{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,25]],"date-time":"2026-10-25T03:21:45Z","timestamp":1792898505064,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,1]],"date-time":"2021-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1617235200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,1]],"date-time":"2021-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1617235200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nat Methods"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,4]]},"DOI":"10.1038\/s41592-021-01099-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,1]],"date-time":"2021-04-01T12:02:36Z","timestamp":1617278556000},"page":"369-373","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":68,"title":["Molecular-scale axial localization by repetitive optical selective exposure"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2365-8625","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lusheng","family":"Gu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuanyuan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuwen","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maoge","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanhong","family":"Xue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Weixing","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8260-9754","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tao","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2317-9053","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wei","family":"Ji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"1099_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1642","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1127344","volume":"313","author":"E Betzig","year":"2006","unstructured":"Betzig, E. et al. Imaging Intracellular fluorescent proteins at nanometer resolution. Science 313, 1642\u20131645 (2006).","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"1099_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4258","DOI":"10.1529\/biophysj.106.091116","volume":"91","author":"ST Hess","year":"2006","unstructured":"Hess, S. T., Girirajan, T. P. K. & Mason, M. D. Ultra-high resolution imaging by fluorescence photoactivation localization microscopy. Biophysical J. 91, 4258\u20134272 (2006).","journal-title":"Biophysical J."},{"key":"1099_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"793","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth929","volume":"3","author":"MJ Rust","year":"2006","unstructured":"Rust, M. J., Bates, M. & Zhuang, X. Sub-diffraction-limit imaging by stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy (STORM). Nat. Methods 3, 793 (2006).","journal-title":"Nat. Methods"},{"key":"1099_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"810","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1153529","volume":"319","author":"B Huang","year":"2008","unstructured":"Huang, B., Wang, W., Bates, M. & Zhuang, X. Three-dimensional super-resolution imaging by stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy. Science 319, 810\u2013813 (2008).","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"1099_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth.1211","volume":"5","author":"MF Juette","year":"2008","unstructured":"Juette, M. F. et al. Three-dimensional sub-100 nm resolution fluorescence microscopy of thick samples. Nat. Methods 5, 527\u2013529 (2008).","journal-title":"Nat. Methods"},{"key":"1099_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2995","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0900245106","volume":"106","author":"SRP Pavani","year":"2009","unstructured":"Pavani, S. R. P. et al. Three-dimensional, single-molecule fluorescence imaging beyond the diffraction limit by using a double-helix point spread function. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 106, 2995\u20132999 (2009).","journal-title":"Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"1099_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3125","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0813131106","volume":"106","author":"G Shtengel","year":"2009","unstructured":"Shtengel, G. et al. Interferometric fluorescent super-resolution microscopy resolves 3D cellular ultrastructure. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 106, 3125\u20133130 (2009).","journal-title":"Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"1099_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth.1583","volume":"8","author":"D Aquino","year":"2011","unstructured":"Aquino, D. et al. Two-color nanoscopy of three-dimensional volumes by 4Pi detection of stochastically switched fluorophores. Nat. Methods 8, 353 (2011).","journal-title":"Nat. Methods"},{"key":"1099_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1028","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2016.06.016","volume":"166","author":"F Huang","year":"2016","unstructured":"Huang, F. et al. Ultra-high resolution 3D imaging of whole cells. Cell 166, 1028\u20131040 (2016).","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"1099_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1038\/s41592-019-0676-4","volume":"17","author":"Y Zhang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Zhang, Y. et al. Nanoscale subcellular architecture revealed by multicolor three-dimensional salvaged fluorescence imaging. Nat. Methods 17, 225\u2013231 (2020).","journal-title":"Nat. Methods"},{"key":"1099_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1114","DOI":"10.1038\/s41592-019-0544-2","volume":"16","author":"L Gu","year":"2019","unstructured":"Gu, L. et al. Molecular resolution imaging by repetitive optical selective exposure. Nat. Methods 16, 1114\u20131118 (2019).","journal-title":"Nat. Methods"},{"key":"1099_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth.2448","volume":"10","author":"RP Nieuwenhuizen","year":"2013","unstructured":"Nieuwenhuizen, R. P. et al. Measuring image resolution in optical nanoscopy. Nat. Methods 10, 557\u2013562 (2013).","journal-title":"Nat. Methods"},{"key":"1099_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"034006","DOI":"10.1088\/2050-6120\/3\/3\/034006","volume":"3","author":"A Lampe","year":"2015","unstructured":"Lampe, A., Tadeus, G. & Schmoranzer, J. Spectral demixing avoids registration errors and reduces noise in multicolor localization-based super-resolution microscopy. Methods Appl. Fluorescence 3, 034006 (2015).","journal-title":"Methods Appl. Fluorescence"},{"key":"1099_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"985","DOI":"10.1364\/OPTICA.2.000985","volume":"2","author":"AV Diezmann","year":"2015","unstructured":"Diezmann, A. V., Lee, M. Y., Lew, M. D. & Moerner, W. E. Correcting field-dependent aberrations with nanoscale accuracy in three-dimensional single-molecule localization microscopy. Optica 2, 985\u2013993 (2015).","journal-title":"Optica"},{"key":"1099_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1038\/s41592-019-0688-0","volume":"17","author":"KC Gwosch","year":"2020","unstructured":"Gwosch, K. C. et al. MINFLUX nanoscopy delivers 3D multicolor nanometer resolution in cells. Nat. Methods 17, 217\u2013224 (2020).","journal-title":"Nat. Methods"},{"key":"1099_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"587","DOI":"10.1038\/nphoton.2015.132","volume":"9","author":"N Bourg","year":"2015","unstructured":"Bourg, N. et al. Direct optical nanoscopy with axially localized detection. Nat. Photonics 9, 587\u2013593 (2015).","journal-title":"Nat. Photonics"},{"key":"1099_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Jouchet, P. et al. Nanometric axial localization of single fluorescent molecules with modulated excitation. Nat. Photonics https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41566-020-00749-9 (2021).","DOI":"10.1038\/s41566-020-00749-9"},{"key":"1099_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-15313-9","volume":"7","author":"A Przybylski","year":"2017","unstructured":"Przybylski, A., Thiel, B., Keller-Findeisen, J., Stock, B. & Bates, M. Gpufit: an open-source toolkit for GPU-accelerated curve fitting. Sci. Rep. 7, 1\u20139 (2017).","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"1099_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth.4661","volume":"15","author":"Y Li","year":"2018","unstructured":"Li, Y. et al. Real-time 3D single-molecule localization using experimental point spread functions. Nat. Methods 15, 367\u2013369 (2018).","journal-title":"Nat. Methods"},{"key":"1099_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15982","DOI":"10.1364\/OE.22.015982","volume":"22","author":"Y Wang","year":"2014","unstructured":"Wang, Y. et al. Localization events-based sample drift correction for localization microscopy with redundant cross-correlation algorithm. Opt. Express 22, 15982\u201315991 (2014).","journal-title":"Opt. Express"}],"container-title":["Nature Methods"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41592-021-01099-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41592-021-01099-2","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41592-021-01099-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,20]],"date-time":"2023-05-20T18:14:08Z","timestamp":1684606448000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41592-021-01099-2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,4]]},"references-count":20,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,4]]}},"alternative-id":["1099"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41592-021-01099-2","relation":{"has-review":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.3410\/f.739894683.793586240","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["1548-7091","1548-7105"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1548-7091","type":"print"},{"value":"1548-7105","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"14 September 2020","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"22 February 2021","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"1 April 2021","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"A CN patent (ZL 201920675223.6) has been issued describing the ROSE detection system used in this work; L.G., W.J. and T.X. are the co-inventors. A patent describing the ROSE-Z system and image analysis in this work has been filed; L.G., W.J. and T.X. are the co-inventors. The remaining authors declare no competing interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}]}}