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Experts from 20+ consortia collaborate to develop a Common Coordinate Framework (CCF), knowledge graphs and tools that describe the multiscale structure of the human body (from organs and tissues down to cells, genes and biomarkers) and to use the HRA to characterize changes that occur with aging, disease and other perturbations. HRA v.2.0 covers 4,499 unique anatomical structures, 1,195 cell types and 2,089 biomarkers (such as genes, proteins and lipids) from 33 ASCT+B tables and 65 3D Reference Objects linked to ontologies. New experimental data can be mapped into the HRA using (1) cell type annotation tools (for example, Azimuth), (2) validated antibody panels or (3) by registering tissue data spatially. 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Satija receives compensation from 10x Genomics, Parse Biosciences and Neptune Bio. R.S. is a co-founder and equity holder of Neptune Bio. S. Teichmann is a remunerated member of the Scientific Advisory Boards of QIAGEN, Foresite Labs and Element Biosciences, a co-founder and equity holder of TransitionBio and EnsoCell Therapeutics and a part-time employee of GlaxoSmithKline since January 2024. The HRA Team authors declare the following competing interests: B. Aronow declares Nexstone Immunology, Uniquity and Advisors. C. Werlein declares speaker fees from Boehringer Ingelheim. M. Snyder declares Personalis, SensOmics, Qbio, January AI, Fodsel, Filtricine, Protos, RTHM, Iollo, Marble Therapeutics, Crosshair Therapeutics, NextThought and Mirvie, Jupiter, Neuvivo, Swaza, Mitrix, Yuvan, TranscribeGlass and Applied Cognition. N. Kelleher declares Thermo Fisher Scientific, Proteinaceous, Integrated Protein Technologies and ImmPro. W. M\u00fcller declares Miltenyi Biotec. E. Lundberg is an advisor for the Chan-Zuckerberg Initiative Foundation, Element Biosciences, Cartography Biosciences, Pfizer and Pixelgen Technologies. T. Kendall serves as a consultant or advisory board member for Resolution Therapeutics, Clinnovate Health, HistoIndex, Fibrofind, Kynos Therapeutics, Perspectum, Concept Life Sciences and Jazz Pharmaceuticals; and has received speakers' fees from Servier Laboratories, Jazz Pharmaceuticals, Astrazeneca, HistoIndex and Incyte Corporation. A. Ropelewski is an equity holder in Illumina, Nanostring, 10x Genomics and Akoya. L. Falo is a cofounder and equity holder in SkinJect. The remaining authors declare no competing interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}]}}