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This event requires the embryo to form a blastocyst consisting of a sphere encircling a cavity lodging the embryo proper. Stem cells can form a blastocyst model\u00a0that we\u00a0called a\u00a0blastoid\n                    <jats:sup>1<\/jats:sup>\n                    . Here we show that naive human pluripotent stem cells\u00a0cultured in PXGL medium\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    and triply inhibited for the Hippo, TGF-\u03b2 and ERK pathways efficiently (with more than 70% efficiency) form blastoids generating blastocyst-stage analogues of the three founding lineages (more than 97% trophectoderm, epiblast and primitive endoderm) according to the sequence and timing of blastocyst development. Blastoids spontaneously form the first axis, and we observe that\u00a0the epiblast induces the local\u00a0maturation of the polar trophectoderm, thereby endowing blastoids with the capacity to directionally\u00a0attach to hormonally stimulated endometrial cells, as during implantation. Thus, we propose that\u00a0such a human blastoid is a faithful, scalable and ethical model for investigating human implantation and development\n                    <jats:sup>3,4<\/jats:sup>\n                    .\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-021-04267-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,2]],"date-time":"2021-12-02T12:08:02Z","timestamp":1638446882000},"page":"600-605","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":492,"title":["Human blastoids model blastocyst development and implantation"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"601","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0436-3805","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Harunobu","family":"Kagawa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alok","family":"Javali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heidar Heidari","family":"Khoei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Theresa Maria","family":"Sommer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6643-7585","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giovanni","family":"Sestini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Novatchkova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1656-9221","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yvonne","family":"Scholte op Reimer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7563-1179","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ga\u00ebl","family":"Castel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexandre","family":"Bruneau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5523-3819","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nina","family":"Maenhoudt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jenna","family":"Lammers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sophie","family":"Loubersac","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7243-7709","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thomas","family":"Freour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2251-7284","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hugo","family":"Vankelecom","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3594-0353","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laurent","family":"David","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1590-5964","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicolas","family":"Rivron","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"4267_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-018-0051-0","volume":"557","author":"NC Rivron","year":"2018","unstructured":"Rivron, N. 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H.K., A.J., H.H.K. and N.R. are the inventors on this patent. All other authors declare no competing interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}]}}