{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,6]],"date-time":"2026-11-06T22:12:13Z","timestamp":1794003133181,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,28]],"date-time":"2021-01-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1611792000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,28]],"date-time":"2021-01-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1611792000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nat Immunol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,3]]},"DOI":"10.1038\/s41590-020-00859-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,28]],"date-time":"2021-01-28T12:08:30Z","timestamp":1611835710000},"page":"312-321","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":136,"title":["IRGM1 links mitochondrial quality control to autoimmunity"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"22","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0258-4567","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Prashant","family":"Rai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kyathanahalli S.","family":"Janardhan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julie","family":"Meacham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jennifer H.","family":"Madenspacher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wan-Chi","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peer W. F.","family":"Karmaus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jennifer","family":"Martinez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Quan-Zhen","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mei","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7802-1432","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jialiu","family":"Zeng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark W.","family":"Grinstaff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8466-3431","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Orian S.","family":"Shirihai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gregory A.","family":"Taylor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8262-8613","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael B.","family":"Fessler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"859_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.1097\/BOR.0000000000000524","volume":"30","author":"GE Thorlacius","year":"2018","unstructured":"Thorlacius, G. E., Wahren-Herlenius, M. & Ronnblom, L. An update on the role of type I interferons in systemic lupus erythematosus and Sjogren\u2019s syndrome. Curr. Opin. Rheumatol. 30, 471\u2013481 (2018).","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Rheumatol."},{"key":"859_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.1038\/nri3850","volume":"15","author":"YJ Crow","year":"2015","unstructured":"Crow, Y. J. & Manel, N. Aicardi\u2013Goutieres syndrome and the type I interferonopathies. Nat. Rev. Immunol. 15, 429\u2013440 (2015).","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Immunol."},{"key":"859_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2527","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20161596","volume":"213","author":"MP Rodero","year":"2016","unstructured":"Rodero, M. P. & Crow, Y. J. Type I interferon-mediated monogenic autoinflammation: the type I interferonopathies, a conceptual overview. J. Exp. Med. 213, 2527\u20132538 (2016).","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"859_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"553","DOI":"10.1038\/nature14156","volume":"520","author":"AP West","year":"2015","unstructured":"West, A. P. et al. Mitochondrial DNA stress primes the antiviral innate immune response. Nature 520, 553\u2013557 (2015).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"859_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1563","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2014.11.037","volume":"159","author":"A Rongvaux","year":"2014","unstructured":"Rongvaux, A. et al. Apoptotic caspases prevent the induction of type I interferons by mitochondrial DNA. Cell 159, 1563\u20131577 (2014).","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"859_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"921","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2018.09.001","volume":"25","author":"K Gkirtzimanaki","year":"2018","unstructured":"Gkirtzimanaki, K. et al. IFN\u03b1 impairs autophagic degradation of mtDNA promoting autoreactivity of SLE monocytes in a STING-dependent fashion. Cell Rep. 25, 921\u2013933.e5 (2018).","journal-title":"Cell Rep."},{"key":"859_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E2142","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1513943113","volume":"113","author":"AJ Monteith","year":"2016","unstructured":"Monteith, A. J. et al. Defects in lysosomal maturation facilitate the activation of innate sensors in systemic lupus erythematosus. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 113, E2142\u2013E2151 (2016).","journal-title":"Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"859_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1888","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2013-203794","volume":"73","author":"TN Caza","year":"2014","unstructured":"Caza, T. N. et al. HRES-1\/Rab4-mediated depletion of Drp1 impairs mitochondrial homeostasis and represents a target for treatment in SLE. Ann. Rheum. Dis. 73, 1888\u20131897 (2014).","journal-title":"Ann. Rheum. Dis."},{"key":"859_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1080\/08830180490452576","volume":"23","author":"A Perl","year":"2004","unstructured":"Perl, A., Gergely, P. Jr. & Banki, K. Mitochondrial dysfunction in T cells of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Int. Rev. Immunol. 23, 293\u2013313 (2004).","journal-title":"Int. Rev. Immunol."},{"key":"859_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3495","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmb.2016.04.032","volume":"428","author":"D Pilla-Moffett","year":"2016","unstructured":"Pilla-Moffett, D., Barber, M. F., Taylor, G. A. & Coers, J. Interferon-inducible GTPases in host resistance, inflammation and disease. J. Mol. Biol. 428, 3495\u20133513 (2016).","journal-title":"J. Mol. Biol."},{"key":"859_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1003414","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1003414","volume":"9","author":"AK Haldar","year":"2013","unstructured":"Haldar, A. K. et al. IRG and GBP host resistance factors target aberrant, \u2018non-self\u2019 vacuoles characterized by the missing of \u2018self\u2019 IRGM proteins. PLoS Pathog. 9, e1003414 (2013).","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog."},{"key":"859_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e8648","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0008648","volume":"5","author":"YO Zhao","year":"2010","unstructured":"Zhao, Y. O., K\u00f6nen-Waisman, S., Taylor, G. A., Martens, S. & Howard, J. C. Localisation and mislocalisation of the interferon-inducible immunity-related GTPase, Irgm1 (LRG-47) in mouse cells. PLoS ONE 5, e8648 (2010).","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"859_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12915-016-0255-4","volume":"14","author":"J Maric-Biresev","year":"2016","unstructured":"Maric-Biresev, J. et al. Loss of the interferon-\u03b3-inducible regulatory immunity-related GTPase (IRG), Irgm1, causes activation of effector IRG proteins on lysosomes, damaging lysosomal function and predicting the dramatic susceptibility of Irgm1-deficient mice to infection. BMC Biol. 14, 33 (2016).","journal-title":"BMC Biol."},{"key":"859_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"30471","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M111.251967","volume":"286","author":"MK Traver","year":"2011","unstructured":"Traver, M. K. et al. Immunity-related GTPase M (IRGM) proteins influence the localization of guanylate-binding protein 2 (GBP2) by modulating macroautophagy. J. Biol. Chem. 286, 30471\u201330480 (2011).","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"859_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e91914","DOI":"10.1172\/jci.insight.91914","volume":"2","author":"KM Azzam","year":"2017","unstructured":"Azzam, K. M. et al. Irgm1 coordinately regulates autoimmunity and host defense at select mucosal surfaces. JCI Insight 2, e91914 (2017).","journal-title":"JCI Insight"},{"key":"859_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1330","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2010.140111","volume":"70","author":"XJ Zhou","year":"2011","unstructured":"Zhou, X. J. et al. Genetic association of PRDM1-ATG5 intergenic region and autophagy with systemic lupus erythematosus in a Chinese population. Ann. Rheum. Dis. 70, 1330\u20131337 (2011).","journal-title":"Ann. Rheum. Dis."},{"key":"859_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1038\/gene.2016.48","volume":"18","author":"Q Xia","year":"2017","unstructured":"Xia, Q. et al. Autophagy-related IRGM genes confer susceptibility to ankylosing spondylitis in a Chinese female population: a case\u2013control study. Genes Immun. 18, 42\u201347 (2017).","journal-title":"Genes Immun."},{"key":"859_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7959707","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/7959707","volume":"2018","author":"QM Yao","year":"2018","unstructured":"Yao, Q. M. et al. Polymorphisms in autophagy-related gene IRGM are associated with susceptibility to autoimmune thyroid diseases. Biomed. Res. Int. 2018, 7959707 (2018).","journal-title":"Biomed. Res. Int."},{"key":"859_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"544","DOI":"10.1038\/nrrheum.2013.110","volume":"9","author":"G Nocturne","year":"2013","unstructured":"Nocturne, G. & Mariette, X. Advances in understanding the pathogenesis of primary Sjogren\u2019s syndrome. Nat. Rev. Rheumatol. 9, 544\u2013556 (2013).","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Rheumatol."},{"key":"859_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stem.2007.10.007","volume":"2","author":"CG Feng","year":"2008","unstructured":"Feng, C. G., Weksberg, D. C., Taylor, G. A., Sher, A. & Goodell, M. A. The p47 GTPase Lrg-47 (Irgm1) links host defense and hematopoietic stem cell proliferation. Cell Stem Cell 2, 83\u201389 (2008).","journal-title":"Cell Stem Cell"},{"key":"859_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"813","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1102041","volume":"189","author":"T Matsuzawa","year":"2012","unstructured":"Matsuzawa, T. et al. IFN-\u03b3 elicits macrophage autophagy via the p38 MAPK signaling pathway. J. Immunol. 189, 813\u2013818 (2012).","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"859_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1525","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2011-01-328682","volume":"118","author":"KY King","year":"2011","unstructured":"King, K. Y. et al. Irgm1 protects hematopoietic stem cells by negative regulation of IFN signaling. Blood 118, 1525\u20131533 (2011).","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"859_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1038\/nri.2017.21","volume":"17","author":"AP West","year":"2017","unstructured":"West, A. P. & Shadel, G. S. Mitochondrial DNA in innate immune responses and inflammatory pathology. Nat. Rev. Immunol. 17, 363\u2013375 (2017).","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Immunol."},{"key":"859_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.1980","volume":"12","author":"K Nakahira","year":"2011","unstructured":"Nakahira, K. et al. Autophagy proteins regulate innate immune responses by inhibiting the release of mitochondrial DNA mediated by the NALP3 inflammasome. Nat. Immunol. 12, 222\u2013230 (2011).","journal-title":"Nat. Immunol."},{"key":"859_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1545","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1402066","volume":"194","author":"F Ma","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ma, F. et al. Positive feedback regulation of type I IFN production by the IFN-inducible DNA sensor cGAS. J. Immunol. 194, 1545\u20131554 (2015).","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"859_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"775","DOI":"10.1007\/s00018-015-2087-8","volume":"73","author":"A Hamacher-Brady","year":"2016","unstructured":"Hamacher-Brady, A. & Brady, N. R. Mitophagy programs: mechanisms and physiological implications of mitochondrial targeting by autophagy. Cell Mol. Life Sci. 73, 775\u2013795 (2016).","journal-title":"Cell Mol. Life Sci."},{"key":"859_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1042","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chembiol.2011.05.013","volume":"18","author":"H Katayama","year":"2011","unstructured":"Katayama, H., Kogure, T., Mizushima, N., Yoshimori, T. & Miyawaki, A. A sensitive and quantitative technique for detecting autophagic events based on lysosomal delivery. Chem. Biol. 18, 1042\u20131052 (2011).","journal-title":"Chem. Biol."},{"key":"859_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1438","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1129577","volume":"313","author":"SB Singh","year":"2006","unstructured":"Singh, S. B., Davis, A. S., Taylor, G. A. & Deretic, V. Human IRGM induces autophagy to eliminate intracellular mycobacteria. Science 313, 1438\u20131441 (2006).","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"859_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1038\/nchembio.2287","volume":"13","author":"ND Georgakopoulos","year":"2017","unstructured":"Georgakopoulos, N. D., Wells, G. & Campanella, M. The pharmacological regulation of cellular mitophagy. Nat. Chem. Biol. 13, 136\u2013146 (2017).","journal-title":"Nat. Chem. Biol."},{"key":"859_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"180108","DOI":"10.1098\/rsob.180108","volume":"8","author":"TG McWilliams","year":"2018","unstructured":"McWilliams, T. G. et al. Phosphorylation of Parkin at serine 65 is essential for its activation in vivo. Open Biol. 8, 180108 (2018).","journal-title":"Open Biol."},{"key":"859_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2019.00114","volume":"7","author":"C Di Malta","year":"2019","unstructured":"Di Malta, C., Cinque, L. & Settembre, C. Transcriptional regulation of autophagy: mechanisms and diseases. Front. Cell Dev. Biol. 7, 114 (2019).","journal-title":"Front. Cell Dev. Biol."},{"key":"859_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.201511042","volume":"214","author":"KM Trudeau","year":"2016","unstructured":"Trudeau, K. M. et al. Lysosome acidification by photoactivated nanoparticles restores autophagy under lipotoxicity. J. Cell Biol. 214, 25\u201334 (2016).","journal-title":"J. Cell Biol."},{"key":"859_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1113","DOI":"10.1189\/jlb.3A1015-463R","volume":"100","author":"L He","year":"2016","unstructured":"He, L., Weber, K. J., Diwan, A. & Schilling, J. D. Inhibition of mTOR reduces lipotoxic cell death in primary macrophages through an autophagy-independent mechanism. J. Leukoc. Biol. 100, 1113\u20131124 (2016).","journal-title":"J. Leukoc. Biol."},{"key":"859_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1038\/nature10992","volume":"485","author":"T Oka","year":"2012","unstructured":"Oka, T. et al. Mitochondrial DNA that escapes from autophagy causes inflammation and heart failure. Nature 485, 251\u2013255 (2012).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"859_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e96553","DOI":"10.15252\/embj.201796553","volume":"37","author":"A Rodr\u00edguez-Nuevo","year":"2018","unstructured":"Rodr\u00edguez-Nuevo, A. et al. Mitochondrial DNA and TLR9 drive muscle inflammation upon Opa1 deficiency. EMBO J. 37, e96553 (2018).","journal-title":"EMBO J."},{"key":"859_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"658","DOI":"10.1038\/nature07405","volume":"456","author":"SE Ewald","year":"2008","unstructured":"Ewald, S. E. et al. The ectodomain of Toll-like receptor 9 is cleaved to generate a functional receptor. Nature 456, 658\u2013662 (2008).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"859_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"643","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20100682","volume":"208","author":"SE Ewald","year":"2011","unstructured":"Ewald, S. E. et al. Nucleic acid recognition by Toll-like receptors is coupled to stepwise processing by cathepsins and asparagine endopeptidase. J. Exp. Med. 208, 643\u2013651 (2011).","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"859_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1656","DOI":"10.15252\/embr.201540861","volume":"16","author":"A Kruger","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kruger, A. et al. Human TLR8 senses UR\/URR motifs in bacterial and mitochondrial RNA. EMBO Rep. 16, 1656\u20131663 (2015).","journal-title":"EMBO Rep."},{"key":"859_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"893","DOI":"10.1038\/ncb3192","volume":"17","author":"J Martinez","year":"2015","unstructured":"Martinez, J. et al. Molecular characterization of LC3-associated phagocytosis reveals distinct roles for rubicon, NOX2 and autophagy proteins. Nat. Cell Biol. 17, 893\u2013906 (2015).","journal-title":"Nat. Cell Biol."},{"key":"859_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"697","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20151876","volume":"213","author":"S Caielli","year":"2016","unstructured":"Caielli, S. et al. Oxidized mitochondrial nucleoids released by neutrophils drive type I interferon production in human lupus. J. Exp. Med. 213, 697\u2013713 (2016).","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"859_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-019-08620-4","volume":"10","author":"L Lama","year":"2019","unstructured":"Lama, L. et al. Development of human cGAS-specific small-molecule inhibitors for repression of dsDNA-triggered interferon expression. Nat. Commun. 10, 2261 (2019).","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"859_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E710","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1420217112","volume":"112","author":"S Sharma","year":"2015","unstructured":"Sharma, S. et al. Suppression of systemic autoimmunity by the innate immune adaptor STING. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 112, E710\u2013E717 (2015).","journal-title":"Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"859_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1080\/15548627.2016.1261238","volume":"13","author":"B Shi","year":"2017","unstructured":"Shi, B. et al. SNAPIN is critical for lysosomal acidification and autophagosome maturation in macrophages. Autophagy 13, 285\u2013301 (2017).","journal-title":"Autophagy"},{"key":"859_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12974-016-0570-2","volume":"13","author":"EB Vitner","year":"2016","unstructured":"Vitner, E. B. et al. Induction of the type I interferon response in neurological forms of Gaucher disease. J. Neuroinflammation 13, 104 (2016).","journal-title":"J. Neuroinflammation"},{"key":"859_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-22380-3_3","volume":"887","author":"PM Borralho","year":"2015","unstructured":"Borralho, P. M., Rodrigues, C. M. & Steer, C. J. microRNAs in mitochondria: an unexplored niche. Adv. Exp. Med. Biol. 887, 31\u201351 (2015).","journal-title":"Adv. Exp. Med. Biol."},{"key":"859_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mito.2017.08.002","volume":"38","author":"S Gao","year":"2018","unstructured":"Gao, S. et al. Two novel lncRNAs discovered in human mitochondrial DNA using PacBio full-length transcriptome data. Mitochondrion 38, 41\u201347 (2018).","journal-title":"Mitochondrion"},{"key":"859_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molcel.2015.03.020","volume":"58","author":"S Chauhan","year":"2015","unstructured":"Chauhan, S., Mandell, M. A. & Deretic, V. IRGM governs the core autophagy machinery to conduct antimicrobial defense. Mol. Cell 58, 507\u2013521 (2015).","journal-title":"Mol. Cell"},{"key":"859_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"997","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.201708039","volume":"217","author":"S Kumar","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kumar, S. et al. Mechanism of Stx17 recruitment to autophagosomes via IRGM and mammalian Atg8 proteins. J. Cell Biol. 217, 997\u20131013 (2018).","journal-title":"J. Cell Biol."},{"key":"859_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-018-0448-9","volume":"561","author":"DA Sliter","year":"2018","unstructured":"Sliter, D. A. et al. Parkin and PINK1 mitigate STING-induced inflammation. Nature 561, 258\u2013262 (2018).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"859_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"G95","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.00196.2018","volume":"316","author":"TA Ajayi","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ajayi, T. A. et al. Crohn\u2019s disease IRGM risk alleles are associated with altered gene expression in human tissues. Am. J. Physiol. Gastrointest. Liver Physiol. 316, G95\u2013G105 (2019).","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Gastrointest. Liver Physiol."},{"key":"859_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.194.2.181","volume":"194","author":"CM Collazo","year":"2001","unstructured":"Collazo, C. M. et al. Inactivation of LRG-47 and IRG-47 reveals a family of interferon \u03b3\u2013inducible genes with essential, pathogen-specific roles in resistance to infection. J. Exp. Med. 194, 181\u2013188 (2001).","journal-title":"J. Exp. Med."},{"key":"859_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"740","DOI":"10.1038\/35047123","volume":"408","author":"H Hemmi","year":"2000","unstructured":"Hemmi, H. et al. A Toll-like receptor recognizes bacterial DNA. Nature 408, 740\u2013745 (2000).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"859_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1038\/nature17950","volume":"533","author":"J Martinez","year":"2016","unstructured":"Martinez, J. et al. Noncanonical autophagy inhibits the autoinflammatory, lupus-like response to dying cells. Nature 533, 115\u2013119 (2016).","journal-title":"Nature"}],"container-title":["Nature Immunology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41590-020-00859-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41590-020-00859-0","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41590-020-00859-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,28]],"date-time":"2023-01-28T01:18:10Z","timestamp":1674868690000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41590-020-00859-0"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,28]]},"references-count":53,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,3]]}},"alternative-id":["859"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41590-020-00859-0","relation":{},"ISSN":["1529-2908","1529-2916"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1529-2908","type":"print"},{"value":"1529-2916","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,28]]},"assertion":[{"value":"27 August 2019","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"18 December 2020","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"28 January 2021","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}]}}