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J.D.B. consults for Moderna and Flagship Labs 77 on topics related to viral evolution, and is an inventor on Fred Hutch licensed patents related to viral deep mutational scanning\u00a0(62\/692,398; PCT\/US2019\/039952;\u00a017\/281,540; 19824586.2;\u00a062\/935,954; 17\/097,853; 62\/812,804; PCT\/US2020\/020429). The Boon laboratory has received unrelated funding support in sponsored research agreements from AI Therapeutics, GreenLight Biosciences, and Nano targeting & Therapy Biopharma. The Boon laboratory has received funding support from AbbVie, for the commercial development of SARS-CoV-2 monoclonal antibodies. A.C.M.B. was a recipient of a licensing agreement with Abbvie for the commercial development of SARS-CoV-2 monoclonal antibodies. M.S.D. is a consultant for Inbios, Vir Biotechnology, Senda Biosciences and Carnival Corporation, and on the scientific advisory boards of Moderna and Immunome. The Diamond laboratory has received unrelated funding support in sponsored research agreements from Vir Biotechnology, Moderna and Emergent BioSolutions. The Ellebedy laboratory received funding under sponsored research agreements that are unrelated to the data presented in the current study from Emergent BioSolutions and from AbbVie. A.E. has received consulting fees from InBios\u00a0International, Fimbrion Therapeutics, Mubadala Investment Company and Goldman Sachs and is the founder of ImmuneBio Consulting. M.B.F. has funding from Novavax, which is outside the scope of this research. They had no role in the funded research from the SAVES consortium. The Garcia-Sastre laboratory has received research support from Pfizer, Senhwa Biosciences, Kenall Manufacturing, Avimex, Johnson & Johnson, Dynavax, 7Hills Pharma, Pharmamar, ImmunityBio, Accurius, Nanocomposix, Hexamer, N-fold, Model Medicines and Merck, outside of the reported work. A.G.-S. has consulting agreements for the following companies involving cash and\/or stock: Vivaldi Biosciences, Contrafect, 7Hills Pharma, Avimex, Vaxalto, Pagoda, Accurius, Esperovax, Farmak, Applied Biological Laboratories, Pharmamar and Pfizer, outside of the reported work. A.G.-S. is listed as an inventor on patents and patent applications on the use of antivirals and vaccines for the treatment and prevention of virus infections and cancer, owned by the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, outside of the reported work\u00a0(5,820,871; 5,854,037; 6,001,634; 6,146,642; 6,451,323; 6,468,544; 6,544,785; 6,573,079; 6,635,416; 6,649,372; 6,669,943; 6,740,519; 6,852,522; 6,866,853; 6,884,414; 6,887,699; 7,060,430; 7,384,774; 7,442,379; 7,494, 808; 7,588,768; 7,833,774; 8,012,490; 8,057,803; 8,124,101; 8,137,676; 8,591,881; 8,629,283; 8,673,314; 8,709,442; 8,709,730; 8,765,139; 8,828,406; 8,999,352; 9,051,359; 9,096,585; 9,175,069; 9,217,136; 9,217,157; 9,238,851; 9,352,033; 9,371,366; 9,387,240; 9,387,242; . 9,549,975; 9,701,723; 9,708,373; 9,849,172; 9,908,930; 9,968,670; 10,035,984; .10,098,945; 10,131,695; 10,137,189; 10,179,806; 10,251,922; 10,308,913; 10,543,268; 10,544,207; 10,583,188; 10,736,956; 11,254,733; 11,266,734). A. Gordon serves on a scientific advisory board for Janssen, Erasmus MC has a proprietary IP on MERS. B.K. is part of provisional patent applications for strategies for next-generation SARS-CoV-2 vaccines that address diversity\u00a0(63\/256,848, 17\/234,590;\u00a0S133955). The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai has filed patent applications relating to SARS-CoV-2 serological assays that list V.S. as a co-inventor\u00a0(62\/994,252;\u00a063\/018,457;\u00a063\/020,503;\u00a063\/024,436) and NDV-based SARS-CoV-2 vaccines that list F.K. as a co-inventor\u00a0(63\/251,020). Mount Sinai has spun out a company, Kantaro, to market serological tests for SARS-CoV-2. F.K. has consulted for Merck and Pfizer (before 2020), and is currently consulting for Pfizer, Seqirus, 3rd Rock Ventures and Avimex. The Krammer laboratory is also collaborating with Pfizer on animal models of SARS-CoV-2. V.D.M. has filed a patent on the reverse genetic system and reporter SARS-CoV-2\u00a0(63\/000,713; 63\/041,667). D.C.M. receives funding from Moderna to perform blinded assessments of vaccine-elicited neutralizing antibody responses in clinical studies of their COVID-19 vaccines. A.S. is a consultant for Gritstone Bio, Flow Pharma, Arcturus Therapeutics, ImmunoScape, CellCarta, Avalia, Moderna, Fortress and Repertoire. P.-Y.S. laboratory has received funding support in sponsored research agreements from GSK, Pfizer, Gilead, Novartis, Merck, IGM Biosciences and Atea Pharmaceuticals. P.-Y.S. is a member of the scientific advisory boards of AbImmune and is Founder of FlaviTech. M.S.S. serves on the advisory board for Moderna and Ocugen. P.G.T. serves on the scientific advisory board for Immunoscape and Cytoagents and has consulted for Johnson and Johnson. P.G.T. has received travel support and honoraria from Illumina and 10x Genomics. P.G.T. has patents related to viral infection treatment and T cell receptor biology\u00a0(11,083,725; 2021\/0299118;\u00a0US-2019-0040381; 17\/616,279; WO2021\/214637). S.P.J.W. has filed a patent with Washington University for VSV- SARS-CoV-2 mutants to characterize antibody panels\u00a0(PCT\/US2021\/027275). S.P.J.W. has received unrelated funding support in sponsored research agreements with Vir Biotechnology, AbbVie, and sAB therapeutics.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}},{"value":"This content has been made available to all.","name":"free","label":"Free to read"}]}}