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The introduction of defects allows selective gas permeation\n                    <jats:sup>3\u20135<\/jats:sup>\n                    ; efforts have been made to control the size of these defects for higher selectivity\n                    <jats:sup>6\u20139<\/jats:sup>\n                    . Permeation of entities other than gases, such as ions\n                    <jats:sup>10,11<\/jats:sup>\n                    , is of fundamental scientific interest because of its potential application in desalination, detection and purification\n                    <jats:sup>12\u201316<\/jats:sup>\n                    . However, a precise experimental observation of halide permeation has\u00a0so far remained unknown\n                    <jats:sup>11,15\u201318<\/jats:sup>\n                    . Here we show halide permeation through a single benzene-sized defect in a molecular nanographene. Using supramolecular principles of self-aggregation, we created a stable bilayer of the nanographene\n                    <jats:sup>19\u201323<\/jats:sup>\n                    . As the cavity in the bilayer nanographene could be accessed only by two angstrom-sized windows, any halide that gets trapped inside the cavity has to permeate through the single benzene hole. Our experiments reveal the permeability of fluoride, chloride and bromide through a single benzene hole, whereas iodide is impermeable. Evidence for high permeation of chloride across single-layer nanographene and selective halide binding in a bilayer nanographene provides promise for the use of single benzene defects in graphene for artificial halide receptors\n                    <jats:sup>24,25<\/jats:sup>\n                    , as filtration membranes\n                    <jats:sup>26<\/jats:sup>\n                    and further to create multilayer artificial chloride channels.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-024-08299-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,15]],"date-time":"2025-01-15T11:02:24Z","timestamp":1736938944000},"page":"854-859","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Bilayer nanographene reveals halide permeation through a benzene hole"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"637","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1882-5273","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M. 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