{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,7]],"date-time":"2026-11-07T04:08:38Z","timestamp":1794024518289,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"7728","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,1]],"date-time":"2018-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1538352000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nature"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,10]]},"DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-018-0601-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,5]],"date-time":"2018-10-05T12:25:26Z","timestamp":1538742326000},"page":"552-556","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":535,"title":["Exciton-polariton topological insulator"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"562","author":[{"given":"S.","family":"Klembt","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T. H.","family":"Harder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"O. A.","family":"Egorov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K.","family":"Winkler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R.","family":"Ge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M. A.","family":"Bandres","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Emmerling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L.","family":"Worschech","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T. C. H.","family":"Liew","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Segev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"Schneider","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"H\u00f6fling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"601_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3045","DOI":"10.1103\/RevModPhys.82.3045","volume":"82","author":"MZ Hasan","year":"2010","unstructured":"Hasan, M. Z. & Kane, C. L. Colloquium: topological insulators. Rev. Mod. Phys. 82, 3045\u20133067 (2010).","journal-title":"Rev. Mod. Phys."},{"key":"601_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"494\u2013497","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.45.494","volume":"45","author":"Kv Klitzing","year":"1980","unstructured":"Klitzing, K. v., Dorda, G. & Pepper, M. New method for high-accuracy determination of the fine-structure constant based on quantized Hall resistance. Phys. Rev. Lett. 45, 494\u2013497 (1980).","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. Lett."},{"key":"601_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2015","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.61.2015","volume":"61","author":"FDM Haldane","year":"1988","unstructured":"Haldane, F. D. M. Model for a quantum Hall effect without Landau levels: condensed-matter realization of the \u201cparity anomaly\u201d. Phys. Rev. Lett. 61, 2015\u20132018 (1988).","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. Lett."},{"key":"601_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"226801","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.95.226801","volume":"95","author":"CL Kane","year":"2005","unstructured":"Kane, C. L. & Mele, E. J. Quantum spin Hall effect in graphene. Phys. Rev. Lett. 95, 226801 (2005).","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. Lett."},{"key":"601_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1757","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1133734","volume":"314","author":"BA Bernevig","year":"2006","unstructured":"Bernevig, B. A., Hughes, T. L. & Zhang, S.-C. Quantum spin Hall effect and topological phase transition in HgTe quantum wells. Science 314, 1757\u20131761 (2006).","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"601_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"766","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1148047","volume":"318","author":"M K\u00f6nig","year":"2007","unstructured":"K\u00f6nig, M. et al. Quantum spin Hall insulator state in HgTe quantum wells. Science 318, 766\u2013770 (2007).","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"601_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"013904","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.100.013904","volume":"100","author":"FDM Haldane","year":"2008","unstructured":"Haldane, F. D. M. & Raghu, S. Possible realization of directional optical waveguides in photonic crystals with broken time-reversal symmetry. Phys. Rev. Lett. 100, 013904 (2008).","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. Lett."},{"key":"601_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"772","DOI":"10.1038\/nature08293","volume":"461","author":"Z Wang","year":"2009","unstructured":"Wang, Z., Chong, Y. D., Joannopoulos, J. D. & Soljaci\u0107, M. Observation of unidirectional backscattering-immune topological electromagnetic states. Nature 461, 772\u2013775 (2009).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"601_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.1038\/nature12066","volume":"496","author":"MC Rechtsman","year":"2013","unstructured":"Rechtsman, M. C. et al. Photonic Floquet topological insulators. Nature 496, 196\u2013200 (2013).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"601_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1001","DOI":"10.1038\/nphoton.2013.274","volume":"7","author":"M Hafezi","year":"2013","unstructured":"Hafezi, M., Mittal, S., Fan, J., Migdall, A. & Taylor, J. M. Imaging topological edge states in silicon photonics. Nat. Photon. 7, 1001\u20131005 (2013).","journal-title":"Nat. Photon."},{"key":"601_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1038\/nature13915","volume":"515","author":"G Jotzu","year":"2014","unstructured":"Jotzu, G. et al. Experimental realization of the topological Haldane model with ultracold fermions. Nature 515, 237\u2013240 (2014).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"601_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1038\/nphys3171","volume":"11","author":"M Aidelsburger","year":"2015","unstructured":"Aidelsburger, M. et al. Measuring the Chern number of Hofstadter bands with ultracold bosonic atoms. Nat. Phys. 11, 162\u2013166 (2015).","journal-title":"Nat. Phys."},{"key":"601_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"114301","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.114.114301","volume":"114","author":"Z Yang","year":"2015","unstructured":"Yang, Z. et al. Topological acoustics. Phys. Rev. Lett. 114, 114301 (2015).","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. Lett."},{"key":"601_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms11744","volume":"7","author":"R Fleury","year":"2016","unstructured":"Fleury, R., Khanikaev, A. B. & Al\u00f9, A. Floquet topological insulators for sound. Nat. Commun. 7, 11744 (2016).","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"601_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aab0239","volume":"349","author":"R S\u00fcsstrunk","year":"2015","unstructured":"S\u00fcsstrunk, R. & Huber, S. D. Observation of phononic helical edge states in a mechanical topological insulator. Science 349, 47\u201350 (2015).","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"601_CR16","first-page":"031001","volume":"5","author":"T Karzig","year":"2015","unstructured":"Karzig, T., Bardyn, C.-E., Lindner, N. H. & Refael, G. Topological polaritons. Phys. Rev. X 5, 031001 (2015).","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. X"},{"key":"601_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"161413(R)","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevB.91.161413","volume":"91","author":"C-E Bardyn","year":"2015","unstructured":"Bardyn, C.-E., Karzig, T., Refael, G. & Liew, T. C. H. Topological polaritons and excitons in garden-variety systems. Phys. Rev. B 91, 161413(R) (2015).","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. B"},{"key":"601_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116401","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.114.116401","volume":"114","author":"AV Nalitov","year":"2015","unstructured":"Nalitov, A. V., Solnyshkov, D. D. & Malpuech, G. Polariton \n                    \n                      \n                    \n                    $${\\mathbb{Z}}$$\n                    \n                      \n                        Z\n                      \n                    \n                   topological insulator. Phys. Rev. Lett. 114, 116401 (2015).","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. Lett."},{"key":"601_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3314\u20133317","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.69.3314","volume":"69","author":"C Weisbuch","year":"1992","unstructured":"Weisbuch, C., Nishioka, M., Ishikawa, A. & Arakawa, Y. Observation of the coupled exciton-photon mode splitting in a semiconductor quantum microcavity. Phys. Rev. Lett. 69, 3314\u20133317 (1992).","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. Lett."},{"key":"601_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1038\/nature05131","volume":"443","author":"J Kasprzak","year":"2006","unstructured":"Kasprzak, J. et al. Bose\u2013Einstein condensation of exciton polaritons. Nature 443, 409\u2013414 (2006).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"601_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"299\u2013","DOI":"10.1103\/RevModPhys.85.299","volume":"85","author":"I Carusotto","year":"2013","unstructured":"Carusotto, I. & Ciuti, C. Quantum fluids of light. Rev. Mod. Phys. 85, 299\u2013366 (2013).","journal-title":"Rev. Mod. Phys."},{"key":"601_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"016503","DOI":"10.1088\/0034-4885\/80\/1\/016503","volume":"80","author":"C Schneider","year":"2017","unstructured":"Schneider, C. et al. Exciton-polariton trapping and potential landscape engineering. Rep. Prog. Phys. 80, 016503 (2017).","journal-title":"Rep. Prog. Phys."},{"key":"601_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"651","DOI":"10.1038\/s41566-017-0006-2","volume":"11","author":"P St-Jean","year":"2017","unstructured":"St-Jean, P. et al. Lasing in topological edge states of a one-dimensional lattice. Nat. Photon. 11, 651\u2013656 (2017).","journal-title":"Nat. Photon."},{"key":"601_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103901","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.98.103901","volume":"98","author":"O Peleg","year":"2007","unstructured":"Peleg, O. et al. Conical diffraction and gap solitons in honeycomb photonic lattices. Phys. Rev. Lett. 98, 103901 (2007).","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. Lett."},{"key":"601_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"116402","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.112.116402","volume":"112","author":"T Jacqmin","year":"2014","unstructured":"Jacqmin, T. et al. Direct observation of Dirac cones and a flatband in a honeycomb lattice for polaritons. Phys. Rev. Lett. 112, 116402 (2014).","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. Lett."},{"key":"601_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"034012","DOI":"10.1088\/2053-1583\/2\/3\/034012","volume":"2","author":"M Mili\u0107evi\u0107","year":"2015","unstructured":"Mili\u0107evi\u0107, M. et al. Edge states in polariton honeycomb lattices. 2D Mater. 2, 034012 (2015).","journal-title":"2D Mater."},{"key":"601_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1920\u2013","DOI":"10.1143\/JPSJ.65.1920","volume":"65","author":"M Fujita","year":"1996","unstructured":"Fujita, M., Wakabayashi, K., Nakada, K. & Kusakabe, K. Peculiar localized state at zigzag graphite edge. J. Phys. Soc. Jpn 65, 1920\u20131923 (1996).","journal-title":"J. Phys. Soc. Jpn"},{"key":"601_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109\u2013","DOI":"10.1103\/RevModPhys.81.109","volume":"81","author":"AH Castro Neto","year":"2009","unstructured":"Castro Neto, A. H., Guinea, F., Peres, N. M. R., Novoselov, K. S. & Geim, A. K. The electronic properties of graphene. Rev. Mod. Phys. 81, 109\u2013162 (2009).","journal-title":"Rev. Mod. Phys."},{"key":"601_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"041401(R)","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevB.75.041401","volume":"75","author":"Y Yao","year":"2007","unstructured":"Yao, Y., Ye, F., Qi, X.-L., Zhang, S.-C., and Fang, Z. Spin\u2013orbit gap of graphene: first-principles calculations. Phys. Rev. B 75, 041401(R) (2007).","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. B"},{"key":"601_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Suchomel, H. et al. A plug and play platform for electrically pumped polariton simulators and topological lasers. Preprint at \n                    https:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/1803.08306\n                    \n                   (2018).","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.121.257402"},{"key":"601_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"636","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aao4551","volume":"358","author":"B Bahari","year":"2017","unstructured":"Bahari, B. et al. Nonreciprocal lasing in topological cavities of arbitrary geometries. Science 358, 636\u2013640 (2017).","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"601_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"aar4005","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aar4005","volume":"359","author":"MA Bandres","year":"2018","unstructured":"Bandres, M. A. et al. Topological insulator laser part II: experiments. Science 359, aar4005 (2018).","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"601_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"243905","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.111.243905","volume":"111","author":"Y Lumer","year":"2013","unstructured":"Lumer, Y., Plotnik, Y., Rechtsman, M. C. & Segev, M. Self-localized states in photonic topological insulators. Phys. Rev. Lett. 111, 243905 (2013).","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. Lett."},{"key":"601_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1228\u2013","DOI":"10.1364\/OPTICA.3.001228","volume":"3","author":"YV Kartashov","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kartashov, Y. V. & Skryabin, D. V. Modulational instability and solitary waves in polariton topological insulators. Optica 3, 1228\u20131236 (2016).","journal-title":"Optica"},{"key":"601_CR35","first-page":"011034","volume":"5","author":"VG Sala","year":"2015","unstructured":"Sala, V. G. et al. Spin\u2013orbit coupling for photons and polaritons in microstructures. Phys. Rev. X 5, 011034 (2015).","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. X"},{"key":"601_CR36","volume-title":"The Physics of Semiconductor Microcavities","author":"B Deveaud","year":"2007","unstructured":"Deveaud, B. The Physics of Semiconductor Microcavities (Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, 2007)."}],"container-title":["Nature"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41586-018-0601-5","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41586-018-0601-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41586-018-0601-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,20]],"date-time":"2023-05-20T17:50:15Z","timestamp":1684605015000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41586-018-0601-5"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,10]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7728","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,10]]}},"alternative-id":["601"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41586-018-0601-5","relation":{},"ISSN":["0028-0836","1476-4687"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0028-0836","type":"print"},{"value":"1476-4687","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"8 March 2018","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"13 August 2018","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"8 October 2018","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}]}}