{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T12:10:55Z","timestamp":1792671055633,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,22]],"date-time":"2017-08-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1503360000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,22]],"date-time":"2017-08-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1503360000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci Rep"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Asthmatic patients present more rapid progression of respiratory distress after A(H1N1)pdm09 influenza infection than after seasonal infection. Here, we sought to clarify the pathophysiology of early deterioration in asthmatic patients after A(H1N1)pdm09 infection. Cytokine levels and virus titres in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from mice with and without asthma after A(H1N1)pdm09 or seasonal H1N1 infection were examined. In asthma\/A(H1N1)pdm09 mice, IL-6 and TNF-\u03b1 levels peaked at 3 days post-infection and were higher than those in all other groups. IFN-\u03b3 levels in asthma\/A(H1N1)pdm09 mice at 3 days post-infection were higher than in all other mice at any time point, whereas at 7 days post-infection, the levels were lowest in asthma\/A(H1N1)pdm09 mice. Virus titres in asthma\/A(H1N1)pdm09 mice were highest at 3 days post-infection, and decreased by 7 days post-infection, although the levels at this time point were still higher than that in any other group. Histopathological examination showed more inflammatory cell infiltration and lung tissue destruction in the asthma\/A(H1N1)pdm09 group than in any other group. The distinct cytokine profiles in A(H1N1)pdm09-infected asthmatic mice indicated excessive inflammation and virus replication within a few days after infection. Thus, bronchial asthma could be a more exacerbating factor for pandemic influenza infection than for seasonal influenza infection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-08030-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,16]],"date-time":"2017-08-16T14:34:15Z","timestamp":1502894055000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Pulmonary inflammation and cytokine dynamics of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from a mouse model of bronchial asthma during A(H1N1)pdm09 influenza infection"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Yousuke","family":"Fujimoto","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shunji","family":"Hasegawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takeshi","family":"Matsushige","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiroyuki","family":"Wakiguchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tamaki","family":"Nakamura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hideki","family":"Hasegawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Noriko","family":"Nakajima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Akira","family":"Ainai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Atsunori","family":"Oga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiroshi","family":"Itoh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Komei","family":"Shirabe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shoichi","family":"Toda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ryo","family":"Atsuta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tsuneo","family":"Morishima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shouichi","family":"Ohga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"8030_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S60","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciq022","volume":"52","author":"AL Fowlkes","year":"2011","unstructured":"Fowlkes, A. L. et al. Epidemiology of 2009 pandemic influenza A (H1N1) deaths in the United States, April-July 2009. Clin. Infect. Dis. \n                           52, S60\u201368 (2011).","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"8030_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1896","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2009.1583","volume":"302","author":"JK Louie","year":"2009","unstructured":"Louie, J. K. et al. Factors associated with death or hospitalization due to pandemic 2009 influenza A (H1N1) infection in California. JAMA \n                           302, 1896\u20131902 (2009).","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"8030_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"RRN1194","DOI":"10.1371\/currents.RRN1194","volume":"2","author":"M Athanasiou","year":"2010","unstructured":"Athanasiou, M. et al. Fatal cases associated with pandemic influenza A (H1N1) reported in Greece. PLoS Curr. \n                           2, RRN1194, doi:10.1371\/currents.RRN1194 (2010).","journal-title":"PLoS Curr."},{"key":"8030_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2334-10-5","volume":"10","author":"T Reichert","year":"2010","unstructured":"Reichert, T., Chowell, G., Nishiura, H., Christensen, R. A. & McCullers, J. A. Does glycosylation as a modifier of original antigenic sin explain the case age distribution and unusual toxicity in pandemic novel H1N1 influenza? BMC Infect. Dis. \n                           10, 5, doi:10.1186\/1471-2334-10-5 (2010).","journal-title":"BMC Infect. Dis."},{"key":"8030_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1935","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0906695","volume":"61","author":"S Jain","year":"2009","unstructured":"Jain, S. et al. Hospitalized patients with 2009 H1N1 influenza in the United States, April-June 2009. N. Engl. J. 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Three children with plastic bronchitis associated with 2009 H1N1 influenza virus infection. Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. \n                           30, 80\u201382 (2011).","journal-title":"Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J."},{"key":"8030_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1486","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.10-0548","volume":"138","author":"J Deng","year":"2010","unstructured":"Deng, J. et al. Plastic bronchitis in three children associated with 2009 influenza A(H1N1) virus infection. Chest \n                           138, 1486\u20131488 (2010).","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"8030_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e000310","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2011-000310","volume":"2","author":"SK Morris","year":"2012","unstructured":"Morris, S. K. et al. A retrospective cross-sectional study of risk factors and clinical spectrum of children admitted to hospital with pandemic H1N1 influenza as compared to influenza A. 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