{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T21:50:16Z","timestamp":1787003416531,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,21]],"date-time":"2017-04-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1492732800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,21]],"date-time":"2017-04-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1492732800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci Rep"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Up to 86% of uterine leiomyomas harbour somatic mutations in\n                    <jats:italic>mediator complex subunit 12 (MED12)<\/jats:italic>\n                    . These mutations have been associated with conventional histology, smaller tumour size, and larger number of tumours within the uterus. Prior studies, with limited sample sizes, have failed to detect associations between other clinical features and\n                    <jats:italic>MED12<\/jats:italic>\n                    mutations. Here, we prospectively collected 763 uterine leiomyomas and the corresponding normal myometrial tissue from 244 hysterectomy patients, recorded tumour characteristics, collected clinical data from medical records, and screened the tissue samples for\n                    <jats:italic>MED12<\/jats:italic>\n                    mutations to assess potential associations between clinical variables and mutation status. Out of 763 leiomyomas, 599 (79%) harboured a\n                    <jats:italic>MED12<\/jats:italic>\n                    mutation. In the analysis of tumour characteristics, positive\n                    <jats:italic>MED12-<\/jats:italic>\n                    mutation status was significantly associated with smaller tumour size, conventional histology, and subserous location, relative to intramural. In the analysis of clinical variables, the number of\n                    <jats:italic>MED12-<\/jats:italic>\n                    mutation-positive tumours showed an inverse association with parity, and the number of mutation-negative tumours showed a positive association with a history of pelvic inflammatory disease. This study confirmed the previously reported differences and discovered novel differentiating features for\n                    <jats:italic>MED12-<\/jats:italic>\n                    mutation-positive and -negative leiomyomas. These findings emphasise the relevance of specific driver mutations in genesis and presentation of uterine leiomyomas.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-01199-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,13]],"date-time":"2017-04-13T05:58:25Z","timestamp":1492063105000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":59,"title":["Multiple clinical characteristics separate MED12-mutation-positive and -negative uterine leiomyomas"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"7","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4069-2334","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hanna-Riikka","family":"Heinonen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annukka","family":"Pasanen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oskari","family":"Heikinheimo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tomas","family":"Tanskanen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4621-6128","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kimmo","family":"Palin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jaana","family":"Tolvanen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pia","family":"Vahteristo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jari","family":"Sj\u00f6berg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Esa","family":"Pitk\u00e4nen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ralf","family":"B\u00fctzow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Netta","family":"M\u00e4kinen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lauri A.","family":"Aaltonen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"1199_CR1","first-page":"100","volume":"188","author":"DD Baird","year":"2003","unstructured":"Baird, D. D., Dunson, D. B., Hill, M. C., Cousins, D. & Schectman, J. M. High cumulative incidence of uterine leiomyoma in black and white women: Ultrasound evidence. Obstet. Gynecol. \n                           188, 100\u2013107 (2003).","journal-title":"Obstet. Gynecol."},{"key":"1199_CR2","first-page":"211.e1","volume":"206","author":"ER Cardozo","year":"2012","unstructured":"Cardozo, E. R. et al. The estimated annual cost of uterine leiomyomata in the United States. Obstet. Gynecol. \n                           206, 211.e1\u2013211.e9 (2012).","journal-title":"Obstet. Gynecol."},{"key":"1199_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcp\/94.4.435","volume":"94","author":"SF Cramer","year":"1990","unstructured":"Cramer, S. F. & Patel, A. The frequency of uterine leiomyomas. Am. J. Clin. Pathol. \n                           94, 435\u2013438 (1990).","journal-title":"Am. J. Clin. Pathol."},{"key":"1199_CR4","unstructured":"Oliva, E. et al. Mesenchymal tumours In World Heatlh Organization Classification of Tumours of Female Reproductive Organs (eds Kurman, R. J., Carcangiu, M. L., Herrington, C. S. & Young, R. H.) 135\u2013138 (IARC Press, 2014)."},{"key":"1199_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.1097\/00003081-200106000-00022","volume":"44","author":"DW Stovall","year":"2001","unstructured":"Stovall, D. W. Clinical symptomatology of uterine leiomyomas. Clin. Obstet. Gynecol. \n                           44, 364\u2013371 (2001).","journal-title":"Clin. Obstet. Gynecol."},{"key":"1199_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/153.1.1","volume":"153","author":"E Faerstein","year":"2001","unstructured":"Faerstein, E., Szklo, M. & Rosenshein, N. Risk factors for uterine leiomyoma: a practice-based case-control study. I. African-American heritage, reproductive history, body size, and smoking. Am. J. Epidemiol. \n                           153, 1\u201310 (2001).","journal-title":"Am. J. Epidemiol"},{"key":"1199_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1007\/s10689-011-9428-z","volume":"10","author":"HJ Lehtonen","year":"2011","unstructured":"Lehtonen, H. J. Hereditary leiomyomatosis and renal cell cancer: update on clinical and molecular characteristics. Fam. Cancer \n                           10, 397\u2013411 (2011).","journal-title":"Fam. Cancer"},{"key":"1199_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"967","DOI":"10.1016\/S0029-7844(97)00534-6","volume":"90","author":"LM Marshall","year":"1997","unstructured":"Marshall, L. M. et al. Variation in the Incidence of Uterine Leiomyoma Among Premenopausal Women by Age and Race. Obstet. Gynecol. \n                           90, 967\u2013973 (1997).","journal-title":"Obstet. Gynecol"},{"key":"1199_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"432","DOI":"10.1016\/S0015-0282(98)00208-8","volume":"70","author":"LM Marshall","year":"1998","unstructured":"Marshall, L. M. et al. A prospective study of reproductive factors and oral contraceptive use in relation to the risk of uterine leiomyomata. Fertil. Steril. \n                           70, 432\u2013439 (1998).","journal-title":"Fertil. Steril."},{"key":"1199_CR10","first-page":"359","volume-title":"Br. Med. J. (Clin. Res. Ed)","author":"RK Ross","year":"1986","unstructured":"Ross, R. K. et al. Risk factors for uterine fibroids: reduced risk associated with oral contraceptives. Br. Med. J. (Clin. Res. Ed.) \n                           293, 359\u2013362 (1986)."},{"key":"1199_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1436","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2008.08.074","volume":"92","author":"C Templeman","year":"2009","unstructured":"Templeman, C. et al. Risk factors for surgically removed fibroids in a large cohort of teachers. Fertil. Steril. \n                           92, 1436\u20131446 (2009).","journal-title":"Fertil. Steril."},{"key":"1199_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1016\/0020-7292(95)02533-I","volume":"51","author":"EM Vikhlyaeva","year":"1995","unstructured":"Vikhlyaeva, E. M., Khodzhaeva, Z. S. & Fantschenko, N. D. Familial predisposition to uterine leiomyomas. Int. J. Gynecol. Obstet. \n                           51, 127\u2013131 (1995).","journal-title":"Int. J. Gynecol. Obstet."},{"key":"1199_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/153.1.11","volume":"153","author":"E Faerstein","year":"2001","unstructured":"Faerstein, E., Szklo, M. & Rosenshein, N. B. Risk Factors for Uterine Leiomyoma: A Practice-based Case-Control Study. II. Atherogenic Risk Factors and Potential Sources of Uterine Irritation. Am. J. Epidemiol. \n                           153, 11\u201319 (2001).","journal-title":"Am. J. Epidemiol"},{"key":"1199_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.1089\/jwh.2014.5051","volume":"24","author":"KR Moore","year":"2015","unstructured":"Moore, K. R. et al. Self-Reported Reproductive Tract Infections and Ultrasound Diagnosed Uterine Fibroids in African-American Women. J. Womens Health. (Larchmt) \n                           24, 489\u2013495 (2015).","journal-title":"J. Womens Health. (Larchmt)"},{"key":"1199_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2014.03.003","volume":"177","author":"J Ott","year":"2014","unstructured":"Ott, J. et al. Overt hypothyroidism is associated with the presence of uterine leiomyoma: a retrospective analysis. Eur. J. Obstet. Gynecol. Reprod. Biol. \n                           177, 19\u201322 (2014).","journal-title":"Eur. J. Obstet. Gynecol. Reprod. Biol."},{"key":"1199_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1603","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2015.04.023","volume":"51","author":"S Croce","year":"2015","unstructured":"Croce, S. & Chibon, F. MED12 and uterine smooth muscle oncogenesis: State of the art and perspectives. Eur. J. Cancer \n                           51, 1603\u20131610 (2015).","journal-title":"Eur. J. Cancer"},{"key":"1199_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1137","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2014.06.040","volume":"102","author":"HR Heinonen","year":"2014","unstructured":"Heinonen, H. R. et al. MED12 mutation frequency in unselected sporadic uterine leiomyomas. Fertil. Steril. \n                           102, 1137\u20131142 (2014).","journal-title":"Fertil. Steril."},{"key":"1199_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"E1044","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.27610","volume":"131","author":"EM Je","year":"2012","unstructured":"Je, E. M., Kim, M. R., Min, K. O., Yoo, N. J. & Lee, S. H. Mutational analysis of MED12 exon 2 in uterine leiomyoma and other common tumors. Int. J. Cancer \n                           131, E1044\u20137 (2012).","journal-title":"Int. J. Cancer"},{"key":"1199_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1136","DOI":"10.1002\/humu.22612","volume":"35","author":"K K\u00e4mpj\u00e4rvi","year":"2014","unstructured":"K\u00e4mpj\u00e4rvi, K. et al. Mutations in Exon 1 highlight the role of MED12 in uterine leiomyomas. Hum. Mutat. \n                           35, 1136\u20131141 (2014).","journal-title":"Hum. Mutat."},{"key":"1199_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"568","DOI":"10.1097\/PGP.0000000000000096","volume":"33","author":"DN Markowski","year":"2014","unstructured":"Markowski, D. N., Helmke, B. M., Bartnitzke, S., Loning, T. & Bullerdiek, J. Uterine fibroids: do we deal with more than one disease? Int. J. Gynecol. Pathol. \n                           33, 568\u2013572 (2014).","journal-title":"Int. J. Gynecol. Pathol."},{"key":"1199_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.1111\/his.12039","volume":"62","author":"A Matsubara","year":"2013","unstructured":"Matsubara, A. et al. Prevalence of MED12 mutations in uterine and extrauterine smooth muscle tumours. Histopathology \n                           62, 657\u2013661 (2013).","journal-title":"Histopathology"},{"key":"1199_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1208930","volume":"334","author":"N M\u00e4kinen","year":"2011","unstructured":"M\u00e4kinen, N. et al. MED12, the mediator complex subunit 12 gene, is mutated at high frequency in uterine leiomyomas. Science \n                           334, 252\u2013255 (2011).","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"1199_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1300","DOI":"10.1038\/ejhg.2013.33","volume":"21","author":"N M\u00e4kinen","year":"2013","unstructured":"M\u00e4kinen, N. et al. MED12 exon 2 mutations in histopathological uterine leiomyoma variants. Eur. J. Hum. Genet. \n                           21, 1300\u20131303 (2013).","journal-title":"Eur. J. Hum. Genet."},{"key":"1199_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1097\/PGP.0000000000000255","volume":"35","author":"NS Osinovskaya","year":"2016","unstructured":"Osinovskaya, N. S. et al. Frequency and Spectrum of MED12 Exon 2 Mutations in Multiple Versus Solitary Uterine Leiomyomas From Russian Patients. Int. J. Gynecol. Pathol. \n                           35, 509\u2013515 (2016).","journal-title":"Int. J. Gynecol. Pathol."},{"key":"1199_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e40015","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0040015","volume":"7","author":"G Perot","year":"2012","unstructured":"Perot, G. et al. MED12 alterations in both human benign and malignant uterine soft tissue tumors. PLoS One \n                           7, e40015 (2012).","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"1199_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1567","DOI":"10.1007\/s13277-015-3943-8","volume":"37","author":"S Sadeghi","year":"2016","unstructured":"Sadeghi, S. et al. The study of MED12 gene mutations in uterine leiomyomas from Iranian patients. Tumour Biol. \n                           37, 1567\u20131571 (2016).","journal-title":"Tumour Biol."},{"key":"1199_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3165","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.28900","volume":"120","author":"Q Zhang","year":"2014","unstructured":"Zhang, Q. et al. Molecular analyses of 6 different types of uterine smooth muscle tumors: Emphasis in atypical leiomyoma. Cancer \n                           120, 3165\u20133177 (2014).","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"1199_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1315","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1518752113","volume":"113","author":"M Mehine","year":"2016","unstructured":"Mehine, M. et al. Integrated data analysis reveals uterine leiomyoma subtypes with distinct driver pathways and biomarkers. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA \n                           113, 1315\u20131320 (2016).","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"1199_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1097\/PAS.0000000000000737","volume":"41","author":"M Fukushima","year":"2017","unstructured":"Fukushima, M., Schaefer, I. M. & Fletcher, C. D. Myolipoma of Soft Tissue: Clinicopathologic Analysis of 34 Cases. Am. J. Surg. Pathol. \n                           41, 153\u2013160 (2017).","journal-title":"Am. J. Surg. Pathol."},{"key":"1199_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"621","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2014.06.050","volume":"102","author":"M Mehine","year":"2014","unstructured":"Mehine, M., M\u00e4kinen, N., Heinonen, H. R., Aaltonen, L. A. & Vahteristo, P. Genomics of uterine leiomyomas: insights from high-throughput sequencing. Fertil. Steril. \n                           102, 621\u2013629 (2014).","journal-title":"Fertil. Steril."},{"key":"1199_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-4608(88)90143-4","volume":"36","author":"M Nilbert","year":"1988","unstructured":"Nilbert, M. et al. Ring formation and structural rearrangements of chromosome 1 as secondary changes in uterine leiomyomas with t(12;14)(q14\u201315;q23\u201324). Cancer Genet. Cytogenet. \n                           36, 183\u2013190 (1988).","journal-title":"Cancer Genet Cytogenet"},{"key":"1199_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1098-2264(200002)27:2<209::AID-GCC14>3.0.CO;2-U","volume":"27","author":"F Pedeutour","year":"2000","unstructured":"Pedeutour, F. et al. Dysregulation of HMGIC in a uterine lipoleiomyoma with a complex rearrangement including chromosomes 7, 12, and 14. Genes Chromosomes Cancer \n                           27, 209\u2013215 (2000).","journal-title":"Genes Chromosomes Cancer"},{"key":"1199_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.1016\/S0015-0282(97)00472-X","volume":"69","author":"I Brosens","year":"1998","unstructured":"Brosens, I., Deprest, J., Dal Cin, P. & Van den Berghe, H. Clinical significance of cytogenetic abnormalities in uterine myomas. Fertil. Steril. \n                           69, 232\u2013235 (1998).","journal-title":"Fertil. Steril."},{"key":"1199_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/14.1.190","volume":"14","author":"M Noe","year":"1999","unstructured":"Noe, M., Kunz, G., Herbertz, M., Mall, G. & Leyendecker, G. The cyclic pattern of the immunocytochemical expression of oestrogen and progesterone receptors in human myometrial and endometrial layers: characterization of the endometrial\u2013subendometrial unit. Hum. Reprod. \n                           14, 190\u2013197 (1999).","journal-title":"Hum. Reprod"},{"key":"1199_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2012.04.046","volume":"79","author":"G Wegienka","year":"2012","unstructured":"Wegienka, G. Are uterine leiomyoma a consequence of a chronically inflammatory immune system? Med. Hypotheses \n                           79, 226\u2013231 (2012).","journal-title":"Med. Hypotheses"},{"key":"1199_CR36","first-page":"561548","volume":"2011","author":"B Purgina","year":"2011","unstructured":"Purgina, B., Rao, U. N., Miettinen, M. & Pantanowitz, L. AIDS-Related EBV-Associated Smooth Muscle Tumors: A Review of 64 Published Cases. Patholog. Res. Int. \n                           2011, 561548 (2011).","journal-title":"Patholog Res. Int"},{"key":"1199_CR37","first-page":"247","volume":"14","author":"DD Baird","year":"2003","unstructured":"Baird, D. D. & Dunson, D. B. Why is parity protective for uterine fibroids? Epidemiology \n                           14, 247\u2013250 (2003).","journal-title":"Epidemiology"},{"key":"1199_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1302736","volume":"369","author":"M Mehine","year":"2013","unstructured":"Mehine, M. et al. Characterization of Uterine Leiomyomas by Whole-Genome Sequencing. N. Engl. J. Med. \n                           369, 43\u201353 (2013).","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"1199_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2016.10.035","volume":"107","author":"SA Yatsenko","year":"2017","unstructured":"Yatsenko, S. A. et al. Highly heterogeneous genomic landscape of uterine leiomyomas by whole exome sequencing and genome-wide arrays. Fertil. Steril. \n                           107, 457\u2013466.e9 (2017).","journal-title":"Fertil. Steril."},{"key":"1199_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1150","DOI":"10.1093\/molehr\/5.12.1150","volume":"5","author":"Y Hennig","year":"1999","unstructured":"Hennig, Y. et al. Chromosomal translocations affecting 12q14\u201315 but not deletions of the long arm of chromosome 7 associated with a growth advantage of uterine smooth muscle cells. Mol. Hum. Reprod. \n                           5, 1150\u20131154 (1999).","journal-title":"Mol. Hum. Reprod"},{"key":"1199_CR41","unstructured":"R Core Team. R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing (R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria, 2015)."},{"key":"1199_CR42","first-page":"1","volume":"15\/2","author":"S H\u00f8jsgaard","year":"2006","unstructured":"H\u00f8jsgaard, S., Halekoh, U. & Yan, J. The R Package geepack for Generalized Estimating Equations. J. Stat. Softw. \n                           15\/2, 1\u201311 (2006).","journal-title":"J. Stat. Softw."},{"key":"1199_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"859","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.1650","volume":"23","author":"J Yan","year":"2004","unstructured":"Yan, J. & Fine, J. P. Estimating Equations for Association Structures. Stat. Med. \n                           23, 859\u2013880 (2004).","journal-title":"Stat. Med."},{"key":"1199_CR44","first-page":"12","volume":"2\/3","author":"J Yan","year":"2002","unstructured":"Yan, J. geepack: Yet Another Package for Generalized Estimating Equations. R-News \n                           2\/3, 12\u201314 (2002).","journal-title":"R-News"},{"key":"1199_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kleiber, C. & Zeileis, A. Applied Econometrics with R (Springer, New York, USA, 2008).","DOI":"10.1007\/978-0-387-77318-6"},{"key":"1199_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Venables, W. N. & Ripley, B. D. Modern Applied Statistics with S Edn. 4 (Springer, New York, USA, 2002).","DOI":"10.1007\/978-0-387-21706-2"},{"key":"1199_CR47","volume-title":"pscl: Classes and Methods for R Developed in the Political Science Computational Laboratory, Stanford University","author":"S Jackman","year":"2015","unstructured":"Jackman, S. pscl: Classes and Methods for R Developed in the Political Science Computational Laboratory, Stanford University. (Department of Political Science, Stanford University: Stanford, California, USA, 2015)."},{"key":"1199_CR48","unstructured":"Peterson, B. G. & Carl, P. PerformanceAnalytics: Econometric tools for performance and risk analysis (R package version 1.4.3541, 2014)."},{"key":"1199_CR49","unstructured":"Fox, J. & Weisberg, S. In An R Companion to Applied Regression (Sage, Thousand Oaks, California, USA, 2011)."}],"container-title":["Scientific Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-017-01199-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-017-01199-0","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-017-01199-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,22]],"date-time":"2022-12-22T22:37:33Z","timestamp":1671748653000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-017-01199-0"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,21]]},"references-count":49,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,12]]}},"alternative-id":["1199"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-017-01199-0","relation":{},"ISSN":["2045-2322"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2045-2322","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,21]]},"assertion":[{"value":"3 February 2017","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"27 March 2017","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"21 April 2017","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no competing interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing Interests"}}],"article-number":"1015"}}