{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,13]],"date-time":"2026-09-13T18:11:35Z","timestamp":1789323095796,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,13]],"date-time":"2022-01-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1642032000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,13]],"date-time":"2022-01-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1642032000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nat Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Population-level data on COVID-19 vaccine uptake in pregnancy and SARS-CoV-2 infection outcomes are lacking. We describe COVID-19 vaccine uptake and SARS-CoV-2 infection in pregnant women in Scotland, using whole-population data from a national, prospective cohort. Between the start of a COVID-19 vaccine program in Scotland, on 8 December 2020 and 31 October 2021, 25,917 COVID-19 vaccinations were given to 18,457 pregnant women. Vaccine coverage was substantially lower in pregnant women than in the general female population of 18\u221244 years; 32.3% of women giving birth in October 2021 had two doses of vaccine compared to 77.4% in all women. The extended perinatal mortality rate for women who gave birth within 28\u2009d of a COVID-19 diagnosis was 22.6 per 1,000 births (95% CI 12.9\u221238.5; pandemic background rate 5.6 per 1,000 births; 452 out of 80,456; 95% CI 5.1\u22126.2). Overall, 77.4% (3,833 out of 4,950; 95% CI 76.2\u221278.6) of SARS-CoV-2 infections, 90.9% (748 out of 823; 95% CI 88.7\u221292.7) of SARS-CoV-2 associated with hospital admission and 98% (102 out of 104; 95% CI 92.5\u221299.7) of SARS-CoV-2 associated with critical care admission, as well as all baby deaths, occurred in pregnant women who were unvaccinated at the time of COVID-19 diagnosis. Addressing low vaccine uptake rates in pregnant women is imperative to protect the health of women and babies in the ongoing pandemic.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-021-01666-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,13]],"date-time":"2022-01-13T12:03:30Z","timestamp":1642075410000},"page":"504-512","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":240,"title":["SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 vaccination rates in pregnant women in Scotland"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"28","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4308-856X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sarah J.","family":"Stock","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jade","family":"Carruthers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Clara","family":"Calvert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4616-4732","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cheryl","family":"Denny","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jack","family":"Donaghy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1288-3256","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna","family":"Goulding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lisa E. M.","family":"Hopcroft","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leanne","family":"Hopkins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Terry","family":"McLaughlin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiafeng","family":"Pan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4101-4535","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ting","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4314-2685","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bob","family":"Taylor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Utkarsh","family":"Agrawal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bonnie","family":"Auyeung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6593-9092","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Srinivasa Vittal","family":"Katikireddi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Colin","family":"McCowan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Josie","family":"Murray","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5194-8083","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Colin R.","family":"Simpson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chris","family":"Robertson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eleftheria","family":"Vasileiou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7022-3056","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aziz","family":"Sheikh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rachael","family":"Wood","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"1666_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"895","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm7024e2","volume":"70","author":"H Razzaghi","year":"2021","unstructured":"Razzaghi, H. et al. COVID-19 vaccination coverage among pregnant women during pregnancy - eight integrated health care organizations, United States, December 14, 2020\u2013May 8, 2021. MMWR Morb. Mortal. Wkly Rep. 70, 895\u2013899 (2021).","journal-title":"MMWR Morb. Mortal. Wkly Rep."},{"key":"1666_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"m3320","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.m3320","volume":"370","author":"J Allotey","year":"2020","unstructured":"Allotey, J. et al. Clinical manifestations, risk factors, and maternal and perinatal outcomes of coronavirus disease 2019 in pregnancy: living systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ 370, m3320 (2020).","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"1666_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1641","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm6944e3","volume":"69","author":"LD Zambrano","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zambrano, L. D. et al. Update: characteristics of symptomatic women of reproductive age with laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection by pregnancy status - United States, January 22\u2013October 3, 2020. MMWR Morb. Mortal. Wkly Rep. 69, 1641\u20131647 (2020).","journal-title":"MMWR Morb. Mortal. Wkly Rep."},{"key":"1666_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Magnus, M.C. et al. Pregnancy and risk of COVID-19: a Norwegian registry-linkage study. BJOG https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/1471-0528.16969 (2021).","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.16969"},{"key":"1666_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"817","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2021.1050","volume":"175","author":"J Villar","year":"2021","unstructured":"Villar, J. et al. Maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality among pregnant women with and without COVID-19 infection: the INTERCOVID Multinational Cohort Study. 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A.S. and C.R. are members of the New and Emerging Respiratory Virus Threats Advisory Group risk stratification subgroup. C.R. is a member of the Scientific Pandemic Influenza Group on Modeling. A.S. is a member of AstraZeneca\u2019s Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Advisory Group. All roles are unremunerated. R.W. and C.R. are employed by Public Health Scotland. S.J.S. has received research grants paid to the institution from Wellcome Trust, Scottish Chief Scientist Office, National Institute of Healthcare Research and Tommy\u2019s during the course of this study. The remaining authors declare no competing interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}]}}