{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,7]],"date-time":"2026-11-07T00:45:41Z","timestamp":1794012341868,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,22]],"date-time":"2021-12-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640131200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,22]],"date-time":"2021-12-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640131200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nat Immunol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]},"DOI":"10.1038\/s41590-021-01095-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,22]],"date-time":"2021-12-22T12:03:24Z","timestamp":1640174604000},"page":"23-32","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":133,"title":["Prolonged activation of nasal immune cell populations and development of tissue-resident SARS-CoV-2-specific CD8+ T cell responses following COVID-19"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1397-0992","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna H. E.","family":"Roukens","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9761-3123","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cilia R.","family":"Pothast","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9892-218X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marion","family":"K\u00f6nig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5699-7087","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wesley","family":"Huisman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5916-7548","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tim","family":"Dalebout","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5959-7927","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tamar","family":"Tak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3117-5722","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shohreh","family":"Azimi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yvonne","family":"Kruize","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Renate S.","family":"Hagedoorn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6865-8883","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mihaela","family":"Zlei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1588-8519","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Frank J. T.","family":"Staal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3817-8616","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fenna J.","family":"de Bie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3650-7087","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jacques J. M.","family":"van Dongen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sesmu M.","family":"Arbous","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3064-5486","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jaimie L. H.","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9686-3676","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maaike","family":"Verheij","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Corine","family":"Prins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne M.","family":"van der Does","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0238-5982","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pieter S.","family":"Hiemstra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jutte J. C.","family":"de Vries","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4884-5881","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jacqueline J.","family":"Janse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5052-2830","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Meta","family":"Roestenberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sebenzile K.","family":"Myeni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5779-7386","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marjolein","family":"Kikkert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7666-1441","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria","family":"Yazdanbakhsh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6320-9133","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mirjam H. M.","family":"Heemskerk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9279-2890","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hermelijn H.","family":"Smits","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4835-1032","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Simon P.","family":"Jochems","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"in collaboration with BEAT-COVID group","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M. S.","family":"Arbous","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B. M.","family":"van den Berg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"de Bruin-Versteeg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Cannegieter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K.","family":"Cant\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C. M.","family":"Cobbaert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A. M.","family":"van der Does","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. J. M.","family":"van Dongen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Eikenboom","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M. C. W.","family":"Feltkamp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Geluk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. J.","family":"Goeman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Giera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R. J.","family":"Groenland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T.","family":"Hankemeier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M. H. M.","family":"Heemskerk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P. S.","family":"Hiemstra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C. H.","family":"Hokke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R.","family":"van der Holst","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. J.","family":"Janse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S. P.","family":"Jochems","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S. A.","family":"Joosten","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Kikkert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S. Klaver","family":"Flores","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L.","family":"Lamont","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Manni\u00ebn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B.","family":"de Mooij","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T. H. M.","family":"Ottenhoff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K.","family":"Pike-Overzet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T.","family":"Pongracz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M. R.","family":"del Prado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"N. Queralt","family":"Rosinach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Roestenberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Roos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A. H. E.","family":"Roukens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alita J.","family":"van der Sluijs-Gelling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H. H.","family":"Smits","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E. J.","family":"Snijder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"F. J. T.","family":"Staal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L. A.","family":"Trouw","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R.","family":"Tsonaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Verhoeven","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L. G.","family":"Visser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. J. C.","family":"de Vries","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D. J.","family":"van Westerloo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Wigbers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H. J.","family":"van der Wijk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R. C.","family":"van Wissen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Wuhrer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Yazdanbakhsh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Zlei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"in collaboration with COVID-19 LUMC group","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Josine A.","family":"Oud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meryem","family":"Baysan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeanette","family":"Wigbers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lieke J.","family":"van Heurn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susan B.","family":"ter Haar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexandra G. L.","family":"Toppenberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Heerdink","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annekee A.","family":"van IJlzinga Veenstra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna M.","family":"Eikenboom","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julia M.","family":"Wubbolts","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonathan","family":"Uzorka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Willem","family":"Lijfering","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Romy","family":"Meier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ingeborg","family":"de Jonge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark G. J.","family":"de Boer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anske G.","family":"van der Bom","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olaf M.","family":"Dekkers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frits","family":"Rosendaal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"1095_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Diao, B. et al. Reduction and functional exhaustion of T cells in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Front. Immunol. 11, 827 (2020).","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2020.00827"},{"key":"1095_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-020-2588-y","volume":"584","author":"C Lucas","year":"2020","unstructured":"Lucas, C. et al. Longitudinal analyses reveal immunological misfiring in severe COVID-19. Nature 584, 463\u2013469 (2020).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"1095_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mann, E. R. et al. Longitudinal immune profiling reveals key myeloid signatures associated with COVID-19. Sci. Immunol. 5, eabd6197 (2020).","DOI":"10.1126\/sciimmunol.abd6197"},{"key":"1095_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Maucourant, C. et al. Natural killer cell immunotypes related to COVID-19 disease severity. Sci. Immunol. 5, eabd6832 (2020).","DOI":"10.1126\/sciimmunol.abd6832"},{"key":"1095_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100078","DOI":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2020.100078","volume":"1","author":"L Rodriguez","year":"2020","unstructured":"Rodriguez, L. et al. Systems-level immunomonitoring from acute to recovery phase of severe COVID-19. Cell Rep. Med. 1, 100078 (2020).","journal-title":"Cell Rep. Med."},{"key":"1095_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"718","DOI":"10.1126\/science.abc6027","volume":"369","author":"J Hadjadj","year":"2020","unstructured":"Hadjadj, J. et al. Impaired type I interferon activity and inflammatory responses in severe COVID-19 patients. Science 369, 718\u2013724 (2020).","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"1095_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1428","DOI":"10.1038\/s41590-021-01028-7","volume":"22","author":"N Smith","year":"2021","unstructured":"Smith, N. et al. Distinct systemic and mucosal immune responses during acute SARS-CoV-2 infection. Nat. Immunol. 22, 1428\u20131439 (2021).","journal-title":"Nat. Immunol."},{"key":"1095_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"842","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-020-0901-9","volume":"26","author":"M Liao","year":"2020","unstructured":"Liao, M. et al. Single-cell landscape of bronchoalveolar immune cells in patients with COVID-19. Nat. Med. 26, 842\u2013844 (2020).","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"1095_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"970","DOI":"10.1038\/s41587-020-0602-4","volume":"38","author":"RL Chua","year":"2020","unstructured":"Chua, R. L. et al. COVID-19 severity correlates with airway epithelium-immune cell interactions identified by single-cell analysis. Nat. Biotechnol. 38, 970\u2013979 (2020).","journal-title":"Nat. Biotechnol."},{"key":"1095_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"797","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2021.03.005","volume":"54","author":"PA Szabo","year":"2021","unstructured":"Szabo, P. A. et al. Longitudinal profiling of respiratory and systemic immune responses reveals myeloid cell-driven lung inflammation in severe COVID-19. Immunity 54, 797\u2013814 (2021).","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"1095_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Trump, S. et al. Hypertension delays viral clearance and exacerbates airway hyperinflammation in patients with COVID-19. Nat. Biotechnol. 39, 705\u2013716 (2020).","DOI":"10.1038\/s41587-020-00796-1"},{"key":"1095_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4713","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2021.07.023","volume":"184","author":"CGK Ziegler","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ziegler, C. G. K. et al. Impaired local intrinsic immunity to SARS-CoV-2 infection in severe COVID-19. Cell 184, 4713\u20134733 (2021).","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"1095_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Grant, R. A. et al. Circuits between infected macrophages and T cells in SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia. Nature 590, 635\u2013641 (2021).","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-020-03148-w"},{"key":"1095_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"272","DOI":"10.1038\/s41422-020-00455-9","volume":"31","author":"E Wauters","year":"2021","unstructured":"Wauters, E. et al. Discriminating mild from critical COVID-19 by innate and adaptive immune single-cell profiling of bronchoalveolar lavages. Cell Res. 31, 272\u2013290 (2021).","journal-title":"Cell Res."},{"key":"1095_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0169805","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0169805","volume":"12","author":"SP Jochems","year":"2017","unstructured":"Jochems, S. P. et al. Novel analysis of immune cells from nasal microbiopsy demonstrates reliable, reproducible data for immune populations, and superior cytokine detection compared to nasal wash. PLoS ONE 12, e0169805 (2017).","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"1095_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1254","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.153.3.1254","volume":"153","author":"I Dransfield","year":"1994","unstructured":"Dransfield, I. et al. Neutrophil apoptosis is associated with a reduction in CD16 (Fc\u03b3-RIII) expression. J. Immunol. 153, 1254\u20131263 (1994).","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"1095_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"De Filippo, K. & Rankin, S. M. CXCR4, the master regulator of neutrophil trafficking in homeostasis and disease. Eur. J. Clin. Invest. 48, e12949 (2018).","DOI":"10.1111\/eci.12949"},{"key":"1095_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1343","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2016-04-713206","volume":"129","author":"O Marini","year":"2017","unstructured":"Marini, O. et al. Mature CD10+ and immature CD10\u2013 neutrophils present in G-CSF-treated donors display opposite effects on T cells. Blood 129, 1343\u20131356 (2017).","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"1095_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dan, J. M. et al. Immunological memory to SARS-CoV-2 assessed for up to 8 months after infection. Science 371, eabf4063 (2021).","DOI":"10.1126\/science.abf4063"},{"key":"1095_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"864","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2020.07.026","volume":"53","author":"R Zhou","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zhou, R. et al. Acute SARS-CoV-2 infection impairs dendritic cell and T cell responses. Immunity 53, 864\u2013877 (2020).","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"1095_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1039","DOI":"10.1189\/jlb.0408256","volume":"84","author":"BM Burt","year":"2008","unstructured":"Burt, B. M. et al. CD11c identifies a subset of murine liver natural killer cells that responds to adenoviral hepatitis. J. Leukoc. Biol. 84, 1039\u20131046 (2008).","journal-title":"J. Leukoc. Biol."},{"key":"1095_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e8124","DOI":"10.15252\/msb.20178124","volume":"14","author":"R Argelaguet","year":"2018","unstructured":"Argelaguet, R. et al. Multi-omics factor analysis\u2014a framework for unsupervised integration of multi-omics data sets. Mol. Syst. Biol. 14, e8124 (2018).","journal-title":"Mol. Syst. Biol."},{"key":"1095_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"901","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.immunol.23.021704.115816","volume":"23","author":"PR Taylor","year":"2005","unstructured":"Taylor, P. R. et al. Macrophage receptors and immune recognition. Annu. Rev. Immunol. 23, 901\u2013944 (2005).","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Immunol."},{"key":"1095_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kvedaraite, E. et al. Major alterations in the mononuclear phagocyte landscape associated with COVID-19 severity. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 118, e2018587118 (2021).","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2018587118"},{"key":"1095_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1404","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.182.3.1404","volume":"182","author":"EA Kelly","year":"2009","unstructured":"Kelly, E. A. et al. Potential contribution of IL-7 to allergen-induced eosinophilic airway inflammation in asthma. J. Immunol. 182, 1404\u20131410 (2009).","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"1095_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pizzolla, A. et al. Resident memory CD8+ T cells in the upper respiratory tract prevent pulmonary influenza virus infection. Sci. Immunol. 2, eaam6970 (2017).","DOI":"10.1126\/sciimmunol.aam6970"},{"key":"1095_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"716","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2018.03.015","volume":"48","author":"D Herndler-Brandstetter","year":"2018","unstructured":"Herndler-Brandstetter, D. et al. KLRG1+ effector CD8+ T cells lose KLRG1, differentiate into all memory T cell lineages, and convey enhanced protective immunity. Immunity 48, 716\u2013729 (2018).","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"1095_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1489","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2020.05.015","volume":"181","author":"A Grifoni","year":"2020","unstructured":"Grifoni, A. et al. Targets of T cell responses to SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus in humans with COVID-19 disease and unexposed individuals. Cell 181, 1489\u20131501 (2020).","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"1095_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1095","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2020.10.006","volume":"53","author":"AP Ferretti","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ferretti, A. P. et al. Unbiased screens show CD8+ T cells of COVID-19 patients recognize shared epitopes in SARS-CoV-2 that largely reside outside the spike protein. Immunity 53, 1095\u20131107 (2020).","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"1095_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1336","DOI":"10.1038\/s41590-020-0782-6","volume":"21","author":"Y Peng","year":"2020","unstructured":"Peng, Y. et al. Broad and strong memory CD4+ and CD8+ T cells induced by SARS-CoV-2 in UK convalescent individuals following COVID-19. Nat. Immunol. 21, 1336\u20131345 (2020).","journal-title":"Nat. Immunol."},{"key":"1095_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-28791-2","volume":"8","author":"FJ Hartmann","year":"2018","unstructured":"Hartmann, F. J., Simonds, E. F. & Bendall, S. C. A universal live cell barcoding-platform for multiplexed human single cell analysis. Sci. Rep. 8, 10770 (2018).","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"1095_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.1038\/nprot.2015.020","volume":"10","author":"ER Zunder","year":"2015","unstructured":"Zunder, E. R. et al. Palladium-based mass tag cell barcoding with a doublet-filtering scheme and single-cell deconvolution algorithm. Nat. Protoc. 10, 316\u2013333 (2015).","journal-title":"Nat. Protoc."},{"key":"1095_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.1002\/cyto.a.22826","volume":"89","author":"AH Rahman","year":"2016","unstructured":"Rahman, A. H., Tordesillas, L. & Berin, M. C. Heparin reduces nonspecific eosinophil staining artifacts in mass cytometry experiments. Cytometry A 89, 601\u2013607 (2016).","journal-title":"Cytometry A"},{"key":"1095_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"van der Velden, V. H. J. et al. Optimization and testing of dried antibody tube: the EuroFlow LST and PIDOT tubes as examples. J. Immunol. Methods 475, 112287 (2019).","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jim.2017.03.011"},{"key":"1095_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"van der Burg, M. et al. The EuroFlow PID orientation tube for flow cytometric diagnostic screening of primary immunodeficiencies of the lymphoid system. Front. Immunol. 10, 246 (2019).","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2019.00246"},{"key":"1095_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2367","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2019.02367","volume":"10","author":"RP Schuyler","year":"2019","unstructured":"Schuyler, R. P. et al. Minimizing batch effects in mass cytometry data. Front. Immunol. 10, 2367 (2019).","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"1095_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-22811-y","volume":"12","author":"A Gangaev","year":"2021","unstructured":"Gangaev, A. et al. Identification and characterization of a SARS-CoV-2 specific CD8+ T cell response with immunodominant features. Nat. Commun. 12, 2593 (2021).","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"1095_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6229","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.165.11.6229","volume":"165","author":"SR Burrows","year":"2000","unstructured":"Burrows, S. R. et al. Peptide\u2013MHC class I tetrameric complexes display exquisite ligand specificity. J. Immunol. 165, 6229\u20136234 (2000).","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"1095_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI86175","volume":"127","author":"CA van Bergen","year":"2017","unstructured":"van Bergen, C. A. et al. Selective graft-versus-leukemia depends on magnitude and diversity of the alloreactive T cell response. J. Clin. Invest. 127, 517\u2013529 (2017).","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest."},{"key":"1095_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1096","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth.2639","volume":"10","author":"S Picelli","year":"2013","unstructured":"Picelli, S. et al. Smart-seq2 for sensitive full-length transcriptome profiling in single cells. Nat. Methods 10, 1096\u20131098 (2013).","journal-title":"Nat. Methods"}],"container-title":["Nature Immunology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41590-021-01095-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41590-021-01095-w","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41590-021-01095-w.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,19]],"date-time":"2023-01-19T20:36:37Z","timestamp":1674160597000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41590-021-01095-w"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,22]]},"references-count":40,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]}},"alternative-id":["1095"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41590-021-01095-w","relation":{"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1101\/2021.04.19.21255727","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["1529-2908","1529-2916"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1529-2908","type":"print"},{"value":"1529-2916","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,22]]},"assertion":[{"value":"19 April 2021","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"16 November 2021","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"22 December 2021","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}},{"value":"This content has been made available to all.","name":"free","label":"Free to read"}]}}