{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,5]],"date-time":"2026-03-05T23:32:53Z","timestamp":1772753573567,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,22]],"date-time":"2024-01-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1705881600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,22]],"date-time":"2024-01-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1705881600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci Data"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Estuaries provide essential ecosystem services and economic value but are facing widespread degradation due to changing anthropogenic and climatic factors. In North Carolina, coastal structures, like bulkheads and riprap, are widely used by property owners throughout the Albemarle-Pamlico estuary to stop erosion and reclaim lost land following storm events. While coastal development is tightly governed, limited historical and no up-to-date data report on the spatial distribution of coastal structures throughout the Albemarle-Pamlico estuary. Here we describe the development of a dataset that classifies and catalogues 67\u2009km of shoreline type along the Neuse River Estuary (NRE), a large tributary of the Albemarle-Pamlico. We used available LiDAR digital elevation models (DEMs), aerial imagery, and a ground truthing field campaign to determine shoreline type present along the NRE as of 2020. We validated these results using an intensive manual editing procedure that comparatively examines DEMs, LiDAR derived slope, aerial imagery, and ground truth photography of the shoreline. This dataset is available for public download.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41597-024-02954-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,22]],"date-time":"2024-01-22T10:02:28Z","timestamp":1705917748000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Shoreline classification maps and ground truth data for the Neuse River Estuary, North Carolina"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3951-9630","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hannah","family":"Sirianni","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jessica","family":"Richter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Matthew J.","family":"Sirianni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sarah","family":"Pettyjohn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,22]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"2954_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1890\/10-1510.1","volume":"81","author":"EB Barbier","year":"2011","unstructured":"Barbier, E. B. et al. The value of estuarine and coastal ecosystem services. Ecol. Monogr. 81(2), 169\u2013193 (2011).","journal-title":"Ecol. Monogr."},{"key":"2954_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1130","DOI":"10.1306\/D4267A69-2B26-11D7-8648000102C1865D","volume":"62","author":"RW Dalrymple","year":"1992","unstructured":"Dalrymple, R. W., Zaitlin, B. A. & Boyd, R. Estuarine facies models: conceptual basis and stratigraphic implications. J. Sediment. Petrol. 62, 1130\u20131146 (1992).","journal-title":"J. Sediment. Petrol."},{"key":"2954_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Laird, M.P., Theberge, B.L., & Jones, N.B. An Assessment of Estuarine and Nearshore Marine Environments. Special Reports in Applied Marine Science and Ocean Engineering (SRAMSOE) No. 93. Virginia Institute of Marine Science, William & Mary. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.21220\/V5F161 (1975).","DOI":"10.21220\/V5F161"},{"key":"2954_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1038\/387253a0","volume":"387","author":"R Costanza","year":"1997","unstructured":"Costanza, R. et al. The value of the world\u2019s ecosystem services and natural capital. Nature. 387, 253\u2013260 (1997).","journal-title":"Nature."},{"key":"2954_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1806","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1128035","volume":"312","author":"HK Lotze","year":"2006","unstructured":"Lotze, H. K. et al. Depletion, degradation, and recovery potential of estuaries and coastal seas. Science. 312, 1806\u20131809 (2006).","journal-title":"Science."},{"key":"2954_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kennish, M. J. Anthropogenic Drivers of Estuarine Change. Climate Change and Estuaries. 75\u201398 CRC Press, (2024).","DOI":"10.1201\/9781003126096-6"},{"key":"2954_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108026","DOI":"10.1016\/j.geomorph.2021.108026","volume":"397","author":"JD Phillips","year":"2022","unstructured":"Phillips, J. D. Geomorphic impacts of Hurricane Florence on the lower Neuse River: Portents and particulars. Geomorphology. 397, 108026 (2022).","journal-title":"Geomorphology."},{"key":"2954_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-46928-9","volume":"9","author":"HW Paerl","year":"2019","unstructured":"Paerl, H. W. et al. Recent increase in catastrophic tropical cyclone flooding in coastal North Carolina, USA: Long-term observations suggest a regime shift. Sci Rep. 9, 10620 (2019).","journal-title":"Sci Rep."},{"key":"2954_CR9","unstructured":"Geis, S. & Bendell, B. Charting the Estuarine Environment: A Methodology Spatially Delineating a Contiguous, Estuarine Shoreline of North Carolina. NC Division of Coastal Management. https:\/\/files.nc.gov\/ncdeq\/Coastal%20Management\/GIS\/Data\/ESMP-20100115-Charting-the-Estuarine-Environment.pdf (2010)."},{"key":"2954_CR10","unstructured":"McVerry, K. North Carolina estuarine shoreline mapping project, statewide and county statistics. North Carolina Division of Coastal Management. https:\/\/www.deq.nc.gov\/documents\/pdf\/esmp-analysis-report-final-20130117\/download (2012)."},{"issue":"5","key":"2954_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1069","DOI":"10.2112\/JCOASTRES-D-14-00127.1","volume":"31","author":"C Currin","year":"2015","unstructured":"Currin, C., Davis, J., Baron, L. C. & Malhotra, A. Shoreline Change in the New River Estuary, North Carolina: rates and consequences. J. Coast. Res. 31(5), 1069\u20131077 (2015).","journal-title":"J. Coast. Res."},{"issue":"1","key":"2954_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1016\/j.isprsjprs.2009.06.004","volume":"65","author":"T Blaschke","year":"2010","unstructured":"Blaschke, T. Object based image analysis for remote sensing. ISPRS J. Photogramm. Remote Sens. 65(1), 2\u20136 (2010).","journal-title":"ISPRS J. Photogramm. Remote Sens."},{"key":"2954_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15139\/S3\/HJPPKE","author":"H Sirianni","year":"2023","unstructured":"Sirianni, H. Richter, J., Sirianni, M., & Pettyjohn, S. Shoreline classification maps and ground truth data for the Neuse River Estuary, North Carolina.UNC Dataverse https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15139\/S3\/HJPPKE, (2023)."},{"key":"2954_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15139\/S3\/RH8E9H","author":"H Sirianni","year":"2023","unstructured":"Sirianni, H., Sarah P. Mapping Shoreline Changes: Recession and Erosion in the Neuse River Estuary, North Carolina (2014\u20132020). UNC Dataverse https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15139\/S3\/RH8E9H(2023)."},{"issue":"3","key":"2954_CR15","first-page":"502","volume":"18","author":"HF Stockdon","year":"2002","unstructured":"Stockdon, H. F., Sallenger, A. H., List, J. H. & Holman, R. A. Estimation of shoreline position and change using airborne topographic lidar data. J. Coast. Res. 18(3), 502\u2013513 (2002).","journal-title":"J. Coast. Res."},{"key":"2954_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"688","DOI":"10.2112\/03-0071.1","volume":"21","author":"EH Boak","year":"2005","unstructured":"Boak, E. H. & Turner, I. L. Shoreline definition and detection: a review. J. Coast. Res. 21, 688\u2013703 (2005).","journal-title":"J. Coast. Res."},{"key":"2954_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1819","DOI":"10.1080\/01431160902926673","volume":"31","author":"R Gens","year":"2010","unstructured":"Gens, R. Remote sensing of coastlines: Detection, extraction and monitoring. Int. J. 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Estuaries Coast. 40, 741\u2013757 (2017).","journal-title":"Estuaries Coast."},{"issue":"1","key":"2954_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1890\/14-0716","volume":"26","author":"R Gittman","year":"2016","unstructured":"Gittman, R. et al. Living shorelines can enhance the nursery role of threatened estuarine habitats. Ecol. Appl. 26(1), 249\u2013263 (2016).","journal-title":"Ecol. Appl."},{"key":"2954_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.1016\/j.marpol.2017.04.013","volume":"81","author":"CS Smith","year":"2017","unstructured":"Smith, C. S. et al. Hurricane damage along natural and hardened estuarine shorelines: Using homeowner experiences to promote nature-based coastal protection. Mar. Policy 81, 350\u2013358 (2017).","journal-title":"Mar. Policy"},{"key":"2954_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Polk, M. A., & Eulie, D. O. Effectiveness of living shorelines as an erosion control method in North Carolina. 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FACETS. 6(1), 240\u2013251 (2021).","journal-title":"FACETS."}],"container-title":["Scientific Data"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41597-024-02954-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41597-024-02954-5","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41597-024-02954-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,22]],"date-time":"2024-01-22T10:08:01Z","timestamp":1705918081000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41597-024-02954-5"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,22]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]}},"alternative-id":["2954"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41597-024-02954-5","relation":{"references":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.15139\/S3\/HJPPKE","asserted-by":"subject"},{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.15139\/S3\/RH8E9H","asserted-by":"subject"}]},"ISSN":["2052-4463"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2052-4463","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,22]]},"assertion":[{"value":"5 October 2023","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"11 January 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"22 January 2024","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"103"}}