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K.K. has served as a scientific advisor to CareDx. H.Y. has received research support from AstraZeneca, Cullinan, Daiichi, Janssen, Blueprint, Lilly, Novartis and Pfizer. V.S.N. has received grant funding from Roche and Biodesix; and has served as a compensated consultant for Freenome, Verathon and Eurofins Viracor. J.M.I. has served on the advisory board of AstraZeneca and Merck; and has received research support from Foresight Diagnostics, Guardant Health and Invitae. B.T.L. has served as an uncompensated advisor and consultant to Amgen, Genentech, Boehringer Ingelheim, Lilly, AstraZeneca and Daiichi Sankyo; has received research grants to his institution from Amgen, Genentech, AstraZeneca, Daiichi Sankyo, Lilly, Illumina, GRAIL, Guardant Health, Hengrui Therapeutics, MORE Health and Bolt Biotherapeutics; has received academic travel support from MORE Health and Jiangsu Hengrui Medicine; is an inventor on two institutional patents at MSK (US62\/685,057 and US62\/514,661); and has intellectual property rights as a book author at Karger Publishers and Shanghai Jiao Tong University Press. Z.P. has served as a compensated consultant or received honoraria from Black Diamond Therapeutics, Janssen, Boehringer Ingelheim, Taiho, AstraZeneca, Blueprint Medicines, Daiichi Sankyo, Merck, Bayer, Sanofi, Takeda, Eli Lilly, Cullinan Oncology, C4 Therapeutics, Jazz Pharmaceuticals, Genentech and Guardant Health; has received research support (to institution) from Novartis, Takeda, Spectrum, AstraZeneca, Tesaro\/GSK, Cullinan Oncology, Daiichi Sankyo, AbbVie, Janssen and Blueprint Medicines; has received travel support from AstraZeneca and Janssen; has received honoraria for educational programmes (CME) from Plexus, PeerView, Research to Practice, Clinical Care Options, Ology, CEC, PER, Haymarket Medical Education, Georgetown and Philips Gilmore Oncology; has received other honoraria from DAVA Oncology, Aptitude Health, University of Arkansas, Curio Science, Taiwan Society of Thoracic Surgeons, Medscape\/WebMD, OncLive and Targeted Oncology. L.V.S. has received institutional funding for clinical trials from AstraZeneca, Novartis and Delfi Diagnostics. A.N.H. has received grants and\/or research support from Amgen, Blueprint Medicines, BridgeBio, Bristol Myers Squibb, C4 Therapeutics, Eli Lilly, Novartis, Nuvalent, Pfizer, Roche\/Genentech and Scorpion Therapeutics; and has served as a compensated consultant for Amgen, Engine Biosciences, Nuvalent, Oncovalent, Pfizer, TigaTx and Tolremo Therapeutics. J.W.N. has served in a consulting and\/or advisory role for AstraZeneca, Genentech\/Roche, Exelixis, Takeda Pharmaceuticals, Eli Lilly and Company, Amgen, Iovance Biotherapeutics, Blueprint Pharmaceuticals, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Natera, Sanofi\/Regeneron, D2G Oncology, Surface Oncology, Turning Point Therapeutics, Mirati Therapeutics, Gilead Sciences, AbbVie, Summit Therapeutics, Novartis, Novocure, Janssen Oncology and Anheart Therapeutics; has received research support from Genentech\/Roche, Merck, Novartis, Boehringer Ingelheim, Exelixis, Nektar Therapeutics, Takeda Pharmaceuticals, Adaptimmune, GSK, Janssen, AbbVie and Novocure; has received royalties from Up To Date; and has received honoraria for educational programmes (CME) from CME Matters, Clinical Care Options, Research to Practice, Medscape, Biomedical Learning Institute, MLI Peerview, Prime Oncology, Projects in Knowledge, Rockpointe, MJH Life Sciences, Medical Educator Consortium and HMP Education. H.A.W. has received institutional clinical trial support from AstraZeneca, Bayer, Bristol Myers Squibb, Genentech\/Roche, Helsinn, Merck, SeaGen and Xcovery; has served as an uncompensated consultant to Genentech\/Roche, Merck and AstraZeneca; and has contracted with Mirati. A.A.A. has received research support from Celgene and Bristol Myers Squibb; has served as a compensated consultant to Roche, Genentech, Celgene, Bristol Myers Squibb, FortySeven, Gilead, ADCT, Jannsen, CARGO, Foresight Diagnostics, Adaptive Biotech and Chugai; has served on the scientific advisory board for CiberMed and Foresight Diagnostics; and reports ownership interest in CiberMed, FortySeven, CARGO and Foresight Diagnostics. M.D. has received research support from AstraZeneca, Illumina and Varian Medical Systems; has received honoraria from Novartis and Bristol Myers Squibb Japan; has served as a compensated consultant to AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Genentech, Gritstone Bio, Illumina, Regeneron and Roche; and reports ownership interest in CiberMed, Foresight Diagnostics and Gritstone Bio. M.C.N., B.A.L., M.D. and A.A.A. also report patent filings related to cancer and non-malignant biomarkers in cfRNA (PCT\/US2024\/029513). The remaining authors declare no competing interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}]}}