{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T23:26:46Z","timestamp":1793575606853,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":216,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,24]],"date-time":"2026-08-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787529600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,24]],"date-time":"2026-08-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787529600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000009","name":"Foundation for the National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01NS060123"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01NS060123"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000009","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000009","name":"Foundation for the National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01AG072520"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01AG072520"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000009","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000009","name":"Foundation for the National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01NS117590"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01NS117590"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000009","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000009","name":"Foundation for the National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01NS060123"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01NS060123"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000009","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000009","name":"Foundation for the National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01AG072520"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01AG072520"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000009","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000009","name":"Foundation for the National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01NS117590"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01NS117590"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000009","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000864","name":"Michael J. Fox Foundation for Parkinson's Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MJFF-023721"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MJFF-023721"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000864","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000864","name":"Michael J. Fox Foundation for Parkinson's Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MJFF-023721"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MJFF-023721"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000864","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100013301","name":"Parkinson's Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PF-RC-936279"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PF-RC-936279"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100013301","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100013301","name":"Parkinson's Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PF-RC-936279"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PF-RC-936279"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100013301","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nat Neurosci"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]},"DOI":"10.1038\/s41593-026-02426-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,24]],"date-time":"2026-08-24T09:04:06Z","timestamp":1787562246000},"page":"2631-2647","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Roles of autophagy in brain homeostasis and disease"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"29","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0901-1895","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Henry","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Edward S.","family":"Wickstead","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoting","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Insup","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8730-8515","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhenyu","family":"Yue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"2426_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"983","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.3232","volume":"19","author":"RA Nixon","year":"2013","unstructured":"Nixon, R. A. The role of autophagy in neurodegenerative disease. Nat. Med. 19, 983\u2013997 (2013).","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"2426_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"477","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-cellbio-100818-125242","volume":"35","author":"AKH Stavoe","year":"2019","unstructured":"Stavoe, A. K. H. & Holzbaur, E. L. F. Autophagy in neurons. Annu. Rev. Cell Dev. Biol. 35, 477\u2013500 (2019).","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Cell Dev. Biol."},{"key":"2426_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"767","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tins.2020.07.003","volume":"43","author":"A Fleming","year":"2020","unstructured":"Fleming, A. & Rubinsztein, D. C. Autophagy in neuronal development and plasticity. Trends Neurosci. 43, 767\u2013779 (2020).","journal-title":"Trends Neurosci."},{"key":"2426_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"885","DOI":"10.1038\/nature04724","volume":"441","author":"T Hara","year":"2006","unstructured":"Hara, T. et al. Suppression of basal autophagy in neural cells causes neurodegenerative disease in mice. Nature 441, 885\u2013889 (2006).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2426_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"880","DOI":"10.1038\/nature04723","volume":"441","author":"M Komatsu","year":"2006","unstructured":"Komatsu, M. et al. Loss of autophagy in the central nervous system causes neurodegeneration in mice. Nature 441, 880\u2013884 (2006).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2426_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7585","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.5809-11.2012","volume":"32","author":"LG Friedman","year":"2012","unstructured":"Friedman, L. G. et al. Disrupted autophagy leads to dopaminergic axon and dendrite degeneration and promotes presynaptic accumulation of alpha-synuclein and LRRK2 in the brain. J. Neurosci. 32, 7585\u20137593 (2012).","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"2426_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2020.10.005","volume":"109","author":"M Kuijpers","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kuijpers, M. et al. Neuronal autophagy regulates presynaptic neurotransmission by controlling the axonal endoplasmic reticulum. Neuron 109, 299\u2013313 (2021).","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"2426_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5082","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molcel.2021.10.001","volume":"81","author":"A Ordureau","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ordureau, A. et al. Temporal proteomics during neurogenesis reveals large-scale proteome and organelle remodeling via selective autophagy. Mol. Cell 81, 5082\u20135098 (2021).","journal-title":"Mol. Cell"},{"key":"2426_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"967","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2021.12.029","volume":"110","author":"J Goldsmith","year":"2022","unstructured":"Goldsmith, J., Ordureau, A., Harper, J. W. & Holzbaur, E. L. F. Brain-derived autophagosome profiling reveals the engulfment of nucleoid-enriched mitochondrial fragments by basal autophagy in neurons. Neuron 110, 967\u2013976 (2022).","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"2426_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15252\/embj.2022110963","volume":"41","author":"M Overhoff","year":"2022","unstructured":"Overhoff, M. et al. Autophagy regulates neuronal excitability by controlling cAMP\/protein kinase A signaling at the synapse. EMBO J. 41, e110963 (2022).","journal-title":"EMBO J."},{"key":"2426_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2329","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2023.05.011","volume":"111","author":"E Kallergi","year":"2023","unstructured":"Kallergi, E. et al. Profiling of purified autophagic vesicle degradome in the maturing and aging brain. Neuron 111, 2329\u20132347 (2023).","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"2426_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-47440-z","volume":"15","author":"X Zhou","year":"2024","unstructured":"Zhou, X. et al. Integrated proteomics reveals autophagy landscape and an autophagy receptor controlling PKA-RI complex homeostasis in neurons. Nat. Commun. 15, 3113 (2024).","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"2426_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-5793(93)80398-E","volume":"333","author":"M Tsukada","year":"1993","unstructured":"Tsukada, M. & Ohsumi, Y. Isolation and characterization of autophagy-defective mutants of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. FEBS Lett. 333, 169\u2013174 (1993).","journal-title":"FEBS Lett."},{"key":"2426_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"460","DOI":"10.1089\/ars.2013.5371","volume":"20","author":"KR Parzych","year":"2014","unstructured":"Parzych, K. R. & Klionsky, D. J. An overview of autophagy: morphology, mechanism, and regulation. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 20, 460\u2013473 (2014).","journal-title":"Antioxid. Redox Signal."},{"key":"2426_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"382","DOI":"10.1038\/s41576-022-00562-w","volume":"24","author":"H Yamamoto","year":"2023","unstructured":"Yamamoto, H., Zhang, S. & Mizushima, N. Autophagy genes in biology and disease. Nat. Rev. Genet. 24, 382\u2013400 (2023).","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Genet."},{"key":"2426_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1149","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2007.10.035","volume":"131","author":"M Komatsu","year":"2007","unstructured":"Komatsu, M. et al. Homeostatic levels of p62 control cytoplasmic inclusion body formation in autophagy-deficient mice. Cell 131, 1149\u20131163 (2007).","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"2426_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1131","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2014.07.040","volume":"83","author":"G Tang","year":"2014","unstructured":"Tang, G. et al. Loss of mTOR-dependent macroautophagy causes autistic-like synaptic pruning deficits. Neuron 83, 1131\u20131143 (2014).","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"2426_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8057","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2261-06.2006","volume":"26","author":"QJ Wang","year":"2006","unstructured":"Wang, Q. J. et al. Induction of autophagy in axonal dystrophy and degeneration. J. Neurosci. 26, 8057\u20138068 (2006).","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"2426_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2012.02.020","volume":"74","author":"D Hernandez","year":"2012","unstructured":"Hernandez, D. et al. Regulation of presynaptic neurotransmission by macroautophagy. Neuron 74, 277\u2013284 (2012).","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"2426_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-39337-0","volume":"14","author":"Y Guo","year":"2023","unstructured":"Guo, Y. et al. Elevated levels of FMRP-target MAP1B impair human and mouse neuronal development and mouse social behaviors via autophagy pathway. Nat. Commun. 14, 3801 (2023).","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"2426_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5933","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.4401-15.2016","volume":"36","author":"S Maday","year":"2016","unstructured":"Maday, S. & Holzbaur, E. L. Compartment-specific regulation of autophagy in primary neurons. J. Neurosci. 36, 5933\u20135945 (2016).","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"2426_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.201412046","volume":"209","author":"XT Cheng","year":"2015","unstructured":"Cheng, X. T., Zhou, B., Lin, M. Y., Cai, Q. & Sheng, Z. H. Axonal autophagosomes recruit dynein for retrograde transport through fusion with late endosomes. J. Cell Biol. 209, 377\u2013386 (2015).","journal-title":"J. Cell Biol."},{"key":"2426_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"378","DOI":"10.1038\/s41556-024-01356-4","volume":"26","author":"MJ Hoyer","year":"2024","unstructured":"Hoyer, M. J. et al. Combinatorial selective ER-phagy remodels the ER during neurogenesis. Nat. Cell Biol. 26, 378\u2013392 (2024).","journal-title":"Nat. Cell Biol."},{"key":"2426_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15252\/embj.2023113491","volume":"42","author":"EN Bunker","year":"2023","unstructured":"Bunker, E. N. et al. Nix interacts with WIPI2 to induce mitophagy. EMBO J. 42, e113491 (2023).","journal-title":"EMBO J."},{"key":"2426_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2014.12.007","volume":"85","author":"AM Pickrell","year":"2015","unstructured":"Pickrell, A. M. & Youle, R. J. The roles of PINK1, parkin, and mitochondrial fidelity in Parkinson\u2019s disease. Neuron 85, 257\u2013273 (2015).","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"2426_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2029","DOI":"10.1016\/j.devcel.2021.06.003","volume":"56","author":"CG Towers","year":"2021","unstructured":"Towers, C. G. et al. Mitochondrial-derived vesicles compensate for loss of LC3-mediated mitophagy. Dev. Cell 56, 2029\u20132042 (2021).","journal-title":"Dev. Cell"},{"key":"2426_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nthiga, T. M. et al. Regulation of Golgi turnover by CALCOCO1-mediated selective autophagy. J. Cell Biol. 220, e202006128 (2021).","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.202006128"},{"key":"2426_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-023-06657-6","volume":"623","author":"KL Hickey","year":"2023","unstructured":"Hickey, K. L. et al. Proteome census upon nutrient stress reveals Golgiphagy membrane receptors. Nature 623, 167\u2013174 (2023).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2426_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"jcs228114","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.228114","volume":"133","author":"AB Birgisdottir","year":"2020","unstructured":"Birgisdottir, A. B. & Johansen, T. Autophagy and endocytosis - interconnections and interdependencies. J. Cell Sci. 133, jcs228114 (2020).","journal-title":"J. Cell Sci."},{"key":"2426_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-022-31465-3","volume":"13","author":"PP Coelho","year":"2022","unstructured":"Coelho, P. P. et al. Endosomal LC3C-pathway selectively targets plasma membrane cargo for autophagic degradation. Nat. Commun. 13, 3812 (2022).","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"2426_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1402","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2023.02.001","volume":"111","author":"AT Bademosi","year":"2023","unstructured":"Bademosi, A. T. et al. EndophilinA-dependent coupling between activity-induced calcium influx and synaptic autophagy is disrupted by a Parkinson-risk mutation. Neuron 111, 1402\u20131422 (2023).","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"2426_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"829","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2016.09.037","volume":"92","author":"SF Soukup","year":"2016","unstructured":"Soukup, S. F. et al. A LRRK2-dependent endophilin A phosphoswitch is critical for macroautophagy at presynaptic terminals. Neuron 92, 829\u2013844 (2016).","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"2426_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2300","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/ddaa080","volume":"29","author":"PY Pan","year":"2020","unstructured":"Pan, P. Y. et al. Synj1 haploinsufficiency causes dopamine neuron vulnerability and alpha-synuclein accumulation in mice. Hum. Mol. Genet. 29, 2300\u20132312 (2020).","journal-title":"Hum. Mol. Genet."},{"key":"2426_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8524","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1292-22.2022","volume":"42","author":"VV Kulkarni","year":"2022","unstructured":"Kulkarni, V. V., Stempel, M. H., Anand, A., Sidibe, D. K. & Maday, S. Retrograde axonal autophagy and endocytic pathways are parallel and separate in neurons. J. Neurosci. 42, 8524\u20138541 (2022).","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"2426_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"790721","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2021.790721","volume":"9","author":"M Decet","year":"2021","unstructured":"Decet, M. & Verstreken, P. Presynaptic autophagy and the connection with neurotransmission. Front. Cell Dev. Biol. 9, 790721 (2021).","journal-title":"Front. Cell Dev. Biol."},{"key":"2426_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.05597","volume":"4","author":"B Binotti","year":"2015","unstructured":"Binotti, B. et al. The GTPase Rab26 links synaptic vesicles to the autophagy pathway. Elife 4, e05597 (2015).","journal-title":"Elife"},{"key":"2426_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"824","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2021.12.031","volume":"110","author":"S Yang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Yang, S. et al. Presynaptic autophagy is coupled to the synaptic vesicle cycle via ATG-9. Neuron 110, 824\u2013840 (2022).","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"2426_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1185","DOI":"10.1038\/s41594-020-00518-w","volume":"27","author":"K Matoba","year":"2020","unstructured":"Matoba, K. et al. Atg9 is a lipid scramblase that mediates autophagosomal membrane expansion. Nat. Struct. Mol. Biol. 27, 1185\u20131193 (2020).","journal-title":"Nat. Struct. Mol. Biol."},{"key":"2426_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1038\/s41594-019-0203-4","volume":"26","author":"T Osawa","year":"2019","unstructured":"Osawa, T. et al. Atg2 mediates direct lipid transfer between membranes for autophagosome formation. Nat. Struct. Mol. Biol. 26, 281\u2013288 (2019).","journal-title":"Nat. Struct. Mol. Biol."},{"key":"2426_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-36081-3","volume":"14","author":"D Park","year":"2023","unstructured":"Park, D. et al. Synaptic vesicle proteins and ATG9A self-organize in distinct vesicle phases within synapsin condensates. Nat. Commun. 14, 455 (2023).","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"2426_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"883","DOI":"10.1080\/15548627.2023.2274204","volume":"20","author":"B Binotti","year":"2024","unstructured":"Binotti, B. et al. ATG9 resides on a unique population of small vesicles in presynaptic nerve terminals. Autophagy 20, 883\u2013901 (2024).","journal-title":"Autophagy"},{"key":"2426_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.201010034","volume":"193","author":"ME Day","year":"2011","unstructured":"Day, M. E. et al. Isoform-specific targeting of PKA to multivesicular bodies. J. Cell Biol. 193, 347\u2013363 (2011).","journal-title":"J. Cell Biol."},{"key":"2426_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Deng, Z. et al. Selective autophagy of AKAP11 activates cAMP\/PKA to fuel mitochondrial metabolism and tumor cell growth. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 118, e2020215118 (2021).","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2020215118"},{"key":"2426_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-025-66356-w","volume":"16","author":"YK Lee","year":"2025","unstructured":"Lee, Y. K. et al. Bipolar and schizophrenia risk gene AKAP11 encodes an autophagy receptor coupling the regulation of PKA kinase network homeostasis to synaptic transmission. Nat. Commun. 16, 10792 (2025).","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"2426_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-40930-6","volume":"14","author":"NC Vierra","year":"2023","unstructured":"Vierra, N. C. et al. Neuronal ER-plasma membrane junctions couple excitation to Ca2+-activated PKA signaling. Nat. Commun. 14, 5231 (2023).","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"2426_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1234","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2018.03.002","volume":"28","author":"YG Zhao","year":"2018","unstructured":"Zhao, Y. G. et al. The ER contact proteins VAPA\/B interact with multiple autophagy proteins to modulate autophagosome biogenesis. Curr. Biol. 28, 1234\u20131245 (2018).","journal-title":"Curr. Biol."},{"key":"2426_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-15119-w","volume":"11","author":"I Choi","year":"2020","unstructured":"Choi, I. et al. Microglia clear neuron-released alpha-synuclein via selective autophagy and prevent neurodegeneration. Nat. Commun. 11, 1386 (2020).","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"2426_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1761","DOI":"10.4161\/auto.29647","volume":"10","author":"MH Cho","year":"2014","unstructured":"Cho, M. H. et al. Autophagy in microglia degrades extracellular beta-amyloid fibrils and regulates the NLRP3 inflammasome. Autophagy 10, 1761\u20131775 (2014).","journal-title":"Autophagy"},{"key":"2426_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2193","DOI":"10.1080\/15548627.2020.1719723","volume":"16","author":"J Cheng","year":"2020","unstructured":"Cheng, J. et al. Microglial autophagy defect causes Parkinson disease-like symptoms by accelerating inflammasome activation in mice. Autophagy 16, 2193\u20132205 (2020).","journal-title":"Autophagy"},{"key":"2426_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e99430","DOI":"10.15252\/embj.201899430","volume":"38","author":"J Houtman","year":"2019","unstructured":"Houtman, J. et al. Beclin1-driven autophagy modulates the inflammatory response of microglia via NLRP3. EMBO J. 38, e99430 (2019).","journal-title":"EMBO J."},{"key":"2426_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Xu, Y., Propson, N. E., Du, S., Xiong, W. & Zheng, H. Autophagy deficiency modulates microglial lipid homeostasis and aggravates tau pathology and spreading. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 118, e2023418118 (2021).","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2023418118"},{"key":"2426_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1576","DOI":"10.1038\/mp.2016.103","volume":"22","author":"HJ Kim","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kim, H. J. et al. Deficient autophagy in microglia impairs synaptic pruning and causes social behavioral defects. Mol. Psychiatry 22, 1576\u20131584 (2017).","journal-title":"Mol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"2426_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"963","DOI":"10.1038\/s41556-023-01158-0","volume":"25","author":"I Choi","year":"2023","unstructured":"Choi, I. et al. Autophagy enables microglia to engage amyloid plaques and prevents microglial senescence. Nat. Cell Biol. 25, 963\u2013974 (2023).","journal-title":"Nat. Cell Biol."},{"key":"2426_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1745","DOI":"10.1002\/glia.23646","volume":"67","author":"AN Bankston","year":"2019","unstructured":"Bankston, A. N. et al. Autophagy is essential for oligodendrocyte differentiation, survival, and proper myelination. Glia 67, 1745\u20131759 (2019).","journal-title":"Glia"},{"key":"2426_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2023.112943","volume":"42","author":"T Zhang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Zhang, T. et al. Autophagy collaborates with apoptosis pathways to control oligodendrocyte number. Cell Rep. 42, 112943 (2023).","journal-title":"Cell Rep."},{"key":"2426_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2022.111480","volume":"41","author":"ER Aber","year":"2022","unstructured":"Aber, E. R. et al. Oligodendroglial macroautophagy is essential for myelin sheath turnover to prevent neurodegeneration and death. Cell Rep. 41, 111480 (2022).","journal-title":"Cell Rep."},{"key":"2426_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.15698\/cst2022.12.274","volume":"6","author":"N Ktena","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ktena, N. et al. Autophagic degradation of CNS myelin maintains axon integrity. Cell Stress 6, 93\u2013107 (2022).","journal-title":"Cell Stress"},{"key":"2426_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molcel.2010.04.007","volume":"38","author":"M Filimonenko","year":"2010","unstructured":"Filimonenko, M. et al. The selective macroautophagic degradation of aggregated proteins requires the PI3P-binding protein Alfy. Mol. Cell 38, 265\u2013279 (2010).","journal-title":"Mol. Cell"},{"key":"2426_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2104","DOI":"10.1080\/15548627.2021.2016256","volume":"18","author":"P Mavroeidi","year":"2022","unstructured":"Mavroeidi, P. et al. Autophagy mediates the clearance of oligodendroglial SNCA\/alpha-synuclein and TPPP\/p25A in multiple system atrophy models. Autophagy 18, 2104\u20132133 (2022).","journal-title":"Autophagy"},{"key":"2426_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2107","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2023.03.014","volume":"13","author":"H Wang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Wang, H. et al. Enhancement of oligodendrocyte autophagy alleviates white matter injury and cognitive impairment induced by chronic cerebral hypoperfusion in rats. Acta Pharm. Sin. B 13, 2107\u20132123 (2023).","journal-title":"Acta Pharm. Sin. B"},{"key":"2426_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1053","DOI":"10.15252\/embr.201338343","volume":"15","author":"S Wang","year":"2014","unstructured":"Wang, S. et al. Autophagy-related gene Atg5 is essential for astrocyte differentiation in the developing mouse cortex. EMBO Rep. 15, 1053\u20131061 (2014).","journal-title":"EMBO Rep."},{"key":"2426_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.5607\/en.2019.28.2.229","volume":"28","author":"S Ha","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ha, S. et al. Autophagy mediates astrogenesis in adult hippocampal neural stem cells. Exp. Neurobiol. 28, 229\u2013246 (2019).","journal-title":"Exp. Neurobiol."},{"key":"2426_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"844","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2013.11.005","volume":"18","author":"E Motori","year":"2013","unstructured":"Motori, E. et al. Inflammation-induced alteration of astrocyte mitochondrial dynamics requires autophagy for mitochondrial network maintenance. Cell Metab. 18, 844\u2013859 (2013).","journal-title":"Cell Metab."},{"key":"2426_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41398-023-02665-2","volume":"13","author":"S He","year":"2023","unstructured":"He, S. et al. Does decreased autophagy and dysregulation of LC3A in astrocytes play a role in major depressive disorder?. Transl. Psychiatry 13, 362 (2023).","journal-title":"Transl. Psychiatry"},{"key":"2426_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2736","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stemcr.2021.09.013","volume":"16","author":"A Chandrasekaran","year":"2021","unstructured":"Chandrasekaran, A. et al. Astrocytic reactivity triggered by defective autophagy and metabolic failure causes neurotoxicity in frontotemporal dementia type 3. Stem Cell Rep. 16, 2736\u20132751 (2021).","journal-title":"Stem Cell Rep."},{"key":"2426_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"738","DOI":"10.4161\/auto.6.6.12573","volume":"6","author":"AP Qin","year":"2010","unstructured":"Qin, A. P. et al. Autophagy was activated in injured astrocytes and mildly decreased cell survival following glucose and oxygen deprivation and focal cerebral ischemia. Autophagy 6, 738\u2013753 (2010).","journal-title":"Autophagy"},{"key":"2426_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17313","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M112.401174","volume":"288","author":"P Ejlerskov","year":"2013","unstructured":"Ejlerskov, P. et al. Tubulin polymerization-promoting protein (TPPP\/p25alpha) promotes unconventional secretion of alpha-synuclein through exophagy by impairing autophagosome-lysosome fusion. J. Biol. Chem. 288, 17313\u201317335 (2013).","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"2426_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-24810-5","volume":"12","author":"S Martinelli","year":"2021","unstructured":"Martinelli, S. et al. Stress-primed secretory autophagy promotes extracellular BDNF maturation by enhancing MMP9 secretion. Nat. Commun. 12, 4643 (2021).","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"2426_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2020.108536","volume":"33","author":"J Wojnacki","year":"2020","unstructured":"Wojnacki, J. et al. Role of VAMP7-dependent secretion of reticulon 3 in neurite growth. Cell Rep. 33, 108536 (2020).","journal-title":"Cell Rep."},{"key":"2426_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2315958121","volume":"121","author":"YC Chang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Chang, Y. C. et al. Identification of secretory autophagy as a mechanism modulating activity-induced synaptic remodeling. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 121, e2315958121 (2024).","journal-title":"Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"2426_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2031","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molcel.2021.03.020","volume":"81","author":"J Durgan","year":"2021","unstructured":"Durgan, J. et al. Non-canonical autophagy drives alternative ATG8 conjugation to phosphatidylserine. Mol. Cell 81, 2031\u20132040 (2021).","journal-title":"Mol. Cell"},{"key":"2426_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.202302067","volume":"223","author":"T Eguchi","year":"2024","unstructured":"Eguchi, T. et al. The V-ATPase-ATG16L1 axis recruits LRRK2 to facilitate the lysosomal stress response. J. Cell. Biol. 223, e202302067 (2024).","journal-title":"J. Cell. Biol."},{"key":"2426_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"536","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2019.05.056","volume":"178","author":"BL Heckmann","year":"2019","unstructured":"Heckmann, B. L. et al. LC3-associated endocytosis facilitates beta-amyloid clearance and mitigates neurodegeneration in murine Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Cell 178, 536\u2013551 (2019).","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"2426_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.15698\/cst2021.09.255","volume":"5","author":"S Kumar","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kumar, S., Jia, J. & Deretic, V. Atg8ylation as a general membrane stress and remodeling response. Cell Stress 5, 128\u2013142 (2021).","journal-title":"Cell Stress"},{"key":"2426_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"926","DOI":"10.1038\/s41580-024-00757-5","volume":"25","author":"RA Nixon","year":"2024","unstructured":"Nixon, R. A. & Rubinsztein, D. C. Mechanisms of autophagy-lysosome dysfunction in neurodegenerative diseases. Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol. 25, 926\u2013946 (2024).","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol."},{"key":"2426_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2010.11.003","volume":"43","author":"TT Rohn","year":"2011","unstructured":"Rohn, T. T. et al. Depletion of Beclin-1 due to proteolytic cleavage by caspases in the Alzheimer\u2019s disease brain. Neurobiol. Dis. 43, 68\u201378 (2011).","journal-title":"Neurobiol. Dis."},{"key":"2426_CR77","first-page":"2190","volume":"118","author":"F Pickford","year":"2008","unstructured":"Pickford, F. et al. The autophagy-related protein beclin 1 shows reduced expression in early Alzheimer disease and regulates amyloid beta accumulation in mice. J. Clin. Invest. 118, 2190\u20132199 (2008).","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest."},{"key":"2426_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnagi.2022.793353","volume":"14","author":"X Wang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Wang, X. et al. Expression pattern of p62 in primary age-related tauopathy: staging of p62 in PART. Front. Aging Neurosci. 14, 793353 (2022).","journal-title":"Front. Aging Neurosci."},{"key":"2426_CR79","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1186\/s13024-019-0342-4","volume":"14","author":"V Lachance","year":"2019","unstructured":"Lachance, V. et al. Autophagy protein NRBF2 has reduced expression in Alzheimer\u2019s brains and modulates memory and amyloid-beta homeostasis in mice. Mol. Neurodegener. 14, 43 (2019).","journal-title":"Mol. Neurodegener."},{"key":"2426_CR80","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2028","DOI":"10.1080\/15548627.2017.1379633","volume":"13","author":"C Yang","year":"2017","unstructured":"Yang, C. et al. NRBF2 is involved in the autophagic degradation process of APP-CTFs in Alzheimer disease models. Autophagy 13, 2028\u20132040 (2017).","journal-title":"Autophagy"},{"key":"2426_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2022.105655","volume":"166","author":"E Galea","year":"2022","unstructured":"Galea, E. et al. Multi-transcriptomic analysis points to early organelle dysfunction in human astrocytes in Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Neurobiol. Dis. 166, 105655 (2022).","journal-title":"Neurobiol. Dis."},{"key":"2426_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"894","DOI":"10.1038\/s43587-023-00424-y","volume":"3","author":"KE Prater","year":"2023","unstructured":"Prater, K. E. et al. Human microglia show unique transcriptional changes in Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Nat. Aging 3, 894\u2013907 (2023).","journal-title":"Nat. Aging"},{"key":"2426_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"649","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2017.07.023","volume":"170","author":"TK Ulland","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ulland, T. K. et al. TREM2 maintains microglial metabolic fitness in Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Cell 170, 649\u2013663 (2017).","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"2426_CR84","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms5998","volume":"5","author":"K Moreau","year":"2014","unstructured":"Moreau, K. et al. PICALM modulates autophagy activity and tau accumulation. Nat. Commun. 5, 4998 (2014).","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"2426_CR85","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"915","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-151101","volume":"51","author":"S Simonovitch","year":"2016","unstructured":"Simonovitch, S. et al. Impaired autophagy in APOE4 astrocytes. J. Alzheimers Dis. 51, 915\u2013927 (2016).","journal-title":"J. Alzheimers Dis."},{"key":"2426_CR86","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/acel.13615","volume":"21","author":"M Ono","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ono, M. et al. Central role for p62\/SQSTM1 in the elimination of toxic tau species in a mouse model of tauopathy. Aging Cell 21, e13615 (2022).","journal-title":"Aging Cell"},{"key":"2426_CR87","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5355","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.13074","volume":"19","author":"B Tumurbaatar","year":"2023","unstructured":"Tumurbaatar, B. et al. Preserved autophagy in cognitively intact non-demented individuals with Alzheimer\u2019s neuropathology. Alzheimers Dement. 19, 5355\u20135370 (2023).","journal-title":"Alzheimers Dement."},{"key":"2426_CR88","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1146","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2010.05.008","volume":"141","author":"JH Lee","year":"2010","unstructured":"Lee, J. H. et al. Lysosomal proteolysis and autophagy require presenilin 1 and are disrupted by Alzheimer-related PS1 mutations. Cell 141, 1146\u20131158 (2010).","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"2426_CR89","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"688","DOI":"10.1038\/s41593-022-01084-8","volume":"25","author":"JH Lee","year":"2022","unstructured":"Lee, J. H. et al. Faulty autolysosome acidification in Alzheimer\u2019s disease mouse models induces autophagic build-up of A\u03b2 in neurons, yielding senile plaques. Nat. Neurosci. 25, 688\u2013701 (2022).","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"2426_CR90","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"334","DOI":"10.1111\/tra.12889","volume":"24","author":"T Burrinha","year":"2023","unstructured":"Burrinha, T. et al. Deacidification of endolysosomes by neuronal aging drives synapse loss. Traffic 24, 334\u2013354 (2023).","journal-title":"Traffic"},{"key":"2426_CR91","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1080\/15548627.2023.2252300","volume":"20","author":"A Kapadia","year":"2024","unstructured":"Kapadia, A. et al. Phosphorylation-state dependent intraneuronal sorting of Abeta differentially impairs autophagy and the endo-lysosomal system. Autophagy 20, 166\u2013187 (2024).","journal-title":"Autophagy"},{"key":"2426_CR92","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2318","DOI":"10.1080\/15548627.2023.2181614","volume":"19","author":"SH Kim","year":"2023","unstructured":"Kim, S. H. et al. Endolysosomal impairment by binding of amyloid beta or MAPT\/Tau to V-ATPase and rescue via the HYAL-CD44 axis in Alzheimer disease. Autophagy 19, 2318\u20132337 (2023).","journal-title":"Autophagy"},{"key":"2426_CR93","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2803","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awaa223","volume":"143","author":"E Drummond","year":"2020","unstructured":"Drummond, E. et al. Phosphorylated tau interactome in the human Alzheimer\u2019s disease brain. Brain 143, 2803\u20132817 (2020).","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"2426_CR94","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"619","DOI":"10.1038\/s41556-025-01623-y","volume":"27","author":"CC Chou","year":"2025","unstructured":"Chou, C. C. et al. Proteostasis and lysosomal repair deficits in transdifferentiated neurons of Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Nat. Cell Biol. 27, 619\u2013632 (2025).","journal-title":"Nat. Cell Biol."},{"key":"2426_CR95","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1343","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.12776","volume":"19","author":"L Yin","year":"2023","unstructured":"Yin, L. et al. Inhibition of the dopamine transporter promotes lysosome biogenesis and ameliorates Alzheimer\u2019s disease-like symptoms in mice. Alzheimers Dement. 19, 1343\u20131357 (2023).","journal-title":"Alzheimers Dement."},{"key":"2426_CR96","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1295","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M112.409250","volume":"288","author":"L Avrahami","year":"2013","unstructured":"Avrahami, L. et al. Inhibition of glycogen synthase kinase-3 ameliorates beta-amyloid pathology and restores lysosomal acidification and mammalian target of rapamycin activity in the Alzheimer disease mouse model: in vivo and in vitro studies. J. Biol. Chem. 288, 1295\u20131306 (2013).","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"2426_CR97","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/tra.12934","volume":"25","author":"J Mayer","year":"2024","unstructured":"Mayer, J. et al. Inhibition of autophagy alters intracellular transport of APP resulting in increased APP processing. Traffic 25, e12934 (2024).","journal-title":"Traffic"},{"key":"2426_CR98","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5255","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0578-19.2019","volume":"39","author":"Y Jiang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Jiang, Y. et al. Lysosomal dysfunction in down syndrome is APP-dependent and mediated by APP-\u03b2CTF (C99). J. Neurosci. 39, 5255\u20135268 (2019).","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"2426_CR99","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-15-4272-5_2","volume":"1207","author":"J Lu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Lu, J., Wu, M. & Yue, Z. Autophagy and Parkinson\u2019s disease. Adv. Exp. Med. Biol. 1207, 21\u201351 (2020).","journal-title":"Adv. Exp. Med. Biol."},{"key":"2426_CR100","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.21022","volume":"60","author":"J Hardy","year":"2006","unstructured":"Hardy, J., Cai, H., Cookson, M. R., Gwinn-Hardy, K. & Singleton, A. Genetics of Parkinson\u2019s disease and parkinsonism. Ann. Neurol. 60, 389\u2013398 (2006).","journal-title":"Ann. Neurol."},{"key":"2426_CR101","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25009","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M300227200","volume":"278","author":"JL Webb","year":"2003","unstructured":"Webb, J. L., Ravikumar, B., Atkins, J., Skepper, J. N. & Rubinsztein, D. C. Alpha-Synuclein is degraded by both autophagy and the proteasome. J. Biol. Chem. 278, 25009\u201325013 (2003).","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"2426_CR102","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41419-021-04138-0","volume":"12","author":"Q Tang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Tang, Q. et al. Alpha-synuclein defects autophagy by impairing SNAP29-mediated autophagosome-lysosome fusion. Cell Death Dis. 12, 854 (2021).","journal-title":"Cell Death Dis."},{"key":"2426_CR103","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2312306120","volume":"121","author":"K Kakuda","year":"2024","unstructured":"Kakuda, K. et al. Lysophagy protects against propagation of alpha-synuclein aggregation through ruptured lysosomal vesicles. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 121, e2312306120 (2024).","journal-title":"Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"2426_CR104","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3191","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awx285","volume":"140","author":"LA Robak","year":"2017","unstructured":"Robak, L. A. et al. Excessive burden of lysosomal storage disorder gene variants in Parkinson\u2019s disease. Brain 140, 3191\u20133203 (2017).","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"2426_CR105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6013","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/ddv314","volume":"24","author":"AG Henry","year":"2015","unstructured":"Henry, A. G. et al. Pathogenic LRRK2 mutations, through increased kinase activity, produce enlarged lysosomes with reduced degradative capacity and increase ATP13A2 expression. Hum. Mol. Genet. 24, 6013\u20136028 (2015).","journal-title":"Hum. Mol. Genet."},{"key":"2426_CR106","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1042\/BCJ20230492","volume":"481","author":"KR McCarron","year":"2024","unstructured":"McCarron, K. R., Elcocks, H., Mortiboys, H., Urbe, S. & Clague, M. J. The Parkinson\u2019s disease related mutant VPS35 (D620N) amplifies the LRRK2 response to endolysosomal stress. Biochem. J. 481, 265\u2013278 (2024).","journal-title":"Biochem. J."},{"key":"2426_CR107","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1651","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0901281","volume":"361","author":"E Sidransky","year":"2009","unstructured":"Sidransky, E. et al. Multicenter analysis of glucocerebrosidase mutations in Parkinson\u2019s disease. N. Engl. J. Med. 361, 1651\u20131661 (2009).","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"2426_CR108","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-019-13413-w","volume":"10","author":"D Ysselstein","year":"2019","unstructured":"Ysselstein, D. et al. LRRK2 kinase activity regulates lysosomal glucocerebrosidase in neurons derived from Parkinson\u2019s disease patients. Nat. Commun. 10, 5570 (2019).","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"2426_CR109","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.abm6393","volume":"8","author":"SH Kuo","year":"2022","unstructured":"Kuo, S. H. et al. Mutant glucocerebrosidase impairs alpha-synuclein degradation by blockade of chaperone-mediated autophagy. Sci. Adv. 8, eabm6393 (2022).","journal-title":"Sci. Adv."},{"key":"2426_CR110","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-37815-z","volume":"14","author":"T Fujii","year":"2023","unstructured":"Fujii, T. et al. Parkinson\u2019s disease-associated ATP13A2\/PARK9 functions as a lysosomal H+,K+-ATPase. Nat. Commun. 14, 2174 (2023).","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"2426_CR111","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1127","DOI":"10.1080\/15548627.2022.2045534","volume":"18","author":"S Prieto Huarcaya","year":"2022","unstructured":"Prieto Huarcaya, S. et al. Recombinant pro-CTSD (cathepsin D) enhances SNCA\/alpha-Synuclein degradation in alpha-synucleinopathy models. Autophagy 18, 1127\u20131151 (2022).","journal-title":"Autophagy"},{"key":"2426_CR112","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.200910140","volume":"189","author":"N Matsuda","year":"2010","unstructured":"Matsuda, N. et al. PINK1 stabilized by mitochondrial depolarization recruits Parkin to damaged mitochondria and activates latent Parkin for mitophagy. J. Cell Biol. 189, 211\u2013221 (2010).","journal-title":"J. Cell Biol."},{"key":"2426_CR113","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"871","DOI":"10.4161\/auto.6.7.13286","volume":"6","author":"S Geisler","year":"2010","unstructured":"Geisler, S. et al. The PINK1\/Parkin-mediated mitophagy is compromised by PD-associated mutations. Autophagy 6, 871\u2013878 (2010).","journal-title":"Autophagy"},{"key":"2426_CR114","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1038\/ncb2012","volume":"12","author":"S Geisler","year":"2010","unstructured":"Geisler, S. et al. PINK1\/Parkin-mediated mitophagy is dependent on VDAC1 and p62\/SQSTM1. Nat. Cell Biol. 12, 119\u2013131 (2010).","journal-title":"Nat. Cell Biol."},{"key":"2426_CR115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1008","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2012.08.022","volume":"75","author":"S Matta","year":"2012","unstructured":"Matta, S. et al. LRRK2 controls an EndoA phosphorylation cycle in synaptic endocytosis. Neuron 75, 1008\u20131021 (2012).","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"2426_CR116","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"882","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2017.01.019","volume":"93","author":"M Cao","year":"2017","unstructured":"Cao, M. et al. Parkinson sac domain mutation in synaptojanin 1 impairs clathrin uncoating at synapses and triggers dystrophic changes in dopaminergic axons. Neuron 93, 882\u2013896 (2017).","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"2426_CR117","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1392","DOI":"10.15252\/embj.201695773","volume":"36","author":"R Vanhauwaert","year":"2017","unstructured":"Vanhauwaert, R. et al. The SAC1 domain in synaptojanin is required for autophagosome maturation at presynaptic terminals. EMBO J. 36, 1392\u20131411 (2017).","journal-title":"EMBO J."},{"key":"2426_CR118","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2018.08.010","volume":"122","author":"KR Croce","year":"2019","unstructured":"Croce, K. R. & Yamamoto, A. A role for autophagy in Huntington\u2019s disease. Neurobiol. Dis. 122, 16\u201322 (2019).","journal-title":"Neurobiol. Dis."},{"key":"2426_CR119","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1038\/ncb3101","volume":"17","author":"YN Rui","year":"2015","unstructured":"Rui, Y. N. et al. Huntingtin functions as a scaffold for selective macroautophagy. Nat. Cell Biol. 17, 262\u2013275 (2015).","journal-title":"Nat. Cell Biol."},{"key":"2426_CR120","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1293","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1870-13.2014","volume":"34","author":"YC Wong","year":"2014","unstructured":"Wong, Y. C. & Holzbaur, E. L. The regulation of autophagosome dynamics by huntingtin and HAP1 is disrupted by expression of mutant huntingtin, leading to defective cargo degradation. J. Neurosci. 34, 1293\u20131305 (2014).","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"2426_CR121","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1004987","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.1004987","volume":"11","author":"J Lim","year":"2015","unstructured":"Lim, J. et al. Proteotoxic stress induces phosphorylation of p62\/SQSTM1 by ULK1 to regulate selective autophagic clearance of protein aggregates. PLoS Genet. 11, e1004987 (2015).","journal-title":"PLoS Genet."},{"key":"2426_CR122","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"965","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/ddl013","volume":"15","author":"A Hodges","year":"2006","unstructured":"Hodges, A. et al. Regional and cellular gene expression changes in human Huntington\u2019s disease brain. Hum. Mol. Genet. 15, 965\u2013977 (2006).","journal-title":"Hum. Mol. Genet."},{"key":"2426_CR123","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"945","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth.1710","volume":"8","author":"A Kuhn","year":"2011","unstructured":"Kuhn, A., Thu, D., Waldvogel, H. J., Faull, R. L. & Luthi-Carter, R. Population-specific expression analysis (PSEA) reveals molecular changes in diseased brain. Nat. Methods 8, 945\u2013947 (2011).","journal-title":"Nat. Methods"},{"key":"2426_CR124","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"813","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2019.12.003","volume":"105","author":"LM Fox","year":"2020","unstructured":"Fox, L. M. et al. Huntington\u2019s disease pathogenesis is modified in vivo by Alfy\/Wdfy3 and selective macroautophagy. Neuron 105, 813\u2013821 (2020).","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"2426_CR125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Stavrides, P. et al. mTOR inhibition in Q175 Huntington\u2019s disease model mice facilitates neuronal autophagy and mutant huntingtin clearance. Elife 14, RP104979 (2025).","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.104979"},{"key":"2426_CR126","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1092","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/ddu522","volume":"24","author":"M Kurosawa","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kurosawa, M. et al. Depletion of p62 reduces nuclear inclusions and paradoxically ameliorates disease phenotypes in Huntington\u2019s model mice. Hum. Mol. Genet. 24, 1092\u20131105 (2015).","journal-title":"Hum. Mol. Genet."},{"key":"2426_CR127","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1420","DOI":"10.1038\/s41593-022-01185-4","volume":"25","author":"YM Oh","year":"2022","unstructured":"Oh, Y. M. et al. Age-related Huntington\u2019s disease progression modeled in directly reprogrammed patient-derived striatal neurons highlights impaired autophagy. Nat. Neurosci. 25, 1420\u20131433 (2022).","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"2426_CR128","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1025","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tins.2023.09.004","volume":"46","author":"TW Todd","year":"2023","unstructured":"Todd, T. W., Shao, W., Zhang, Y. J. & Petrucelli, L. The endolysosomal pathway and ALS\/FTD. Trends Neurosci. 46, 1025\u20131041 (2023).","journal-title":"Trends Neurosci."},{"key":"2426_CR129","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1186\/s13024-017-0232-6","volume":"12","author":"Z Deng","year":"2017","unstructured":"Deng, Z., Sheehan, P., Chen, S. & Yue, Z. Is amyotrophic lateral sclerosis\/frontotemporal dementia an autophagy disease?. Mol. Neurodegener. 12, 90 (2017).","journal-title":"Mol. Neurodegener."},{"key":"2426_CR130","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"917","DOI":"10.1080\/15548627.2019.1644076","volume":"16","author":"Z Deng","year":"2020","unstructured":"Deng, Z. et al. ALS-FTLD-linked mutations of SQSTM1\/p62 disrupt selective autophagy and NFE2L2\/NRF2 anti-oxidative stress pathway. Autophagy 16, 917\u2013931 (2020).","journal-title":"Autophagy"},{"key":"2426_CR131","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2011.09.010","volume":"72","author":"AE Renton","year":"2011","unstructured":"Renton, A. E. et al. A hexanucleotide repeat expansion in C9ORF72 is the cause of chromosome 9p21-linked ALS-FTD. Neuron 72, 257\u2013268 (2011).","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"2426_CR132","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.1601167","volume":"2","author":"M Yang","year":"2016","unstructured":"Yang, M. et al. A C9ORF72\/SMCR8-containing complex regulates ULK1 and plays a dual role in autophagy. Sci. Adv. 2, e1601167 (2016).","journal-title":"Sci. Adv."},{"key":"2426_CR133","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1276","DOI":"10.15252\/embj.201593350","volume":"35","author":"C Sellier","year":"2016","unstructured":"Sellier, C. et al. Loss of C9ORF72 impairs autophagy and synergizes with polyQ Ataxin-2 to induce motor neuron dysfunction and cell death. EMBO J. 35, 1276\u20131297 (2016).","journal-title":"EMBO J."},{"key":"2426_CR134","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1542","DOI":"10.1038\/s41593-021-00923-4","volume":"24","author":"K Szebenyi","year":"2021","unstructured":"Szebenyi, K. et al. Human ALS\/FTD brain organoid slice cultures display distinct early astrocyte and targetable neuronal pathology. Nat. Neurosci. 24, 1542\u20131554 (2021).","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"2426_CR135","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1186\/s40478-023-01648-0","volume":"11","author":"J Beckers","year":"2023","unstructured":"Beckers, J. et al. A toxic gain-of-function mechanism in C9orf72 ALS impairs the autophagy-lysosome pathway in neurons. Acta Neuropathol. Commun. 11, 151 (2023).","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol. Commun."},{"key":"2426_CR136","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3040","DOI":"10.1091\/mbc.e16-01-0003","volume":"27","author":"J Amick","year":"2016","unstructured":"Amick, J., Roczniak-Ferguson, A. & Ferguson, S. M. C9orf72 binds SMCR8, localizes to lysosomes, and regulates mTORC1 signaling. Mol. Biol. Cell 27, 3040\u20133051 (2016).","journal-title":"Mol. Biol. Cell"},{"key":"2426_CR137","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2012.04.015","volume":"37","author":"M Pilli","year":"2012","unstructured":"Pilli, M. et al. TBK-1 promotes autophagy-mediated antimicrobial defense by controlling autophagosome maturation. Immunity 37, 223\u2013234 (2012).","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"2426_CR138","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1205405","volume":"333","author":"P Wild","year":"2011","unstructured":"Wild, P. et al. Phosphorylation of the autophagy receptor optineurin restricts Salmonella growth. Science 333, 228\u2013233 (2011).","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2426_CR139","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"754","DOI":"10.1038\/s44318-024-00036-1","volume":"43","author":"K Yamano","year":"2024","unstructured":"Yamano, K. et al. Optineurin provides a mitophagy contact site for TBK1 activation. EMBO J. 43, 754\u2013779 (2024).","journal-title":"EMBO J."},{"key":"2426_CR140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Harding, O. et al. ALS- and FTD-associated missense mutations in TBK1 differentially disrupt mitophagy. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA e2025053118, 118 (2021).","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2025053118"},{"key":"2426_CR141","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1134108","volume":"314","author":"M Neumann","year":"2006","unstructured":"Neumann, M. et al. Ubiquitinated TDP-43 in frontotemporal lobar degeneration and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Science 314, 130\u2013133 (2006).","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2426_CR142","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(17)30401-5","volume":"17","author":"R Chia","year":"2018","unstructured":"Chia, R., Chio, A. & Traynor, B. J. Novel genes associated with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: diagnostic and clinical implications. Lancet Neurol. 17, 94\u2013102 (2018).","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol."},{"key":"2426_CR143","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"677","DOI":"10.1038\/nchembio.1563","volume":"10","author":"SJ Barmada","year":"2014","unstructured":"Barmada, S. J. et al. Autophagy induction enhances TDP43 turnover and survival in neuronal ALS models. Nat. Chem. Biol. 10, 677\u2013685 (2014).","journal-title":"Nat. Chem. Biol."},{"key":"2426_CR144","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbc.2023.105272","volume":"299","author":"Y Tanaka","year":"2023","unstructured":"Tanaka, Y. et al. Dysregulation of the progranulin-driven autophagy-lysosomal pathway mediates secretion of the nuclear protein TDP-43. J. Biol. Chem. 299, 105272 (2023).","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"2426_CR145","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2783","DOI":"10.1080\/15548627.2020.1841953","volume":"17","author":"HY Hwang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Hwang, H. Y., Shim, J. S., Kim, D. & Kwon, H. J. Antidepressant drug sertraline modulates AMPK-MTOR signaling-mediated autophagy via targeting mitochondrial VDAC1 protein. Autophagy 17, 2783\u20132799 (2021).","journal-title":"Autophagy"},{"key":"2426_CR146","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1101","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.200504035","volume":"170","author":"S Sarkar","year":"2005","unstructured":"Sarkar, S. et al. Lithium induces autophagy by inhibiting inositol monophosphatase. J. Cell Biol. 170, 1101\u20131111 (2005).","journal-title":"J. Cell Biol."},{"key":"2426_CR147","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41398-023-02686-x","volume":"14","author":"M Pozzi","year":"2024","unstructured":"Pozzi, M., Vantaggiato, C., Brivio, F., Orso, G. & Bassi, M. T. Olanzapine, risperidone and ziprasidone differently affect lysosomal function and autophagy, reflecting their different metabolic risk in patients. Transl. Psychiatry 14, 13 (2024).","journal-title":"Transl. Psychiatry"},{"key":"2426_CR148","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1095","DOI":"10.1038\/s41380-021-01312-w","volume":"27","author":"G Scaini","year":"2022","unstructured":"Scaini, G. et al. Dysregulation of mitochondrial dynamics, mitophagy and apoptosis in major depressive disorder: does inflammation play a role?. Mol. Psychiatry 27, 1095\u20131102 (2022).","journal-title":"Mol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"2426_CR149","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2324","DOI":"10.1038\/s41380-018-0090-9","volume":"23","author":"A Gulbins","year":"2018","unstructured":"Gulbins, A. et al. Antidepressants act by inducing autophagy controlled by sphingomyelin-ceramide. Mol. Psychiatry 23, 2324\u20132346 (2018).","journal-title":"Mol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"2426_CR150","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1097\/FBP.0000000000000334","volume":"29","author":"NZ Kara","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kara, N. Z., Flaisher-Grinberg, S., Anderson, G. W., Agam, G. & Einat, H. Mood-stabilizing effects of rapamycin and its analog temsirolimus: relevance to autophagy. Behav. Pharmacol. 29, 379\u2013384 (2018).","journal-title":"Behav. Pharmacol."},{"key":"2426_CR151","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1038\/s41421-023-00583-7","volume":"9","author":"SQ Zhang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Zhang, S. Q. et al. Cell type-specific NRBF2 orchestrates autophagic flux and adult hippocampal neurogenesis in chronic stress-induced depression. Cell Discov. 9, 90 (2023).","journal-title":"Cell Discov."},{"key":"2426_CR152","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2022.113987","volume":"432","author":"MM Li","year":"2022","unstructured":"Li, M. M. et al. Lysosomal dysfunction is associated with NLRP3 inflammasome activation in chronic unpredictable mild stress-induced depressive mice. Behav. Brain Res. 432, 113987 (2022).","journal-title":"Behav. Brain Res."},{"key":"2426_CR153","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2024.114962","volume":"465","author":"L Feng","year":"2024","unstructured":"Feng, L. et al. MKP1 may be involved in the occurrence of depression by regulating hippocampal autophagy in rats. Behav. Brain Res. 465, 114962 (2024).","journal-title":"Behav. Brain Res."},{"key":"2426_CR154","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12974-023-02995-4","volume":"21","author":"YJ Zhu","year":"2024","unstructured":"Zhu, Y. J. et al. Autophagy dysfunction contributes to NLRP1 inflammasome-linked depressive-like behaviors in mice. J. Neuroinflammation 21, 6 (2024).","journal-title":"J. Neuroinflammation"},{"key":"2426_CR155","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-025-08807-4","volume":"641","author":"L Yang","year":"2025","unstructured":"Yang, L. et al. Stress dynamically modulates neuronal autophagy to gate depression onset. Nature 641, 427\u2013437 (2025).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2426_CR156","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2020.12.113","volume":"543","author":"MN Uddin","year":"2021","unstructured":"Uddin, M. N. et al. Strain-specific clearance of seed-dependent tau aggregation by lithium-induced autophagy. Biochem. Biophys Res. Commun. 543, 65\u201371 (2021).","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys Res. Commun."},{"key":"2426_CR157","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12868-015-0222-y","volume":"16","author":"L Hou","year":"2015","unstructured":"Hou, L. et al. Lithium protects dopaminergic cells from rotenone toxicity via autophagy enhancement. BMC Neurosci. 16, 82 (2015).","journal-title":"BMC Neurosci."},{"key":"2426_CR158","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"380","DOI":"10.1093\/toxsci\/kft158","volume":"135","author":"CH Park","year":"2013","unstructured":"Park, C. H., Lee, B. H., Ahn, S. G., Yoon, J. H. & Oh, S. H. Serine 9 and tyrosine 216 phosphorylation of GSK-3beta differentially regulates autophagy in acquired cadmium resistance. Toxicol. Sci. 135, 380\u2013389 (2013).","journal-title":"Toxicol. Sci."},{"key":"2426_CR159","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"861","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.060475","volume":"123","author":"J Yang","year":"2010","unstructured":"Yang, J. et al. GSK-3\u03b2 promotes cell survival by modulating Bif-1-dependent autophagy and cell death. J. Cell Sci. 123, 861\u2013870 (2010).","journal-title":"J. Cell Sci."},{"key":"2426_CR160","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1142","DOI":"10.1038\/ncb1634","volume":"9","author":"Y Takahashi","year":"2007","unstructured":"Takahashi, Y. et al. Bif-1 interacts with Beclin 1 through UVRAG and regulates autophagy and tumorigenesis. Nat. Cell Biol. 9, 1142\u20131151 (2007).","journal-title":"Nat. Cell Biol."},{"key":"2426_CR161","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"541","DOI":"10.1038\/s41588-022-01034-x","volume":"54","author":"DS Palmer","year":"2022","unstructured":"Palmer, D. S. et al. Exome sequencing in bipolar disorder identifies AKAP11 as a risk gene shared with schizophrenia. Nat. Genet. 54, 541\u2013547 (2022).","journal-title":"Nat. Genet."},{"key":"2426_CR162","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"36955","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M206210200","volume":"277","author":"C Tanji","year":"2002","unstructured":"Tanji, C. et al. A-kinase anchoring protein AKAP220 binds to glycogen synthase kinase-3\u03b2 (GSK-3\u03b2) and mediates protein kinase A-dependent inhibition of GSK-3\u03b2. J. Biol. Chem. 277, 36955\u201336961 (2002).","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"2426_CR163","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1038\/npp.2012.172","volume":"38","author":"F Benedetti","year":"2013","unstructured":"Benedetti, F. et al. Lithium and GSK3-beta promoter gene variants influence white matter microstructure in bipolar disorder. Neuropsychopharmacology 38, 313\u2013327 (2013).","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"key":"2426_CR164","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1291","DOI":"10.1038\/s41386-018-0293-4","volume":"44","author":"G Scaini","year":"2019","unstructured":"Scaini, G. et al. TSPO upregulation in bipolar disorder and concomitant downregulation of mitophagic proteins and NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Neuropsychopharmacology 44, 1291\u20131299 (2019).","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"key":"2426_CR165","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1479","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2021.03.008","volume":"109","author":"AM Vanderplow","year":"2021","unstructured":"Vanderplow, A. M. et al. Akt-mTOR hypoactivity in bipolar disorder gives rise to cognitive impairments associated with altered neuronal structure and function. Neuron 109, 1479\u20131496 (2021).","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"2426_CR166","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2362","DOI":"10.4161\/15548627.2014.984270","volume":"10","author":"L Vucicevic","year":"2014","unstructured":"Vucicevic, L. et al. Autophagy inhibition uncovers the neurotoxic action of the antipsychotic drug olanzapine. Autophagy 10, 2362\u20132378 (2014).","journal-title":"Autophagy"},{"key":"2426_CR167","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/acel.14003","volume":"22","author":"X Chen","year":"2023","unstructured":"Chen, X. et al. Impaired mitophagosome-lysosome fusion mediates olanzapine-induced aging. Aging Cell 22, e14003 (2023).","journal-title":"Aging Cell"},{"key":"2426_CR168","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2017.10.012","volume":"81","author":"SH Kim","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kim, S. H. et al. The antipsychotic agent clozapine induces autophagy via the AMPK-ULK1-Beclin1 signaling pathway in the rat frontal cortex. Prog. Neuropsychopharmacol. Biol. Psychiatry 81, 96\u2013104 (2018).","journal-title":"Prog. Neuropsychopharmacol. Biol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"2426_CR169","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2023.1266198","volume":"11","author":"N Li","year":"2023","unstructured":"Li, N. et al. Chlorpromazine affects autophagy in association with altered Rag GTPase-mTORC1-TFEB signaling. Front. Cell Dev. Biol. 11, 1266198 (2023).","journal-title":"Front. Cell Dev. Biol."},{"key":"2426_CR170","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"474","DOI":"10.1002\/jat.4397","volume":"43","author":"M Otreba","year":"2023","unstructured":"Otreba, M., Stojko, J. & Rzepecka-Stojko, A. The role of phenothiazine derivatives in autophagy regulation: a systematic review. J. Appl. Toxicol. 43, 474\u2013489 (2023).","journal-title":"J. Appl. Toxicol."},{"key":"2426_CR171","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1218","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.22647","volume":"89","author":"MR Barnes","year":"2011","unstructured":"Barnes, M. R. et al. Transcription and pathway analysis of the superior temporal cortex and anterior prefrontal cortex in schizophrenia. J. Neurosci. Res. 89, 1218\u20131227 (2011).","journal-title":"J. Neurosci. Res."},{"key":"2426_CR172","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"410","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-1331.2010.03166.x","volume":"18","author":"Y Horesh","year":"2011","unstructured":"Horesh, Y., Katsel, P., Haroutunian, V. & Domany, E. Gene expression signature is shared by patients with Alzheimer\u2019s disease and schizophrenia at the superior temporal gyrus. Eur. J. Neurol. 18, 410\u2013424 (2011).","journal-title":"Eur. J. Neurol."},{"key":"2426_CR173","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1007\/s00406-013-0473-5","volume":"264","author":"C Sellmann","year":"2014","unstructured":"Sellmann, C. et al. Gene expression in superior temporal cortex of schizophrenia patients. Eur. Arch Psychiatry Clin. Neurosci. 264, 297\u2013309 (2014).","journal-title":"Eur. Arch Psychiatry Clin. Neurosci."},{"key":"2426_CR174","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1111\/ahg.12226","volume":"82","author":"MM Al Eissa","year":"2018","unstructured":"Al Eissa, M. M. et al. Exome sequence analysis and follow up genotyping implicates rare ULK1 variants to be involved in susceptibility to schizophrenia. Ann. Hum. Genet. 82, 88\u201392 (2018).","journal-title":"Ann. Hum. Genet."},{"key":"2426_CR175","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e28745","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000028745","volume":"101","author":"WS Kang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Kang, W. S., Lee, S. M., Hwang, D., Park, H. J. & Kim, J. W. Association between Unc-51-like autophagy activating kinase 2 gene polymorphisms and schizophrenia in the Korean population. Medicine 101, e28745 (2022).","journal-title":"Medicine"},{"key":"2426_CR176","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1038\/mp.2013.174","volume":"20","author":"A Merenlender-Wagner","year":"2015","unstructured":"Merenlender-Wagner, A. et al. Autophagy has a key role in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. Mol. Psychiatry 20, 126\u2013132 (2015).","journal-title":"Mol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"2426_CR177","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2023.112497","volume":"42","author":"S Aryal","year":"2023","unstructured":"Aryal, S. et al. Deep proteomics identifies shared molecular pathway alterations in synapses of patients with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder and mouse model. Cell Rep. 42, 112497 (2023).","journal-title":"Cell Rep."},{"key":"2426_CR178","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1123708","DOI":"10.3389\/fnmol.2023.1123708","volume":"16","author":"Y Feng","year":"2023","unstructured":"Feng, Y. & Shen, J. Machine learning-based predictive models and drug prediction for schizophrenia in multiple programmed cell death patterns. Front. Mol. Neurosci. 16, 1123708 (2023).","journal-title":"Front. Mol. Neurosci."},{"key":"2426_CR179","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41398-024-02767-5","volume":"14","author":"Y Tan","year":"2024","unstructured":"Tan, Y., Zhu, J. & Hashimoto, K. Autophagy-related gene model as a novel risk factor for schizophrenia. Transl. Psychiatry 14, 94 (2024).","journal-title":"Transl. Psychiatry"},{"key":"2426_CR180","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41398-023-02393-7","volume":"13","author":"LE Herzog","year":"2023","unstructured":"Herzog, L. E. et al. Mouse mutants in schizophrenia risk genes GRIN2A and AKAP11 show EEG abnormalities in common with schizophrenia patients. Transl. Psychiatry 13, 92 (2023).","journal-title":"Transl. Psychiatry"},{"key":"2426_CR181","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1038\/s41588-023-01305-1","volume":"55","author":"D Liu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Liu, D. et al. Schizophrenia risk conferred by rare protein-truncating variants is conserved across diverse human populations. Nat. Genet. 55, 369\u2013376 (2023).","journal-title":"Nat. Genet."},{"key":"2426_CR182","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2022.103948","volume":"78","author":"J Yang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Yang, J. et al. Association between plasma proteome and childhood neurodevelopmental disorders: a two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis. EBioMedicine 78, 103948 (2022).","journal-title":"EBioMedicine"},{"key":"2426_CR183","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1242","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awz075","volume":"142","author":"M Jelani","year":"2019","unstructured":"Jelani, M. et al. A mutation in the major autophagy gene, WIPI2, associated with global developmental abnormalities. Brain 142, 1242\u20131254 (2019).","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"2426_CR184","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.2562","volume":"45","author":"H Saitsu","year":"2013","unstructured":"Saitsu, H. et al. De novo mutations in the autophagy gene WDR45 cause static encephalopathy of childhood with neurodegeneration in adulthood. Nat. Genet. 45, 445\u2013449 (2013). 449e441.","journal-title":"Nat. Genet."},{"key":"2426_CR185","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e12245","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.12245","volume":"5","author":"M Kim","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kim, M. et al. Mutation in ATG5 reduces autophagy and leads to ataxia with developmental delay. Elife 5, e12245 (2016).","journal-title":"Elife"},{"key":"2426_CR186","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.3389\/fncel.2017.00407","volume":"11","author":"J Xu","year":"2017","unstructured":"Xu, J. et al. A variant of the autophagy-related 5 gene is associated with child cerebral palsy. Front. Cell Neurosci. 11, 407 (2017).","journal-title":"Front. Cell Neurosci."},{"key":"2426_CR187","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep06010","volume":"4","author":"X Lv","year":"2014","unstructured":"Lv, X. et al. The crucial role of Atg5 in cortical neurogenesis during early brain development. Sci. Rep. 4, 6010 (2014).","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"2426_CR188","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2406","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1915722","volume":"384","author":"JJ Collier","year":"2021","unstructured":"Collier, J. J. et al. Developmental consequences of defective ATG7-mediated autophagy in humans. N. Engl. J. Med. 384, 2406\u20132417 (2021).","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"2426_CR189","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1005848","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.1005848","volume":"12","author":"J Zhang","year":"2016","unstructured":"Zhang, J. et al. A founder mutation in VPS11 causes an autosomal recessive leukoencephalopathy linked to autophagic defects. PLoS Genet. 12, e1005848 (2016).","journal-title":"PLoS Genet."},{"key":"2426_CR190","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"781","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molcel.2016.08.021","volume":"63","author":"Z Wang","year":"2016","unstructured":"Wang, Z. et al. The vici syndrome protein EPG5 is a Rab7 effector that determines the fusion specificity of autophagosomes with late endosomes\/lysosomes. Mol. Cell 63, 781\u2013795 (2016).","journal-title":"Mol. Cell"},{"key":"2426_CR191","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1038\/s41593-017-0053-5","volume":"21","author":"T Gstrein","year":"2018","unstructured":"Gstrein, T. et al. Mutations in Vps15 perturb neuronal migration in mice and are associated with neurodevelopmental disease in humans. Nat. Neurosci. 21, 207\u2013217 (2018).","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"2426_CR192","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.2497","volume":"45","author":"T Cullup","year":"2013","unstructured":"Cullup, T. et al. Recessive mutations in EPG5 cause Vici syndrome, a multisystem disorder with defective autophagy. Nat. Genet. 45, 83\u201387 (2013).","journal-title":"Nat. Genet."},{"key":"2426_CR193","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15077","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2436255100","volume":"100","author":"Z Yue","year":"2003","unstructured":"Yue, Z., Jin, S., Yang, C., Levine, A. J. & Heintz, N. Beclin 1, an autophagy gene essential for early embryonic development, is a haploinsufficient tumor suppressor. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 100, 15077\u201315082 (2003).","journal-title":"Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"2426_CR194","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"542","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2018.00542","volume":"9","author":"J Cai","year":"2018","unstructured":"Cai, J. et al. Increased left inferior temporal gyrus was found in both low function autism and high function autism. Front. Psychiatry 9, 542 (2018).","journal-title":"Front. Psychiatry"},{"key":"2426_CR195","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2617","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awz198","volume":"142","author":"D Le Duc","year":"2019","unstructured":"Le Duc, D. et al. Pathogenic WDFY3 variants cause neurodevelopmental disorders and opposing effects on brain size. Brain 142, 2617\u20132630 (2019).","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"2426_CR196","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms5692","volume":"5","author":"LA Orosco","year":"2014","unstructured":"Orosco, L. A. et al. Loss of Wdfy3 in mice alters cerebral cortical neurogenesis reflecting aspects of the autism pathology. Nat. Commun. 5, 4692 (2014).","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"2426_CR197","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3213","DOI":"10.1177\/0271678X211027384","volume":"41","author":"E Napoli","year":"2021","unstructured":"Napoli, E. et al. Wdfy3 regulates glycophagy, mitophagy, and synaptic plasticity. J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab. 41, 3213\u20133231 (2021).","journal-title":"J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab."},{"key":"2426_CR198","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E9707","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1808247115","volume":"115","author":"J Yan","year":"2018","unstructured":"Yan, J., Porch, M. W., Court-Vazquez, B., Bennett, M. V. L. & Zukin, R. S. Activation of autophagy rescues synaptic and cognitive deficits in fragile X mice. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 115, E9707\u2013E9716 (2018).","journal-title":"Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"2426_CR199","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2024.111036","volume":"134","author":"B Zhang","year":"2024","unstructured":"Zhang, B. et al. Role of FMRP in AKT\/mTOR pathway-mediated hippocampal autophagy in fragile X syndrome. Prog. Neuropsychopharmacol. Biol. Psychiatry 134, 111036 (2024).","journal-title":"Prog. Neuropsychopharmacol. Biol. Psychiatry"},{"key":"2426_CR200","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"712","DOI":"10.1038\/s41556-025-01654-5","volume":"27","author":"S Singh","year":"2025","unstructured":"Singh, S., Carosi, J. M., Dang, L. & Sargeant, T. J. Autophagy does not always decline with ageing. Nat. Cell Biol. 27, 712\u2013715 (2025).","journal-title":"Nat. Cell Biol."},{"key":"2426_CR201","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3963","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.273.7.3963","volume":"273","author":"T Noda","year":"1998","unstructured":"Noda, T. & Ohsumi, Y. Tor, a phosphatidylinositol kinase homologue, controls autophagy in yeast. J. Biol. Chem. 273, 3963\u20133966 (1998).","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"2426_CR202","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1038\/ncb2152","volume":"13","author":"J Kim","year":"2011","unstructured":"Kim, J., Kundu, M., Viollet, B. & Guan, K. L. AMPK and mTOR regulate autophagy through direct phosphorylation of Ulk1. Nat. Cell Biol. 13, 132\u2013141 (2011).","journal-title":"Nat. Cell Biol."},{"key":"2426_CR203","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ceb.2009.12.004","volume":"22","author":"N Mizushima","year":"2010","unstructured":"Mizushima, N. The role of the Atg1\/ULK1 complex in autophagy regulation. Curr. Opin. Cell Biol. 22, 132\u2013139 (2010).","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Cell Biol."},{"key":"2426_CR204","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5360","DOI":"10.1091\/mbc.e08-01-0080","volume":"19","author":"E Itakura","year":"2008","unstructured":"Itakura, E., Kishi, C., Inoue, K. & Mizushima, N. Beclin 1 forms two distinct phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase complexes with mammalian Atg14 and UVRAG. Mol. Biol. Cell 19, 5360\u20135372 (2008).","journal-title":"Mol. Biol. Cell"},{"key":"2426_CR205","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1038\/ncb1846","volume":"11","author":"K Matsunaga","year":"2009","unstructured":"Matsunaga, K. et al. Two Beclin 1-binding proteins, Atg14L and Rubicon, reciprocally regulate autophagy at different stages. Nat. Cell Biol. 11, 385\u2013396 (2009).","journal-title":"Nat. Cell Biol."},{"key":"2426_CR206","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"468","DOI":"10.1038\/ncb1854","volume":"11","author":"Y Zhong","year":"2009","unstructured":"Zhong, Y. et al. Distinct regulation of autophagic activity by Atg14L and Rubicon associated with Beclin 1-phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase complex. Nat. Cell Biol. 11, 468\u2013476 (2009).","journal-title":"Nat. Cell Biol."},{"key":"2426_CR207","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms4920","volume":"5","author":"J Lu","year":"2014","unstructured":"Lu, J. et al. NRBF2 regulates autophagy and prevents liver injury by modulating Atg14L-linked phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase III activity. Nat. Commun. 5, 3920 (2014).","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"2426_CR208","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms12420","volume":"7","author":"E Karanasios","year":"2016","unstructured":"Karanasios, E. et al. Autophagy initiation by ULK complex assembly on ER tubulovesicular regions marked by ATG9 vesicles. Nat. Commun. 7, 12420 (2016).","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"2426_CR209","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1005","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.200912089","volume":"190","author":"M Mari","year":"2010","unstructured":"Mari, M. et al. An Atg9-containing compartment that functions in the early steps of autophagosome biogenesis. J. Cell Biol. 190, 1005\u20131022 (2010).","journal-title":"J. Cell Biol."},{"key":"2426_CR210","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"eaaz7714","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aaz7714","volume":"369","author":"J Sawa-Makarska","year":"2020","unstructured":"Sawa-Makarska, J. et al. Reconstitution of autophagosome nucleation defines Atg9 vesicles as seeds for membrane formation. Science 369, eaaz7714 (2020).","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2426_CR211","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"685","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.200803137","volume":"182","author":"EL Axe","year":"2008","unstructured":"Axe, E. L. et al. Autophagosome formation from membrane compartments enriched in phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate and dynamically connected to the endoplasmic reticulum. J. Cell Biol. 182, 685\u2013701 (2008).","journal-title":"J. Cell Biol."},{"key":"2426_CR212","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1080\/15548627.2015.1017178","volume":"11","author":"J Biazik","year":"2015","unstructured":"Biazik, J., Yla-Anttila, P., Vihinen, H., Jokitalo, E. & Eskelinen, E. L. Ultrastructural relationship of the phagophore with surrounding organelles. Autophagy 11, 439\u2013451 (2015).","journal-title":"Autophagy"},{"key":"2426_CR213","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"757","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.201810099","volume":"218","author":"YG Zhao","year":"2019","unstructured":"Zhao, Y. G. & Zhang, H. Autophagosome maturation: an epic journey from the ER to lysosomes. J. Cell Biol. 218, 757\u2013770 (2019).","journal-title":"J. Cell Biol."},{"key":"2426_CR214","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1038\/s41556-018-0037-z","volume":"20","author":"D Gatica","year":"2018","unstructured":"Gatica, D., Lahiri, V. & Klionsky, D. J. Cargo recognition and degradation by selective autophagy. Nat. Cell Biol. 20, 233\u2013242 (2018).","journal-title":"Nat. Cell Biol."},{"key":"2426_CR215","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmb.2019.07.016","volume":"432","author":"T Johansen","year":"2020","unstructured":"Johansen, T. & Lamark, T. Selective autophagy: ATG8 Family proteins, LIR motifs and cargo receptors. J. Mol. Biol. 432, 80\u2013103 (2020).","journal-title":"J. Mol. Biol."},{"key":"2426_CR216","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1111\/febs.15824","volume":"289","author":"A Gubas","year":"2022","unstructured":"Gubas, A. & Dikic, I. A guide to the regulation of selective autophagy receptors. FEBS J. 289, 75\u201389 (2022).","journal-title":"FEBS J."}],"container-title":["Nature Neuroscience"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41593-026-02426-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41593-026-02426-6","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41593-026-02426-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T23:04:42Z","timestamp":1793574282000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41593-026-02426-6"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,24]]},"references-count":216,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]}},"alternative-id":["2426"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41593-026-02426-6","relation":{},"ISSN":["1097-6256","1546-1726"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1097-6256","type":"print"},{"value":"1546-1726","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,24]]},"assertion":[{"value":"14 November 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"23 July 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"24 August 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics"}}]}}