{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,7]],"date-time":"2026-11-07T22:46:30Z","timestamp":1794091590040,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":124,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,18]],"date-time":"2018-12-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1545091200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nat Rev Urol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,3]]},"DOI":"10.1038\/s41585-018-0135-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,18]],"date-time":"2018-12-18T04:39:15Z","timestamp":1545107955000},"page":"187-200","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":146,"title":["Urologic chronic pelvic pain syndrome: insights from the MAPP Research Network"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"16","author":[{"name":"on behalf of the MAPP Research Network Study Group","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. Quentin","family":"Clemens","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chris","family":"Mullins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A. Lenore","family":"Ackerman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tamara","family":"Bavendam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adrie","family":"van Bokhoven","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benjamin M.","family":"Ellingson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steven E.","family":"Harte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jason J.","family":"Kutch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H. Henry","family":"Lai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katherine T.","family":"Martucci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Moldwin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bruce D.","family":"Naliboff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michel A.","family":"Pontari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Siobhan","family":"Sutcliffe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. Richard","family":"Landis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"135_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1354","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2007.05.157","volume":"178","author":"JQ Clemens","year":"2007","unstructured":"Clemens, J. Q., Markossian, T. W., Meenan, R. T., O\u2019Keeffe Rosetti, M. C. & Calhoun, E. A. Overlap of voiding symptoms, storage symptoms and pain in men and women. J. Urol. 178, 1354\u20131358 (2007).","journal-title":"J. Urol."},{"key":"135_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"450","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2006.09.032","volume":"177","author":"LM Bogart","year":"2007","unstructured":"Bogart, L. M., Berry, S. H. & Clemens, J. Q. Symptoms of interstitial cystitis, painful bladder syndrome and similar diseases in women: a systematic review. J. Urol. 177, 450\u2013456 (2007).","journal-title":"J. Urol."},{"key":"135_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1690","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMcp060423","volume":"355","author":"AJ Schaeffer","year":"2006","unstructured":"Schaeffer, A. J. Clinical practice. Chronic prostatitis and the chronic pelvic pain syndrome. N. Engl. J. Med. 355, 1690\u20131698 (2006).","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"135_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Held, P. J., Hanno, P. M., Wein, A. J., Pauly, M. V. & Cahn, M. A. in Interstitial Cystitis (eds Hanno, P. M., Staskin, D. R., Krane, R. J. & Wein, A. J.) 29\u201348 (Springer-Verlag, 1990).","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4471-3293-6_4"},{"key":"135_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"540","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2011.03.132","volume":"186","author":"SH Berry","year":"2011","unstructured":"Berry, S. H. et al. Prevalence of symptoms of bladder pain syndrome\/interstitial cystitis among adult females in the United States. J. Urol. 186, 540\u2013544 (2011).","journal-title":"J. Urol."},{"key":"135_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2012.08.088","volume":"189","author":"AM Suskind","year":"2013","unstructured":"Suskind, A. M. et al. The prevalence and overlap of interstitial cystitis\/bladder pain syndrome and chronic prostatitis\/chronic pelvic pain syndrome in men: results of the RAND Interstitial Cystitis Epidemiology male study. J. Urol. 189, 141\u2013145 (2013).","journal-title":"J. Urol."},{"key":"135_CR7","first-page":"509","volume":"99","author":"NA Daniels","year":"2007","unstructured":"Daniels, N. A., Link, C. L., Barry, M. J. & McKinlay, J. B. Association between past urinary tract infections and current symptoms suggestive of chronic prostatitis\/chronic pelvic pain syndrome. J. Natl Med. Assoc. 99, 509\u2013516 (2007).","journal-title":"J. Natl Med. Assoc."},{"key":"135_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2490-14-57","volume":"14","author":"JQ Clemens","year":"2014","unstructured":"Clemens, J. Q. et al. The MAPP Research Network: a novel study of urologic chronic pelvic pain syndromes. BMC Urol. 14, 57 (2014).","journal-title":"BMC Urol."},{"key":"135_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2490-14-58","volume":"14","author":"JR Landis","year":"2014","unstructured":"Landis, J. R. et al. The MAPP Research Network: design, patient characterization and operations. BMC Urol. 14, 58 (2014).","journal-title":"BMC Urol."},{"key":"135_CR10","unstructured":"US National Library of Medicine. ClinicalTrials.gov \n                    https:\/\/clinicaltrials.gov\/ct2\/show\/NCT01098279\n                    \n                   (2014)."},{"key":"135_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"622","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2017.03.132","volume":"198","author":"HH Lai","year":"2017","unstructured":"Lai, H. H. et al. Characterization of whole body pain in urological chronic pelvic pain syndrome at baseline: a MAPP Research Network study. J. Urol. 198, 622\u2013631 (2017).","journal-title":"J. Urol."},{"key":"135_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1254","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2014.10.086","volume":"193","author":"JN Krieger","year":"2015","unstructured":"Krieger, J. N. et al. Relationship between chronic nonurological associated somatic syndromes and symptom severity in urological chronic pelvic pain syndromes: baseline evaluation of the MAPP study. J. Urol. 193, 1254\u20131262 (2015).","journal-title":"J. Urol."},{"key":"135_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.2217\/pmt-2015-0002","volume":"6","author":"AJ Maurer","year":"2016","unstructured":"Maurer, A. J., Lissounov, A., Knezevic, I., Candido, K. D. & Knezevic, N. N. Pain and sex hormones: a review of current understanding. Pain Manag. 6, 285\u2013296 (2016).","journal-title":"Pain Manag."},{"key":"135_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1848","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2009.12.103","volume":"183","author":"SH Berry","year":"2010","unstructured":"Berry, S. H. et al. Development, validation and testing of an epidemiological case definition of interstitial cystitis\/painful bladder syndrome. J. Urol. 183, 1848\u20131852 (2010).","journal-title":"J. Urol."},{"key":"135_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1634","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2015.05.105","volume":"194","author":"HH Lai","year":"2015","unstructured":"Lai, H. H. et al. Painful bladder filling and painful urgency are distinct characteristics in men and women with urological chronic pelvic pain syndromes: a MAPP Research Network study. J. Urol. 194, 1634\u20131641 (2015).","journal-title":"J. Urol."},{"key":"135_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"983","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urology.2009.06.078","volume":"74","author":"JQ Clemens","year":"2009","unstructured":"Clemens, J. Q. et al. Validation of a modified National Institutes of Health chronic prostatitis symptom index to assess genitourinary pain in both men and women. Urology 74, 983\u2013987 (2009).","journal-title":"Urology"},{"key":"135_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"949","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2015.11.012","volume":"195","author":"JW Griffith","year":"2016","unstructured":"Griffith, J. W. et al. Pain and urinary symptoms should not be combined into a single score: psychometric findings from the MAPP Research Network. J. Urol. 195, 949\u2013954 (2016).","journal-title":"J. Urol."},{"key":"135_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1016\/S0090-4295(99)80333-1","volume":"49","author":"MP O\u2019Leary","year":"1997","unstructured":"O\u2019Leary, M. P. et al. The interstitial cystitis symptom index and problem index. Urology 49, 58\u201363 (1997).","journal-title":"Urology"},{"key":"135_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1016\/S0090-4295(01)01075-5","volume":"57","author":"NE Rothrock","year":"2001","unstructured":"Rothrock, N. E., Lutgendorf, S. K., Kreder, K. J., Ratliff, T. L. & Zimmerman, B. Daily stress and symptom exacerbation in interstitial cystitis patients. Urology 57, 122 (2001).","journal-title":"Urology"},{"key":"135_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1047","DOI":"10.1007\/s00192-015-2652-6","volume":"26","author":"S Sutcliffe","year":"2015","unstructured":"Sutcliffe, S. et al. Urological chronic pelvic pain syndrome flares and their impact: qualitative analysis in the MAPP network. Int. Urogynecol. J. 26, 1047\u20131060 (2015).","journal-title":"Int. Urogynecol. J."},{"key":"135_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.22534","volume":"34","author":"S Sutcliffe","year":"2015","unstructured":"Sutcliffe, S. et al. Changes in symptoms during urologic chronic pelvic pain syndrome symptom flares: findings from one site of the MAPP Research Network. Neurourol. Urodyn. 34, 188\u2013195 (2015).","journal-title":"Neurourol. Urodyn."},{"key":"135_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"916","DOI":"10.1111\/bju.12778","volume":"114","author":"S Sutcliffe","year":"2014","unstructured":"Sutcliffe, S. et al. Urological chronic pelvic pain syndrome symptom flares: characterisation of the full range of flares at two sites in the Multidisciplinary Approach to the Study of Chronic Pelvic Pain (MAPP) Research Network. BJU Int. 114, 916\u2013925 (2014).","journal-title":"BJU Int."},{"key":"135_CR23","first-page":"86","volume":"15","author":"DC Webster","year":"1995","unstructured":"Webster, D. C. & Brennan, T. Self-care strategies used for acute attack of interstitial cystitis. Urol. Nurs. 15, 86\u201393 (1995).","journal-title":"Urol. Nurs."},{"key":"135_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"568","DOI":"10.1016\/S0090-4295(96)00234-8","volume":"48","author":"RB Alexander","year":"1996","unstructured":"Alexander, R. B. & Trissel, D. Chronic prostatitis: results of an Internet survey. Urology 48, 568\u2013574 (1996).","journal-title":"Urology"},{"key":"135_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1376","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urology.2013.07.015","volume":"82","author":"AS Herati","year":"2013","unstructured":"Herati, A. S. et al. Effects of foods and beverages on the symptoms of chronic prostatitis\/chronic pelvic pain syndrome. Urology 82, 1376\u20131380 (2013).","journal-title":"Urology"},{"key":"135_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2007.03.020","volume":"178","author":"B Shorter","year":"2007","unstructured":"Shorter, B., Lesser, M., Moldwin, R. M. & Kushner, L. Effect of comestibles on symptoms of interstitial cystitis. J. Urol. 178, 145\u2013152 (2007).","journal-title":"J. Urol."},{"key":"135_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.publhealth.21.1.193","volume":"21","author":"M Maclure","year":"2000","unstructured":"Maclure, M. & Mittleman, M. A. Should we use a case-crossover design? Annu. Rev. Public Health 21, 193\u2013221 (2000).","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Public Health"},{"key":"135_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1245","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2017.12.050","volume":"199","author":"S Sutcliffe","year":"2018","unstructured":"Sutcliffe, S. et al. A case-crossover study of urological chronic pelvic pain syndrome flare triggers in the MAPP Research Network. J. Urol. 199, 1245\u20131251 (2018).","journal-title":"J. Urol."},{"key":"135_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"702","DOI":"10.1097\/MEG.0b013e328351b2c2","volume":"24","author":"YR Tang","year":"2012","unstructured":"Tang, Y. R., Yang, W. W., Wang, Y. L. & Lin, L. Sex differences in the symptoms and psychological factors that influence quality of life in patients with irritable bowel syndrome. Eur. J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. 24, 702\u2013707 (2012).","journal-title":"Eur. J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"key":"135_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1007\/s12160-012-9463-5","volume":"45","author":"B Poeschla","year":"2013","unstructured":"Poeschla, B., Strachan, E., Dansie, E., Buchwald, D. S. & Afari, N. Chronic fatigue and personality: a twin study of causal pathways and shared liabilities. Ann. Behav. Med. 45, 289\u2013298 (2013).","journal-title":"Ann. Behav. Med."},{"key":"135_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0404.2011.01490.x","volume":"124","author":"K Aaseth","year":"2011","unstructured":"Aaseth, K. et al. Personality traits and psychological distress in persons with chronic tension-type headache. The Akershus study of chronic headache. Acta Neurol. Scand. 124, 375\u2013382 (2011).","journal-title":"Acta Neurol. Scand."},{"key":"135_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1319","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urology.2015.02.047","volume":"85","author":"BD Naliboff","year":"2015","unstructured":"Naliboff, B. D. et al. Widespread psychosocial difficulties in men and women with urologic chronic pelvic pain syndromes: case-control findings from the multidisciplinary approach to the study of chronic pelvic pain research network. Urology 85, 1319\u20131327 (2015).","journal-title":"Urology"},{"key":"135_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"848","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2017.05.065","volume":"198","author":"BD Naliboff","year":"2017","unstructured":"Naliboff, B. D. et al. Clinical and psychosocial predictors of urological chronic pelvic pain symptom change in 1 year: a prospective study from the MAPP Research Network. J. Urol. 198, 848\u2013857 (2017).","journal-title":"J. Urol."},{"key":"135_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2233","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2012.08.043","volume":"188","author":"L Mordasini","year":"2012","unstructured":"Mordasini, L. et al. Chronic pelvic pain syndrome in men is associated with reduction of relative gray matter volume in the anterior cingulate cortex compared to healthy controls. J. Urol. 188, 2233\u20132237 (2012).","journal-title":"J. Urol."},{"key":"135_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2011.03.027","volume":"186","author":"MA Farmer","year":"2011","unstructured":"Farmer, M. A. et al. Brain functional and anatomical changes in chronic prostatitis\/chronic pelvic pain syndrome. J. Urol. 186, 117\u2013124 (2011).","journal-title":"J. Urol."},{"key":"135_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pneurobio.2008.09.018","volume":"87","author":"AV Apkarian","year":"2009","unstructured":"Apkarian, A. V., Baliki, M. N. & Geha, P. Y. Towards a theory of chronic pain. Prog. Neurobiol. 87, 81\u201397 (2009).","journal-title":"Prog. Neurobiol."},{"key":"135_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S80","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2007.03.054","volume":"37","author":"X Moisset","year":"2007","unstructured":"Moisset, X. & Bouhassira, D. Brain imaging of neuropathic pain. Neuroimage 37 (Suppl. 1), S80\u2013S88 (2007).","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"135_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2007.07.012","volume":"55","author":"I Tracey","year":"2007","unstructured":"Tracey, I. & Mantyh, P. W. The cerebral signature for pain perception and its modulation. Neuron 55, 377\u2013391 (2007).","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"135_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1007\/s11916-006-0069-0","volume":"10","author":"RE Harris","year":"2006","unstructured":"Harris, R. E. & Clauw, D. J. How do we know that the pain in fibromyalgia is \u201creal\u201d. Curr. Pain Headache Rep. 10, 403\u2013407 (2006).","journal-title":"Curr. Pain Headache Rep."},{"key":"135_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1038\/nrurol.2010.227","volume":"8","author":"SA Allsop","year":"2011","unstructured":"Allsop, S. A. et al. The DABBEC phenotyping system: towards a mechanistic understanding of CP\/CPPS. Nat. Rev. Urol. 8, 107\u2013113 (2011).","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Urol."},{"key":"135_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2015.12.009","volume":"12","author":"JR Alger","year":"2016","unstructured":"Alger, J. R. et al. Multisite, multimodal neuroimaging of chronic urological pelvic pain: methodology of the MAPP Research Network. Neuroimage Clin. 12, 65\u201377 (2016).","journal-title":"Neuroimage Clin."},{"key":"135_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1755","DOI":"10.1097\/j.pain.0000000000000238","volume":"156","author":"KT Martucci","year":"2015","unstructured":"Martucci, K. T. et al. The posterior medial cortex in urologic chronic pelvic pain syndrome: detachment from default mode network-a resting-state study from the MAPP Research Network. Pain 156, 1755\u20131764 (2015).","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"135_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2014.08.042","volume":"193","author":"AE Kairys","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kairys, A. E. et al. Increased brain gray matter in the primary somatosensory cortex is associated with increased pain and mood disturbance in patients with interstitial cystitis\/painful bladder syndrome. J. Urol. 193, 131\u2013137 (2015).","journal-title":"J. Urol."},{"key":"135_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2015.02.082","volume":"194","author":"MA Farmer","year":"2015","unstructured":"Farmer, M. A. et al. Brain white matter abnormalities in female interstitial cystitis\/bladder pain syndrome: a MAPP network neuroimaging study. J. Urol. 194, 118\u2013126 (2015).","journal-title":"J. Urol."},{"key":"135_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"947","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2014.03.093","volume":"192","author":"LA Kilpatrick","year":"2014","unstructured":"Kilpatrick, L. A. et al. Alterations in resting state oscillations and connectivity in sensory and motor networks in women with interstitial cystitis\/painful bladder syndrome. J. Urol. 192, 947\u2013955 (2014).","journal-title":"J. Urol."},{"key":"135_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2502","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2014.09.002","volume":"155","author":"E Bagarinao","year":"2014","unstructured":"Bagarinao, E. et al. Preliminary structural MRI based brain classification of chronic pelvic pain: a MAPP network study. Pain 155, 2502\u20132509 (2014).","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"135_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2015.05.013","volume":"8","author":"JJ Kutch","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kutch, J. J. et al. Altered resting state neuromotor connectivity in men with chronic prostatitis\/chronic pelvic pain syndrome: a MAPP: research network neuroimaging study. Neuroimage Clin. 8, 493\u2013502 (2015).","journal-title":"Neuroimage Clin."},{"key":"135_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2782","DOI":"10.1097\/j.pain.0000000000000703","volume":"157","author":"L Huang","year":"2016","unstructured":"Huang, L. et al. Brain white matter changes associated with urological chronic pelvic pain syndrome: multisite neuroimaging from a MAPP case-control study. Pain 157, 2782\u20132791 (2016).","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"135_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0140250","volume":"10","author":"D Woodworth","year":"2015","unstructured":"Woodworth, D. et al. Unique microstructural changes in the brain associated with urological chronic pelvic pain syndrome (UCPPS) revealed by diffusion tensor MRI, super-resolution track density imaging, and statistical parameter mapping: a MAPP network neuroimaging study. PLOS ONE 10, e0140250 (2015).","journal-title":"PLOS ONE"},{"key":"135_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1069","DOI":"10.1097\/j.pain.0000000000000886","volume":"158","author":"JJ Kutch","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kutch, J. J. et al. Resting-state functional connectivity predicts longitudinal pain symptom change in urologic chronic pelvic pain syndrome: a MAPP network study. Pain 158, 1069\u20131082 (2017).","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"135_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13811","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2073-14.2014","volume":"34","author":"S Asavasopon","year":"2014","unstructured":"Asavasopon, S. et al. Cortical activation associated with muscle synergies of the human male pelvic floor. J. Neurosci. 34, 13811\u201313818 (2014).","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"135_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14708","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1971-15.2015","volume":"35","author":"M Rana","year":"2015","unstructured":"Rana, M., Yani, M. S., Asavasopon, S., Fisher, B. E. & Kutch, J. J. Brain connectivity associated with muscle synergies in humans. J. Neurosci. 35, 14708\u201314716 (2015).","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"135_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2007.04.061","volume":"37","author":"D Griffiths","year":"2007","unstructured":"Griffiths, D., Tadic, S. D., Schaefer, W. & Resnick, N. M. Cerebral control of the bladder in normal and urge-incontinent women. Neuroimage 37, 1\u20137 (2007).","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"135_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"652","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.21240","volume":"31","author":"SD Tadic","year":"2012","unstructured":"Tadic, S. D. et al. Brain activity underlying impaired continence control in older women with overactive bladder. Neurourol. Urodyn. 31, 652\u2013658 (2012).","journal-title":"Neurourol. Urodyn."},{"key":"135_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn2401","volume":"9","author":"CJ Fowler","year":"2008","unstructured":"Fowler, C. J., Griffiths, D. & de Groat, W. C. The neural control of micturition. Nat. Rev. Neurosci. 9, 453\u2013466 (2008).","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurosci."},{"key":"135_CR56","unstructured":"Mai, J. & Paxinos, G. (eds) The Human Nervous System (Elsevier Academic Press, 2012)."},{"key":"135_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1477","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ju.0000173007.84102.7c","volume":"174","author":"JP Kuhtz-Buschbeck","year":"2005","unstructured":"Kuhtz-Buschbeck, J. P. et al. Cortical representation of the urge to void: a functional magnetic resonance imaging study. J. Urol. 174, 1477\u20131481 (2005).","journal-title":"J. Urol."},{"key":"135_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5085(99)70547-0","volume":"117","author":"GK Turnbull","year":"1999","unstructured":"Turnbull, G. K., Hamdy, S., Aziz, Q., Singh, K. D. & Thompson, D. G. The cortical topography of human anorectal musculature. Gastroenterology 117, 32\u201339 (1999).","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"135_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"570","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2017.11.014","volume":"17","author":"DE Harper","year":"2018","unstructured":"Harper, D. E. et al. Relationships between brain metabolite levels, functional connectivity, and negative mood in urologic chronic pelvic pain syndrome patients compared to controls: a MAPP Research Network study. Neuroimage Clin. 17, 570\u2013578 (2018).","journal-title":"Neuroimage Clin."},{"key":"135_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1979","DOI":"10.1097\/j.pain.0000000000001001","volume":"158","author":"JJ Kutch","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kutch, J. J. et al. Brain signature and functional impact of centralized pain: a multidisciplinary approach to the study of chronic pelvic pain (MAPP) network study. Pain 158, 1979\u20131991 (2017).","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"135_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"639","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2015.09.092","volume":"195","author":"NM Kleinhans","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kleinhans, N. M., Yang, C. C., Strachan, E. D., Buchwald, D. S. & Maravilla, K. R. Alterations in connectivity on functional magnetic resonance imaging with provocation of lower urinary tract symptoms: a MAPP Research Network feasibility study of urological chronic pelvic pain syndromes. J. Urol. 195, 639\u2013645 (2016).","journal-title":"J. Urol."},{"key":"135_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejpain.2004.11.001","volume":"9","author":"AV Apkarian","year":"2005","unstructured":"Apkarian, A. V., Bushnell, M. C., Treede, R. D. & Zubieta, J. K. Human brain mechanisms of pain perception and regulation in health and disease. Eur. J. Pain 9, 463\u2013484 (2005).","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pain"},{"key":"135_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1333","DOI":"10.1002\/art.10225","volume":"46","author":"RH Gracely","year":"2002","unstructured":"Gracely, R. H., Petzke, F., Wolf, J. M. & Clauw, D. J. Functional magnetic resonance imaging evidence of augmented pain processing in fibromyalgia. Arthritis Rheum. 46, 1333\u20131343 (2002).","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"135_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rdc.2009.06.006","volume":"35","author":"K Ablin","year":"2009","unstructured":"Ablin, K. & Clauw, D. J. From fibrositis to functional somatic syndromes to a bell-shaped curve of pain and sensory sensitivity: evolution of a clinical construct. Rheum. Dis. Clin. North Am. 35, 233\u2013251 (2009).","journal-title":"Rheum. Dis. Clin. North Am."},{"key":"135_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.1007\/s11926-005-0018-7","volume":"7","author":"RB Fillingim","year":"2005","unstructured":"Fillingim, R. B. Individual differences in pain responses. Curr. Rheumatol. Rep. 7, 342\u2013347 (2005).","journal-title":"Curr. Rheumatol. Rep."},{"key":"135_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"556","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2009.02.002","volume":"10","author":"L Arendt-Nielsen","year":"2009","unstructured":"Arendt-Nielsen, L. & Yarnitsky, D. Experimental and clinical applications of quantitative sensory testing applied to skin, muscles and viscera. J. Pain 10, 556\u2013572 (2009).","journal-title":"J. Pain"},{"key":"135_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2006.01.455","volume":"7","author":"RE Harris","year":"2006","unstructured":"Harris, R. E. et al. Comparison of clinical and evoked pain measures in fibromyalgia. J. Pain 7, 521\u2013527 (2006).","journal-title":"J. Pain"},{"key":"135_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3959(96)03188-0","volume":"68","author":"E Kosek","year":"1996","unstructured":"Kosek, E., Ekholm, J. & Hansson, P. Sensory dysfunction in fibromyalgia patients with implications for pathogenic mechanisms. Pain 68, 375\u2013383 (1996).","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"135_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3699","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v13.i27.3699","volume":"13","author":"CH Wilder-Smith","year":"2007","unstructured":"Wilder-Smith, C. H. & Robert-Yap, J. Abnormal endogenous pain modulation and somatic and visceral hypersensitivity in female patients with irritable bowel syndrome. World J. Gastroenterol. 13, 3699\u20133704 (2007).","journal-title":"World J. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"135_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"T61","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2011.08.006","volume":"12","author":"JD Greenspan","year":"2011","unstructured":"Greenspan, J. D. et al. Pain sensitivity risk factors for chronic TMD: descriptive data and empirically identified domains from the OPPERA case control study. J. Pain 12, T61\u2013T74 (2011).","journal-title":"J. Pain"},{"key":"135_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3959(95)00068-2","volume":"63","author":"W Maixner","year":"1995","unstructured":"Maixner, W., Fillingim, R., Booker, D. & Sigurdsson, A. Sensitivity of patients with painful temporomandibular disorders to experimentally evoked pain. Pain 63, 341\u2013351 (1995).","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"135_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"613","DOI":"10.1002\/art.20063","volume":"50","author":"T Giesecke","year":"2004","unstructured":"Giesecke, T. et al. Evidence of augmented central pain processing in idiopathic chronic low back pain. Arthritis Rheum. 50, 613\u2013623 (2004).","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"135_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3956(96)00051-9","volume":"31","author":"DJ Clauw","year":"1997","unstructured":"Clauw, D. J. et al. The relationship between fibromyalgia and interstitial cystitis. J. Psychiatr. Res. 31, 125\u2013131 (1997).","journal-title":"J. Psychiatr. Res."},{"key":"135_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"627","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.20178","volume":"24","author":"MP Fitzgerald","year":"2005","unstructured":"Fitzgerald, M. P., Koch, D. & Senka, J. Visceral and cutaneous sensory testing in patients with painful bladder syndrome. Neurourol. Urodyn. 24, 627\u2013632 (2005).","journal-title":"Neurourol. Urodyn."},{"key":"135_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1294","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2013.11.099","volume":"191","author":"HH Lai","year":"2014","unstructured":"Lai, H. H., Gardner, V., Ness, T. J. & Gereau, R. W. 4th Segmental hyperalgesia to mechanical stimulus in interstitial cystitis\/bladder pain syndrome: evidence of central sensitization. J. Urol. 191, 1294\u20131299 (2014).","journal-title":"J. Urol."},{"key":"135_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2013.08.024","volume":"191","author":"TJ Ness","year":"2014","unstructured":"Ness, T. J., Lloyd, L. K. & Fillingim, R. B. An endogenous pain control system is altered in subjects with interstitial cystitis. J. Urol. 191, 364\u2013370 (2014).","journal-title":"J. Urol."},{"key":"135_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1983","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ju.0000158452.15915.e2","volume":"173","author":"TJ Ness","year":"2005","unstructured":"Ness, T. J., Powell-Boone, T., Cannon, R., Lloyd, L. K. & Fillingim, R. B. Psychophysical evidence of hypersensitivity in subjects with interstitial cystitis. J. Urol. 173, 1983\u20131987 (2005).","journal-title":"J. Urol."},{"key":"135_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"633","DOI":"10.1007\/s11517-013-1033-x","volume":"51","author":"SE Harte","year":"2013","unstructured":"Harte, S. E. et al. Development and validation of a pressure-type automated quantitative sensory testing system for point-of-care pain assessment. Med. Biol. Eng. Comput. 51, 633\u2013644 (2013).","journal-title":"Med. Biol. Eng. Comput."},{"key":"135_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2007.12.006","volume":"9","author":"ME Geisser","year":"2008","unstructured":"Geisser, M. E. et al. A psychophysical study of auditory and pressure sensitivity in patients with fibromyalgia and healthy controls. J. Pain 9, 417\u2013422 (2008).","journal-title":"J. Pain"},{"key":"135_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1047","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0b013e3182a7e1f5","volume":"122","author":"S As-Sanie","year":"2013","unstructured":"As-Sanie, S. et al. Increased pressure pain sensitivity in women with chronic pelvic pain. Obstet. Gynecol. 122, 1047\u20131055 (2013).","journal-title":"Obstet. Gynecol."},{"key":"135_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1933","DOI":"10.1097\/j.pain.0000000000000593","volume":"157","author":"SE Harte","year":"2016","unstructured":"Harte, S. E. et al. Pharmacologic attenuation of cross-modal sensory augmentation within the chronic pain insula. Pain 157, 1933\u20131945 (2016).","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"135_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1111\/bju.13832","volume":"120","author":"A Dagher","year":"2017","unstructured":"Dagher, A. et al. Identification of novel non-invasive biomarkers of urinary chronic pelvic pain syndrome: findings from the multidisciplinary approach to the study of chronic pelvic pain (MAPP) Research Network. BJU Int. 120, 130\u2013142 (2017).","journal-title":"BJU Int."},{"key":"135_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"330","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(05)68552-7","volume":"162","author":"MA Pontari","year":"1999","unstructured":"Pontari, M. A., Hanno, P. M. & Ruggieri, M. R. Comparison of bladder blood flow in patients with and without interstitial cystitis. J. Urol. 162, 330\u2013334 (1999).","journal-title":"J. Urol."},{"key":"135_CR84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1038\/nm1723","volume":"14","author":"Y Kawasaki","year":"2008","unstructured":"Kawasaki, Y. et al. Distinct roles of matrix metalloproteases in the early- and late-phase development of neuropathic pain. Nat. Med. 14, 331\u2013336 (2008).","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"135_CR85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1111\/jnc.12614","volume":"129","author":"N Kiguchi","year":"2014","unstructured":"Kiguchi, N. et al. Vascular endothelial growth factor signaling in injured nerves underlies peripheral sensitization in neuropathic pain. J. Neurochem. 129, 169\u2013178 (2014).","journal-title":"J. Neurochem."},{"key":"135_CR86","first-page":"129","volume":"1826","author":"S Chakraborty","year":"2012","unstructured":"Chakraborty, S., Kaur, S., Guha, S. & Batra, S. K. The multifaceted roles of neutrophil gelatinase associated lipocalin (NGAL) in inflammation and cancer. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1826, 129\u2013169 (2012).","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta"},{"key":"135_CR87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1755","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2014.05.029","volume":"155","author":"A Schrepf","year":"2014","unstructured":"Schrepf, A. et al. Inflammation and inflammatory control in interstitial cystitis\/bladder pain syndrome: associations with painful symptoms. Pain 155, 1755\u20131761 (2014).","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"135_CR88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1177\/0022034510381264","volume":"90","author":"J Brown","year":"2011","unstructured":"Brown, J., Wang, H., Hajishengallis, G. N. & Martin, M. TLR-signaling networks: an integration of adaptor molecules, kinases, and cross-talk. J. Dent. Res. 90, 417\u2013427 (2011).","journal-title":"J. Dent. Res."},{"key":"135_CR89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn2533","volume":"10","author":"ED Milligan","year":"2009","unstructured":"Milligan, E. D. & Watkins, L. R. Pathological and protective roles of glia in chronic pain. Nat. Rev. Neurosci. 10, 23\u201336 (2009).","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurosci."},{"key":"135_CR90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2015.03.003","volume":"49","author":"A Schrepf","year":"2015","unstructured":"Schrepf, A. et al. Toll-like receptor 4 and comorbid pain in interstitial cystitis\/bladder pain syndrome: a multidisciplinary approach to the study of chronic pelvic pain research network study. Brain Behav. Immun. 49, 66\u201374 (2015).","journal-title":"Brain Behav. Immun."},{"key":"135_CR91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.3389\/fncel.2018.00035","volume":"12","author":"OC Eller-Smith","year":"2018","unstructured":"Eller-Smith, O. C., Nicol, A. L. & Christianson, J. A. Potential mechanisms underlying centralized pain and emerging therapeutic interventions. Front. Cell Neurosci. 12, 35 (2018).","journal-title":"Front. Cell Neurosci."},{"key":"135_CR92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urology.2015.12.040","volume":"90","author":"A Schrepf","year":"2016","unstructured":"Schrepf, A. et al. Inflammation and symptom change in interstitial cystitis or bladder pain syndrome: a multidisciplinary approach to the study of chronic pelvic pain research network study. Urology 90, 56\u201361 (2016).","journal-title":"Urology"},{"key":"135_CR93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4752","DOI":"10.1039\/c1an15590c","volume":"136","author":"H Lv","year":"2011","unstructured":"Lv, H., Hung, C. S., Chaturvedi, K. S., Hooton, T. M. & Henderson, J. P. Development of an integrated metabolomic profiling approach for infectious diseases research. Analyst 136, 4752\u20134763 (2011).","journal-title":"Analyst"},{"key":"135_CR94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2016.03.040","volume":"7","author":"KS Parker","year":"2016","unstructured":"Parker, K. S. et al. Urinary metabolomics identifies a molecular correlate of interstitial cystitis\/bladder pain syndrome in a multidisciplinary approach to the study of chronic pelvic pain (MAPP) Research Network cohort. EBioMedicine 7, 167\u2013174 (2016).","journal-title":"EBioMedicine"},{"key":"135_CR95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"946","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molmed.2016.09.003","volume":"22","author":"LK McLellan","year":"2016","unstructured":"McLellan, L. K. & Hunstad, D. A. Urinary tract infection: pathogenesis and outlook. Trends Mol. Med. 22, 946\u2013957 (2016).","journal-title":"Trends Mol. Med."},{"key":"135_CR96","unstructured":"Schaeffer, A. J., Matulewicz, R. S. & Klumpp, D. J. in Campbell-Walsh Urology (eds Wein, A. J., Kavoussi, L. R., Partin, A. W. & Peters, C. A.) 237\u2013303 (Elsevier, 2016)."},{"key":"135_CR97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1038\/nrurol.2014.361","volume":"12","author":"SA Whiteside","year":"2015","unstructured":"Whiteside, S. A., Razvi, H., Dave, S., Reid, G. & Burton, J. P. The microbiome of the urinary tract \u2014 a role beyond infection. Nat. Rev. Urol. 12, 81\u201390 (2015).","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Urol."},{"key":"135_CR98","first-page":"675","volume":"83","author":"H Schiffner","year":"1989","unstructured":"Schiffner, H. [The importance of documentation in emergency medicine]. Z. Arztl. Fortbild. (Jena) 83, 675\u2013676 (1989).","journal-title":"Z. Arztl. Fortbild. (Jena)"},{"key":"135_CR99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"799","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urology.2010.03.065","volume":"76","author":"JC Nickel","year":"2010","unstructured":"Nickel, J. C., Shoskes, D. A. & Irvine-Bird, K. Prevalence and impact of bacteriuria and\/or urinary tract infection in interstitial cystitis\/painful bladder syndrome. Urology 76, 799\u2013803 (2010).","journal-title":"Urology"},{"key":"135_CR100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1685","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(05)67520-9","volume":"163","author":"JW Warren","year":"2000","unstructured":"Warren, J. W. et al. Pilot study of sequential oral antibiotics for the treatment of interstitial cystitis. J. Urol. 163, 1685\u20131688 (2000).","journal-title":"J. Urol."},{"key":"135_CR101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"244","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2180-11-244","volume":"11","author":"H Siddiqui","year":"2011","unstructured":"Siddiqui, H., Nederbragt, A. J., Lagesen, K., Jeansson, S. L. & Jakobsen, K. S. Assessing diversity of the female urine microbiota by high throughput sequencing of 16S rDNA amplicons. BMC Microbiol. 11, 244 (2011).","journal-title":"BMC Microbiol."},{"key":"135_CR102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1376","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.05852-11","volume":"50","author":"AJ Wolfe","year":"2012","unstructured":"Wolfe, A. J. et al. Evidence of uncultivated bacteria in the adult female bladder. J. Clin. Microbiol. 50, 1376\u20131383 (2012).","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol."},{"key":"135_CR103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2180-12-205","volume":"12","author":"H Siddiqui","year":"2012","unstructured":"Siddiqui, H., Lagesen, K., Nederbragt, A. J., Jeansson, S. L. & Jakobsen, K. S. Alterations of microbiota in urine from women with interstitial cystitis. BMC Microbiol. 12, 205 (2012).","journal-title":"BMC Microbiol."},{"key":"135_CR104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"500","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0000000000001892","volume":"129","author":"MG Abernethy","year":"2017","unstructured":"Abernethy, M. G. et al. Urinary microbiome and cytokine levels in women with interstitial cystitis. Obstet. Gynecol. 129, 500\u2013506 (2017).","journal-title":"Obstet. Gynecol."},{"key":"135_CR105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2015.01.037","volume":"194","author":"JC Nickel","year":"2015","unstructured":"Nickel, J. C. et al. Search for microorganisms in men with urologic chronic pelvic pain syndrome: a culture-independent analysis in the MAPP Research Network. J. Urol. 194, 127\u2013135 (2015).","journal-title":"J. Urol."},{"key":"135_CR106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"356","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2015.09.075","volume":"195","author":"JC Nickel","year":"2016","unstructured":"Nickel, J. C. et al. Assessment of the lower urinary tract microbiota during symptom flare in women with urologic chronic pelvic pain syndrome: a MAPP network study. J. Urol. 195, 356\u2013362 (2016).","journal-title":"J. Urol."},{"key":"135_CR107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e383","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2016.08.143","volume":"197","author":"AL Ackerman","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ackerman, A. L. et al. Mp29-10 alterations in the urinary fungal mycobiome in patients with bladder pain and urinary urgency. J. Urol. 197, e383\u2013e384 (2017).","journal-title":"J. Urol."},{"key":"135_CR108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1454","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urology.2015.03.007","volume":"85","author":"H Lai","year":"2015","unstructured":"Lai, H. et al. Animal models of urologic chronic pelvic pain syndromes: findings from the multidisciplinary approach to the study of chronic pelvic pain research network. Urology 85, 1454\u20131465 (2015).","journal-title":"Urology"},{"key":"135_CR109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2117","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2011.05.017","volume":"152","author":"HH Lai","year":"2011","unstructured":"Lai, H. H. et al. Activation of spinal extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK) 1\/2 is associated with the development of visceral hyperalgesia of the bladder. Pain 152, 2117\u20132124 (2011).","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"135_CR110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0163829","volume":"11","author":"S Xu","year":"2016","unstructured":"Xu, S. et al. Transgenic mice expressing MCP-1 by the urothelium demonstrate bladder hypersensitivity, pelvic pain and voiding dysfunction: a multidisciplinary approach to the study of chronic pelvic pain research network animal model study. PLOS ONE 11, e0163829 (2016).","journal-title":"PLOS ONE"},{"key":"135_CR111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1240","DOI":"10.1086\/651275","volume":"201","author":"CN Rudick","year":"2010","unstructured":"Rudick, C. N. et al. Host-pathogen interactions mediating pain of urinary tract infection. J. Infect. Dis. 201, 1240\u20131249 (2010).","journal-title":"J. Infect. Dis."},{"issue":"Suppl. 1","key":"135_CR112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1111\/iju.12309","volume":"21","author":"JM Rosen","year":"2014","unstructured":"Rosen, J. M. & Klumpp, D. J. Mechanisms of pain from urinary tract infection. Int. J. Urol. 21 (Suppl. 1), 26\u201332 (2014).","journal-title":"Int. J. Urol."},{"key":"135_CR113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0041273","volume":"7","author":"CN Rudick","year":"2012","unstructured":"Rudick, C. N. et al. O-Antigen modulates infection-induced pain states. PLOS ONE 7, e41273 (2012).","journal-title":"PLOS ONE"},{"key":"135_CR114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2012.08.189","volume":"189","author":"KM Stemler","year":"2013","unstructured":"Stemler, K. M. et al. Protamine sulfate induced bladder injury protects from distention induced bladder pain. J. Urol. 189, 343\u2013351 (2013).","journal-title":"J. Urol."},{"key":"135_CR115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14217","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1473-12.2012","volume":"32","author":"LW Crock","year":"2012","unstructured":"Crock, L. W. et al. Central amygdala metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 in the modulation of visceral pain. J. Neurosci. 32, 14217\u201314226 (2012).","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"135_CR116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1744-8069-8-20","volume":"8","author":"LW Crock","year":"2012","unstructured":"Crock, L. W. et al. Metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5) regulates bladder nociception. Mol. Pain 8, 20 (2012).","journal-title":"Mol. Pain"},{"key":"135_CR117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"R1191","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.00411.2007","volume":"293","author":"CN Rudick","year":"2007","unstructured":"Rudick, C. N., Chen, M. C., Mongiu, A. K. & Klumpp, D. J. Organ cross talk modulates pelvic pain. Am. J. Physiol. Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol. 293, R1191\u2013R1198 (2007).","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol."},{"key":"135_CR118","first-page":"937061","volume":"2011","author":"R Kim","year":"2011","unstructured":"Kim, R., Liu, W., Chen, X., Kreder, K. J. & Luo, Y. Intravesical dimethyl sulfoxide inhibits acute and chronic bladder inflammation in transgenic experimental autoimmune cystitis models. J. Biomed. Biotechnol. 2011, 937061 (2011).","journal-title":"J. Biomed. Biotechnol."},{"key":"135_CR119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.2174\/157339711201160303103241","volume":"12","author":"DA Williams","year":"2016","unstructured":"Williams, D. A. Cognitive - behavioral therapy in central sensitivity syndromes. Curr. Rheumatol. Rev. 12, 2\u201312 (2016).","journal-title":"Curr. Rheumatol. Rev."},{"key":"135_CR120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"810","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ju.0000083020.06212.3d","volume":"170","author":"GR Sant","year":"2003","unstructured":"Sant, G. R. et al. A pilot clinical trial of oral pentosan polysulfate and oral hydroxyzine in patients with interstitial cystitis. J. Urol. 170, 810\u2013815 (2003).","journal-title":"J. Urol."},{"key":"135_CR121","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1853","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2009.12.106","volume":"183","author":"HE Foster Jr.","year":"2010","unstructured":"Foster, H. E. Jr. et al. Effect of amitriptyline on symptoms in treatment naive patients with interstitial cystitis\/painful bladder syndrome. J. Urol. 183, 1853\u20131858 (2010).","journal-title":"J. Urol."},{"key":"135_CR122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1434","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(05)67637-9","volume":"163","author":"KJ Propert","year":"2000","unstructured":"Propert, K. J. et al. A prospective study of interstitial cystitis: results of longitudinal followup of the interstitial cystitis data base cohort. J. Urol. 163, 1434\u20131439 (2000).","journal-title":"J. Urol."},{"key":"135_CR123","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1586","DOI":"10.1001\/archinternmed.2010.319","volume":"170","author":"MA Pontari","year":"2010","unstructured":"Pontari, M. A. et al. Pregabalin for the treatment of men with chronic prostatitis\/chronic pelvic pain syndrome: a randomized controlled trial. Arch. Intern. Med. 170, 1586\u20131593 (2010).","journal-title":"Arch. Intern. Med."},{"key":"135_CR124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2162","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2011.03.064","volume":"185","author":"PM Hanno","year":"2011","unstructured":"Hanno, P. M. et al. AUA guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of interstitial cystitis\/bladder pain syndrome. J. Urol. 185, 2162\u20132170 (2011).","journal-title":"J. Urol."}],"container-title":["Nature Reviews Urology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41585-018-0135-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41585-018-0135-5","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41585-018-0135-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,20]],"date-time":"2023-05-20T18:24:41Z","timestamp":1684607081000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41585-018-0135-5"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,18]]},"references-count":124,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,3]]}},"alternative-id":["135"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41585-018-0135-5","relation":{},"ISSN":["1759-4812","1759-4820"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1759-4812","type":"print"},{"value":"1759-4820","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,18]]},"assertion":[{"value":"18 December 2018","order":1,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}]}}