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Until now, the most debated archaeological evidence potentially associated with the pandemic\u2019s initiation derives from cemeteries located near Lake Issyk-Kul of modern-day Kyrgyzstan\n                    <jats:sup>1,3\u20139<\/jats:sup>\n                    . These sites are thought to have housed victims of a fourteenth-century epidemic as tombstone inscriptions directly dated to 1338\u20131339 state \u2018pestilence\u2019 as the cause of death for the buried individuals\n                    <jats:sup>9<\/jats:sup>\n                    . Here we report ancient DNA data from seven individuals exhumed from two of these cemeteries, Kara-Djigach and Burana. Our synthesis of archaeological, historical and ancient genomic data shows a clear involvement of the plague bacterium\n                    <jats:italic>Yersinia pestis<\/jats:italic>\n                    in this epidemic event. Two reconstructed ancient\n                    <jats:italic>Y. pestis<\/jats:italic>\n                    genomes represent a single strain and are identified as the most recent common ancestor of a major diversification commonly associated with the pandemic\u2019s emergence, here dated to the first half of the fourteenth century. Comparisons with present-day diversity from\n                    <jats:italic>Y. pestis<\/jats:italic>\n                    reservoirs in the extended Tian Shan region support a local emergence of the recovered ancient strain. Through multiple lines of evidence, our data support an early fourteenth-century source of the second plague pandemic in central Eurasia.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-022-04800-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,15]],"date-time":"2022-06-15T11:03:07Z","timestamp":1655290987000},"page":"718-724","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":139,"title":["The source of the Black Death in fourteenth-century central Eurasia"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"606","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3615-3936","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria A.","family":"Spyrou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lyazzat","family":"Musralina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6490-8101","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guido A.","family":"Gnecchi Ruscone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9499-6472","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Arthur","family":"Kocher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pier-Giorgio","family":"Borbone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5533-0686","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Valeri I.","family":"Khartanovich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6398-2177","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexandra","family":"Buzhilova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6745-9903","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Leyla","family":"Djansugurova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2937-3006","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kirsten I.","family":"Bos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5657-018X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Denise","family":"K\u00fchnert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2475-2007","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wolfgang","family":"Haak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6460-145X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Philip","family":"Slavin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9144-3920","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Johannes","family":"Krause","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"4800_CR1","unstructured":"Benedictow, O. 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