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Deciphering these changes with cell type-specific resolution shall facilitate discovery of new molecular targets that promote recovery. Here, we performed a proteomic analysis of laser-dissected motoneurons (MNs), ependymal cells (ECs), and dorsal root ganglia (DRG) obtained from adult rats 2 or 6 weeks after thoracic spinal cord transection at T11-T12 level, and control animals (n\u2009=\u20095-6 rats per group). We traced with fluorescent cholera toxin and laser-microdissected MNs innervating soleus muscle (SOL, n\u2009=\u2009172\u2009\u00b1\u200939 MNs sections per animal, mean\u2009\u00b1\u2009SD) and tibialis anterior muscle (TA, n\u2009=\u2009262\u2009\u00b1\u200974 per animal) at lumbar spinal cord segments L3\u2013L5. The ECs and DRG were dissected from the same lumbar segments. Mass spectrometry analysis of the samples allowed us to detect 1221 proteins in SOL MNs, 1186 in TA MNs, 1520 in ECs layer, and 5087, 3740 and 3086 in DRG L3, L4 and L5, respectively. Here we describe how this data was obtained and made available for further use. Our data may help to characterize molecular mechanisms regulated in the rat spinal MNs, DRG and ECs in the early and late period after spinal cord transection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41597-026-07125-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,3]],"date-time":"2026-04-03T06:07:42Z","timestamp":1775196462000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Proteomic profile of Laser-dissected Motoneurons, Ependymal Cell Layer and Dorsal Root Ganglia after Spinal Cord Injury in the Rat"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3529-5788","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Olga","family":"Gajewska-Wo\u017aniak","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2494-7034","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Agata","family":"Pyty\u015b","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1128-4363","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tomasz","family":"W\u00f3jtowicz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4684-3754","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Remigiusz","family":"Serwa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7445-6180","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kasia","family":"Radwanska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2605-0124","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ma\u0142gorzata","family":"Skup","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"7125_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-023-01477-6","volume":"8","author":"X Hu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Hu, X. et al. 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