{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,3]],"date-time":"2026-01-03T22:08:51Z","timestamp":1767478131442,"version":"3.48.0"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,12]],"date-time":"2025-12-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1765497600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,3]],"date-time":"2026-01-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767398400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":22,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci Data"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    This data descriptor presents a curated dataset of numerical signature descriptors derived from fragment images of six economically significant stored-product beetle species from the families Curculionidae (\n                    <jats:italic>Sitophilus zeamais<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>Sitophilus oryzae<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>Sitophilus granarius<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) and Tenebrionidae (\n                    <jats:italic>Tribolium castaneum<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>Tribolium confusum<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>Latheticus oryzae<\/jats:italic>\n                    ). Anatomical fragments\u2014including antennae, elytra, thorax, snout (Curculionidae), and head aspect ratio (Tenebrionidae)\u2014were imaged using digital microscopy and processed with standardized image acquisition and segmentation techniques. From each image, four statistical descriptors\u2014skewness, kurtosis, entropy, and standard deviation\u2014were extracted, which form compact numerical signatures that capture fragment-level texture and morphological variation. These descriptors are designed to support artificial intelligence and machine learning workflows for automated classification in entomological diagnostics and post-harvest pest detection. The dataset includes 3,423 fragment images, each linked to a numerical signature vector and labeled by species, anatomical region, and metadata. This dataset adheres to Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, Reusable (FAIR) principles and is intended for open reuse in entomological AI research and machine learning-driven insect fragment identification workflows.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41597-025-06309-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,12]],"date-time":"2025-12-12T08:58:19Z","timestamp":1765529899000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Numerical Signature Dataset of Curculionidae and Tenebrionidae Beetle Fragments for ML Identification"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8551-8057","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ronnie O.","family":"Serfa Juan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alison R.","family":"Gerken","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"6309_CR1","unstructured":"Hagstrum, D. 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Cereal Chemistry Journal 92(1), 8\u201313, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1094\/cchem-08-13-0173-r (2015).","journal-title":"Cereal Chemistry Journal"},{"issue":"6","key":"6309_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"876","DOI":"10.1093\/sysbio\/syz014","volume":"68","author":"M Valan","year":"2019","unstructured":"Valan, M., Makonyi, K., Maki, A., Vondr\u00e1\u010dek, D. & Ronquist, F. Automated Taxonomic Identification of Insects with Expert-Level Accuracy Using Effective Feature Transfer from Convolutional Networks. Systematic Biology 68(6), 876\u2013895, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/sysbio\/syz014 (2019).","journal-title":"Systematic Biology"},{"key":"6309_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4169","DOI":"10.3390\/s18124169","volume":"18","author":"D Xia","year":"2018","unstructured":"Xia, D., Chen, P., Wang, B., Zhang, J. & Xie, C. Insect Detection and Classification Based on an Improved Convolutional Neural Network. 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International Journal of Scientific Research in Science and Technology 12(1), 183\u2013205, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.32628\/ijsrst25121170 (2025).","journal-title":"International Journal of Scientific Research in Science and Technology"},{"key":"6309_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8388","DOI":"10.3390\/app11188388","volume":"11","author":"B Kim","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kim, B., Serfa Juan, R. O., Lee, D.-E. & Chen, Z. Importance of Image Enhancement and CDF for Fault Assessment of Photovoltaic Module Using IR Thermal Image. Applied Sciences 11, 8388, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/app11188388 (2021).","journal-title":"Applied Sciences"},{"issue":"21","key":"6309_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7396","DOI":"10.3390\/s21217396","volume":"21","author":"B Kim","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kim, B., Choi, S.-W., Hu, G., Lee, D.-E. & Serfa Juan, R. O. Multivariate Analysis of Concrete Image Using Thermography and Edge Detection. Sensors 21(21), 7396, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/s21217396 (2021).","journal-title":"Sensors"},{"issue":"1","key":"6309_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41597-024-03301-4","volume":"11","author":"J Branding","year":"2024","unstructured":"Branding, J., von H\u00f6rsten, D., B\u00f6ckmann, E., Wegener, J. K. & Hartung, E. InsectSound1000 An insect sound dataset for deep learning based acoustic insect recognition. Scientific Data 11(1), 475, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41597-024-03301-4 (2024).","journal-title":"Scientific Data"},{"key":"6309_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Gerken, A. & Serfa Juan, R. Data and Images from: Numerical Signature Dataset of Thoracic and Elytral Fragments from Curculionidae and Tenebrionidae Beetles for AI-Based Species Identification. Ag Data Commons. Dataset. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15482\/USDA.ADC\/29066444.v1 (2025).","DOI":"10.15482\/USDA.ADC\/29066444.v1"},{"year":"2025","author":"R Serfa Juan","key":"6309_CR12","unstructured":"Serfa Juan, R. & Gerken, A. R. Numerical Signature Dataset of Thoracic and Elytral Fragments from Curculionidae and Tenebrionidae Beetles for AI-Based Species Identification. figshare. Dataset. https:\/\/figshare.com\/s\/8e07c9c41c89eb56be3f (2025)."}],"container-title":["Scientific Data"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41597-025-06309-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41597-025-06309-6","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41597-025-06309-6.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,3]],"date-time":"2026-01-03T22:04:53Z","timestamp":1767477893000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41597-025-06309-6"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,12]]},"references-count":12,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["6309"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41597-025-06309-6","relation":{"references":[{"id-type":"uri","id":"https:\/\/figshare.com\/s\/8e07c9c41c89eb56be3f","asserted-by":"subject"}]},"ISSN":["2052-4463"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"2052-4463"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"21 July 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"11 November 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"12 December 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"2"}}