{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,12]],"date-time":"2026-09-12T04:51:19Z","timestamp":1789188679228,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,25]],"date-time":"2025-02-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740441600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,25]],"date-time":"2025-02-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740441600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001349","name":"MOH | National Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NMRC\/OFYIRG\/0042\/2017"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NMRC\/OFYIRG\/0042\/2017"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001349","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001349","name":"MOH | National Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NMRC\/STaR\/0010\/2012"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NMRC\/STaR\/0010\/2012"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001349","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001349","name":"MOH | National Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MOH-000052"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MOH-000052"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001349","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001349","name":"MOH | National Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MOH-STaR18May-0001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MOH-STaR18May-0001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001349","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001349","name":"MOH | National Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NMRC\/CIRG\/1415\/2014"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NMRC\/CIRG\/1415\/2014"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001349","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nat Protoc"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"DOI":"10.1038\/s41596-025-01142-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,25]],"date-time":"2025-02-25T04:02:17Z","timestamp":1740456137000},"page":"2481-2503","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Retina-specific laminin-based generation of photoreceptor progenitors from human pluripotent stem cells under xeno-free and chemically defined conditions"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Wei Sheng","family":"Tan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yixin","family":"Lai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yingying","family":"Chung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Swarnaseetha","family":"Adusumalli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xin Yi","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karl","family":"Tryggvason","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5418-5149","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hwee Goon","family":"Tay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"1142_CR1","unstructured":"Kolb, H. Simple anatomy of the retina. In Webvision: The Organization of the Retina and Visual System (eds. H. Kolb, E. Fernandez & R. Nelson) (Webvision, 1995) Available at https:\/\/webvision.med.utah.edu\/"},{"key":"1142_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1016\/j.preteyeres.2010.03.004","volume":"29","author":"W Berger","year":"2010","unstructured":"Berger, W., Kloeckener-Gruissem, B. & Neidhardt, J. The molecular basis of human retinal and vitreoretinal diseases. Prog. Retin. Eye Res. 29, 335\u2013375 (2010).","journal-title":"Prog. Retin. Eye Res."},{"key":"1142_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1016\/j.preteyeres.2018.03.005","volume":"66","author":"SK Verbakel","year":"2018","unstructured":"Verbakel, S. K. et al. Non-syndromic retinitis pigmentosa. Prog. Retin. Eye Res. 66, 157\u2013186 (2018).","journal-title":"Prog. Retin. Eye Res."},{"key":"1142_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e18992","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0018992","volume":"6","author":"BA Tucker","year":"2011","unstructured":"Tucker, B. A. et al. Transplantation of adult mouse iPS cell-derived photoreceptor precursors restores retinal structure and function in degenerative mice. PLoS One 6, e18992 (2011).","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"1142_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2469","DOI":"10.1002\/stem.2051","volume":"33","author":"J Lakowski","year":"2015","unstructured":"Lakowski, J. et al. Transplantation of photoreceptor precursors isolated via a cell surface biomarker panel From embryonic stem cell-derived self-forming retina. Stem Cells 33, 2469\u20132482 (2015).","journal-title":"Stem Cells"},{"key":"1142_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"ORSFd1-9","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.16-19127","volume":"57","author":"V Canto-Soler","year":"2016","unstructured":"Canto-Soler, V., Flores-Bellver, M. & Vergara, M. N. Stem cell sources and their potential for the treatment of retinal degenerations. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 57, ORSFd1-9 (2016).","journal-title":"Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"1142_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8518","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1324212111","volume":"111","author":"S Reichman","year":"2014","unstructured":"Reichman, S. et al. From confluent human iPS cells to self-forming neural retina and retinal pigmented epithelium. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 111, 8518\u20138523 (2014).","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"1142_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1206","DOI":"10.1002\/stem.674","volume":"29","author":"JS Meyer","year":"2011","unstructured":"Meyer, J. S. et al. Optic vesicle-like structures derived from human pluripotent stem cells facilitate a customized approach to retinal disease treatment. Stem Cells 29, 1206\u20131218 (2011).","journal-title":"Stem Cells"},{"key":"1142_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms5047","volume":"5","author":"X Zhong","year":"2014","unstructured":"Zhong, X. et al. Generation of three-dimensional retinal tissue with functional photoreceptors from human iPSCs. Nat. Commun. 5, 4047 (2014).","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"1142_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1H.8.1","DOI":"10.1002\/9780470151808.sc01h08s32","volume":"32","author":"SK Ohlemacher","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ohlemacher, S. K., Iglesias, C. L., Sridhar, A., Gamm, D. M. & Meyer, J. S. Generation of highly enriched populations of optic vesicle-like retinal cells from human pluripotent stem cells. Curr. Protoc. Stem Cell Biol. 32, 1H.8.1\u20131H.8.20 (2015).","journal-title":"Curr. Protoc. Stem Cell Biol."},{"key":"1142_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12769","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0601990103","volume":"103","author":"DA Lamba","year":"2006","unstructured":"Lamba, D. A., Karl, M. O., Ware, C. B. & Reh, T. A. Efficient generation of retinal progenitor cells from human embryonic stem cells. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 103, 12769\u201312774 (2006).","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"1142_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt1384","volume":"26","author":"F Osakada","year":"2008","unstructured":"Osakada, F. et al. Toward the generation of rod and cone photoreceptors from mouse, monkey and human embryonic stem cells. Nat. Biotechnol. 26, 215\u2013224 (2008).","journal-title":"Nat. Biotechnol."},{"key":"1142_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"820","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stemcr.2017.07.022","volume":"9","author":"A Gonzalez-Cordero","year":"2017","unstructured":"Gonzalez-Cordero, A. et al. Recapitulation of human retinal development from human pluripotent stem cells generates transplantable populations of cone photoreceptors. Stem Cell Rep. 9, 820\u2013837 (2017).","journal-title":"Stem Cell Rep."},{"key":"1142_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep29784","volume":"6","author":"AO Barnea-Cramer","year":"2016","unstructured":"Barnea-Cramer, A. O. et al. Function of human pluripotent stem cell-derived photoreceptor progenitors in blind mice. Sci. Rep. 6, 29784 (2016).","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"1142_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-385044-7.00003-5","volume":"93","author":"S Fuhrmann","year":"2010","unstructured":"Fuhrmann, S. Eye morphogenesis and patterning of the optic vesicle. Curr. Top. Dev. Biol. 93, 61\u201384 (2010).","journal-title":"Curr. Top. Dev. Biol."},{"key":"1142_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.cellbio.17.1.255","volume":"17","author":"RL Chow","year":"2001","unstructured":"Chow, R. L. & Lang, R. A. Early eye development in vertebrates. Annu. Rev. Cell Dev. Biol. 17, 255\u2013296 (2001).","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Cell Dev. Biol."},{"key":"1142_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5155","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.00723","volume":"130","author":"ME Zuber","year":"2003","unstructured":"Zuber, M. E., Gestri, G., Viczian, A. S., Barsacchi, G. & Harris, W. A. Specification of the vertebrate eye by a network of eye field transcription factors. Development 130, 5155\u20135167 (2003).","journal-title":"Development"},{"key":"1142_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.1002\/bdrc.20161","volume":"87","author":"M Andreazzoli","year":"2009","unstructured":"Andreazzoli, M. Molecular regulation of vertebrate retina cell fate. Birth Defects Res. C Embryo Today 87, 284\u2013295 (2009).","journal-title":"Birth Defects Res. C Embryo Today"},{"key":"1142_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3169","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.050393","volume":"122","author":"F Osakada","year":"2009","unstructured":"Osakada, F. et al. In vitro differentiation of retinal cells from human pluripotent stem cells by small-molecule induction. J. Cell Sci. 122, 3169\u20133179 (2009).","journal-title":"J. Cell Sci."},{"key":"1142_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1016\/j.preteyeres.2015.01.003","volume":"46","author":"SA Jayakody","year":"2015","unstructured":"Jayakody, S. A., Gonzalez-Cordero, A., Ali, R. R. & Pearson, R. A. Cellular strategies for retinal repair by photoreceptor replacement. Prog. Retin. Eye Res. 46, 31\u201366 (2015).","journal-title":"Prog. Retin. Eye Res."},{"key":"1142_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2009.04.035","volume":"458","author":"Y Hirami","year":"2009","unstructured":"Hirami, Y. et al. Generation of retinal cells from mouse and human induced pluripotent stem cells. Neurosci. Lett. 458, 126\u2013131 (2009).","journal-title":"Neurosci. Lett."},{"key":"1142_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16698","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0905245106","volume":"106","author":"JS Meyer","year":"2009","unstructured":"Meyer, J. S. et al. Modeling early retinal development with human embryonic and induced pluripotent stem cells. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 106, 16698\u201316703 (2009).","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"1142_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"771","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stem.2012.05.009","volume":"10","author":"T Nakano","year":"2012","unstructured":"Nakano, T. et al. Self-formation of optic cups and storable stratified neural retina from human ESCs. Cell Stem Cell 10, 771\u2013785 (2012).","journal-title":"Cell Stem Cell"},{"key":"1142_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-00774-9","volume":"7","author":"KJ Wahlin","year":"2017","unstructured":"Wahlin, K. J. et al. Photoreceptor outer segment-like structures in long-term 3D retinas from human pluripotent stem cells. Sci. Rep. 7, 766 (2017).","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"1142_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-cellbio-101011-155750","volume":"28","author":"A Domogatskaya","year":"2012","unstructured":"Domogatskaya, A., Rodin, S. & Tryggvason, K. Functional diversity of laminins. Annu. Rev. Cell Dev. Biol. 28, 523\u2013553 (2012).","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Cell Dev. Biol."},{"key":"1142_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3231","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2019.02.083","volume":"26","author":"L Yap","year":"2019","unstructured":"Yap, L. et al. In vivo generation of post-infarct human cardiac muscle by laminin-promoted cardiovascular progenitors. Cell Rep. 26, 3231\u20133245.e9 (2019).","journal-title":"Cell Rep."},{"key":"1142_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep35680","volume":"6","author":"R Ohta","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ohta, R. et al. Laminin-guided highly efficient endothelial commitment from human pluripotent stem cells. Sci. Rep. 6, 35680 (2016).","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"1142_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"802","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stemcr.2016.08.017","volume":"7","author":"MTX Nguyen","year":"2016","unstructured":"Nguyen, M. T. X. et al. Differentiation of human embryonic stem cells to endothelial progenitor cells on laminins in defined and xeno-free systems. Stem Cell Rep. 7, 802\u2013816 (2016).","journal-title":"Stem Cell Rep."},{"key":"1142_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-15326-5","volume":"11","author":"A Plaza Reyes","year":"2020","unstructured":"Plaza Reyes, A. et al. Identification of cell surface markers and establishment of monolayer differentiation to retinal pigment epithelial cells. Nat. Commun. 11, 1609 (2020).","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"1142_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms4195","volume":"5","author":"S Rodin","year":"2014","unstructured":"Rodin, S. et al. Clonal culturing of human embryonic stem cells on laminin-521\/E-cadherin matrix in defined and xeno-free environment. Nat. Commun. 5, 3195 (2014).","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"1142_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"611","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt.1620","volume":"28","author":"S Rodin","year":"2010","unstructured":"Rodin, S. et al. Long-term self-renewal of human pluripotent stem cells on human recombinant laminin-511. Nat. Biotechnol. 28, 611\u2013615 (2010).","journal-title":"Nat. Biotechnol."},{"key":"1142_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14853","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.275.20.14853","volume":"275","author":"J Kortesmaa","year":"2000","unstructured":"Kortesmaa, J., Yurchenco, P. & Tryggvason, K. Recombinant laminin-8 (\u03b14\u03b21\u03b31). Production, purification, and interactions with integrins. J. Biol. Chem. 275, 14853\u201314859 (2000).","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"1142_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"825","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ymthe.2022.12.012","volume":"31","author":"HG Tay","year":"2023","unstructured":"Tay, H. G. et al. Photoreceptor laminin drives differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells to photoreceptor progenitors that partially restore retina function. Mol. Ther. 31, 825\u2013846 (2023).","journal-title":"Mol. Ther."},{"key":"1142_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12741","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M111228200","volume":"277","author":"M Doi","year":"2002","unstructured":"Doi, M. et al. Recombinant human laminin-10 (\u03b15\u03b21\u03b31). Production, purification, and migration-promoting activity on vascular endothelial cells. J. Biol. Chem. 277, 12741\u201312748 (2002).","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"1142_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-018-06934-3","volume":"9","author":"MS Tjin","year":"2018","unstructured":"Tjin, M. S. et al. Biologically relevant laminin as chemically defined and fully human platform for human epidermal keratinocyte culture. Nat. Commun. 9, 4432 (2018).","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"1142_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stem.2016.09.004","volume":"20","author":"A Kirkeby","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kirkeby, A. et al. Predictive markers guide differentiation to improve graft outcome in clinical translation of hESC-based therapy for Parkinson\u2019s disease. Cell Stem Cell 20, 135\u2013148 (2017).","journal-title":"Cell Stem Cell"},{"key":"1142_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6517","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.20-17-06517.2000","volume":"20","author":"RT Libby","year":"2000","unstructured":"Libby, R. T. et al. Laminin expression in adult and developing retinae: evidence of two novel CNS laminins. J. Neurosci. 20, 6517\u20136528 (2000).","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"1142_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"673","DOI":"10.1002\/stem.1037","volume":"30","author":"CB Mellough","year":"2012","unstructured":"Mellough, C. B., Sernagor, E., Moreno-Gimeno, I., Steel, D. H. & Lako, M. Efficient stage-specific differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells toward retinal photoreceptor cells. Stem Cells 30, 673\u2013686 (2012).","journal-title":"Stem Cells"},{"key":"1142_CR39","first-page":"3311","volume":"58","author":"AW Browne","year":"2017","unstructured":"Browne, A. W. et al. Structural and functional characterization of human stem-cell-derived retinal organoids by live imaging. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 58, 3311\u20133318 (2017).","journal-title":"Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"1142_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2005","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stemcr.2018.05.012","volume":"10","author":"WL Deng","year":"2018","unstructured":"Deng, W. L. et al. Gene correction reverses ciliopathy and photoreceptor loss in iPSC-derived retinal organoids from retinitis pigmentosa patients. Stem Cell Rep. 10, 2005 (2018).","journal-title":"Stem Cell Rep."},{"key":"1142_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-20813-3","volume":"8","author":"MJ Phillips","year":"2018","unstructured":"Phillips, M. J. et al. Generation of a rod-specific NRL reporter line in human pluripotent stem cells. Sci. Rep. 8, 2370 (2018).","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"1142_CR42","first-page":"dev.171686","volume":"146","author":"EE Capowski","year":"2019","unstructured":"Capowski, E. E. et al. Reproducibility and staging of 3D human retinal organoids across multiple pluripotent stem cell lines. Development 146, dev.171686 (2019).","journal-title":"Development"},{"key":"1142_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"743","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stemcr.2016.03.011","volume":"6","author":"A Lowe","year":"2016","unstructured":"Lowe, A., Harris, R., Bhansali, P., Cvekl, A. & Liu, W. Intercellular adhesion-dependent cell survival and ROCK-regulated actomyosin-driven forces mediate self-formation of a retinal organoid. Stem Cell Rep. 6, 743\u2013756 (2016).","journal-title":"Stem Cell Rep."},{"key":"1142_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1898","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stemcr.2017.10.018","volume":"9","author":"E Welby","year":"2017","unstructured":"Welby, E. et al. Isolation and comparative transcriptome analysis of human fetal and iPSC-derived cone photoreceptor cells. Stem Cell Rep. 9, 1898\u20131915 (2017).","journal-title":"Stem Cell Rep."},{"key":"1142_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1017","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(00)80394-3","volume":"19","author":"S Chen","year":"1997","unstructured":"Chen, S. et al. Crx, a novel Otx-like paired-homeodomain protein, binds to and transactivates photoreceptor cell-specific genes. Neuron 19, 1017\u20131030 (1997).","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"1142_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1242\/bio.2012027","volume":"1","author":"BG Ballios","year":"2012","unstructured":"Ballios, B. G., Clarke, L., Coles, B. L., Shoichet, M. S. & Van Der Kooy, D. The adult retinal stem cell is a rare cell in the ciliary epithelium whose progeny can differentiate into photoreceptors. Biol. Open 1, 237\u2013246 (2012).","journal-title":"Biol. Open"},{"key":"1142_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4167","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.04-0511","volume":"45","author":"HJ Klassen","year":"2004","unstructured":"Klassen, H. J. et al. Multipotent retinal progenitors express developmental markers, differentiate into retinal neurons, and preserve light-mediated behavior. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 45, 4167\u20134173 (2004).","journal-title":"Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci."},{"key":"1142_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3187","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2004.08.022","volume":"26","author":"EB Lavik","year":"2005","unstructured":"Lavik, E. B., Klassen, H., Warfvinge, K., Langer, R. & Young, M. J. Fabrication of degradable polymer scaffolds to direct the integration and differentiation of retinal progenitors. Biomaterials 26, 3187\u20133196 (2005).","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"key":"1142_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1007\/s12177-008-9005-3","volume":"1","author":"S Redenti","year":"2008","unstructured":"Redenti, S. et al. Retinal tissue engineering using mouse retinal progenitor cells and a novel biodegradable, thin-film poly(e-caprolactone) nanowire scaffold. J. Ocul. Biol. Dis. Infor. 1, 19\u201329 (2008).","journal-title":"J. Ocul. Biol. Dis. Infor."},{"key":"1142_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2029","DOI":"10.1038\/nprot.2012.130","volume":"7","author":"J Beers","year":"2012","unstructured":"Beers, J. et al. Passaging and colony expansion of human pluripotent stem cells by enzyme-free dissociation in chemically defined culture conditions. Nat. Protoc. 7, 2029\u20132040 (2012).","journal-title":"Nat. Protoc."},{"key":"1142_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2625","DOI":"10.1002\/stem.2414","volume":"34","author":"EE Capowski","year":"2016","unstructured":"Capowski, E. E. et al. Regulation of WNT signaling by VSX2 during optic vesicle patterning in human induced pluripotent stem cells. Stem Cells 34, 2625\u20132634 (2016).","journal-title":"Stem Cells"},{"key":"1142_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1690","DOI":"10.1634\/stemcells.2006-0607","volume":"25","author":"C Ellerstrom","year":"2007","unstructured":"Ellerstrom, C., Strehl, R., Noaksson, K., Hyllner, J. & Semb, H. Facilitated expansion of human embryonic stem cells by single-cell enzymatic dissociation. Stem Cells 25, 1690\u20131696 (2007).","journal-title":"Stem Cells"},{"key":"1142_CR53","first-page":"614","volume":"44","author":"YH Chan","year":"2003","unstructured":"Chan, Y. H. Biostatistics 104: correlational analysis. Singapore Med. J. 44, 614\u2013619 (2003).","journal-title":"Singapore Med. J."},{"key":"1142_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6332","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/ddu351","volume":"23","author":"EE Capowski","year":"2014","unstructured":"Capowski, E. E. et al. Loss of MITF expression during human embryonic stem cell differentiation disrupts retinal pigment epithelium development and optic vesicle cell proliferation. Hum. Mol. Genet. 23, 6332\u20136344 (2014).","journal-title":"Hum. Mol. Genet."},{"key":"1142_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Tan, W. S. et al. Figure 1. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.6084\/m9.figshare.27671145 (2024).","DOI":"10.6084\/m9.figshare.27671145"},{"key":"1142_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stemcr.2016.03.001","volume":"6","author":"M Volkner","year":"2016","unstructured":"Volkner, M. et al. Retinal organoids from pluripotent stem cells efficiently recapitulate retinogenesis. Stem Cell Rep. 6, 525\u2013538 (2016).","journal-title":"Stem Cell Rep."},{"key":"1142_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"811","DOI":"10.1038\/nprot.2009.51","volume":"4","author":"F Osakada","year":"2009","unstructured":"Osakada, F., Ikeda, H., Sasai, Y. & Takahashi, M. Stepwise differentiation of pluripotent stem cells into retinal cells. Nat. Protoc. 4, 811\u2013824 (2009).","journal-title":"Nat. Protoc."}],"container-title":["Nature Protocols"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41596-025-01142-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41596-025-01142-y","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41596-025-01142-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,5]],"date-time":"2025-09-05T14:02:36Z","timestamp":1757080956000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41596-025-01142-y"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,25]]},"references-count":57,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]}},"alternative-id":["1142"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41596-025-01142-y","relation":{},"ISSN":["1754-2189","1750-2799"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1754-2189","type":"print"},{"value":"1750-2799","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,25]]},"assertion":[{"value":"21 August 2024","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"7 January 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"25 February 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"H.G.T. is co-founder of Alder Therapeutics. K.T. is co-founder of Alder Therapeutics and BioLamina. The remaining authors declare no competing interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}]}}