"M Zhou","year":"2014","unstructured":"Zhou, M. et al. Separating tumorigenicity from bile acid regulatory activity for endocrine hormone FGF19. Cancer Res. 74, 3306\u20133316 (2014).","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"110_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"914","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.28257","volume":"63","author":"M Zhou","year":"2016","unstructured":"Zhou, M. et al. Engineered fibroblast growth factor 19 reduces liver injury and resolves sclerosing cholangitis in Mdr2-deficient mice. Hepatology 63, 914\u2013929 (2016).","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"110_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2018.10.035","author":"GM Hirschfield","year":"2018","unstructured":"Hirschfield, G. M. et al. Effect of NGM282, a FGF19 analogue, in primary sclerosing cholangitis: a multicentre, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 2 trial. J. Hepatol. \n                    https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jhep.2018.10.035\n                    \n                   (2018).","journal-title":"J. Hepatol."},{"key":"110_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1357","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.28256","volume":"63","author":"CY Ponsioen","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ponsioen, C. Y. et al. Surrogate endpoints for clinical trials in primary sclerosing cholangitis: review and results from an International PSC Study Group consensus process. Hepatology 63, 1357\u20131367 (2016).","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"110_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1097\/MOG.0000000000000352","volume":"33","author":"AC Cheung","year":"2017","unstructured":"Cheung, A. C. et al. Emerging pharmacologic therapies for primary sclerosing cholangitis. Curr. Opin. Gastroenterol. 33, 149\u2013157 (2017).","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"110_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2017.05.009","volume":"67","author":"P Fickert","year":"2017","unstructured":"Fickert, P. et al. norUrsodeoxycholic acid improves cholestasis in primary sclerosing cholangitis. J. Hepatol. 67, 549\u2013558 (2017).","journal-title":"J. Hepatol."},{"key":"110_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1135","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2016-312354","volume":"67","author":"PJ Trivedi","year":"2018","unstructured":"Trivedi, P. J. et al. Vascular adhesion protein-1 is elevated in primary sclerosing cholangitis, is predictive of clinical outcome and facilitates recruitment of gut-tropic lymphocytes to liver in a substrate-dependent manner. Gut 67, 1135\u20131145 (2018).","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"110_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1279","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2017.07.026","volume":"1864","author":"M Pinzani","year":"2018","unstructured":"Pinzani, M. & Luong, T. V. Pathogenesis of biliary fibrosis. Biochim. Biophys. Acta Mol. Basis Dis. 1864, 1279\u20131283 (2018).","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta Mol. Basis Dis."}],"container-title":["Nature Reviews Gastroenterology &amp; Hepatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41575-019-0110-5","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41575-019-0110-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41575-019-0110-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,20]],"date-time":"2023-05-20T21:51:15Z","timestamp":1684619475000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41575-019-0110-5"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,17]]},"references-count":10,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,3]]}},"alternative-id":["110"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41575-019-0110-5","relation":{},"ISSN":["1759-5045","1759-5053"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1759-5045"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1759-5053"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,17]]},"assertion":[{"value":"17 January 2019","order":1,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}]}}